Investigation of migration rule of rainwater for sponge city roads under different rainfall intensities

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Urban development and climate change have led to severe waterlogging in cities. To study the degree of mitigation of urban waterlogging using the design of...     

Bimetallic atomic site catalysts for CO2 reduction reactions: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Carbon neutral becomes one of the most important environmental goals due to the excessive emission of CO2. The reduction of CO2 into valuable chemicals or fuels is...     

面向化学品风险预测的计算毒理学软件比较研究

化学品风险评价是进行化学品环境管理和污染防治的前提,其关键在于化学品环境暴露和危害性数据的获取。仅采用实验测试获取相关数据的效率较低、成本高,难以满足数以万计的化学品风险评价的需求。以定量构效关系(QSAR)模型为代表的计算毒理学技术,可实现化学品环境暴露与危害性参数的高通量预测,是填补相关数据缺失的重要方法。近年来,计算毒理学领域发展了一批面向化学品环境暴露和危害性参数预测的软件工具,集成了数据和模型资源,在化学品管理活动中发挥了重要作用。本研究共搜集了国内外25款计算毒理学软件,通过文献资料调研和软件试用,从开发背景、预测终点、预测方法、功能与信息完整度和内嵌模型预测性能等方面对软件进行分析比较。分析表明,化学品管理法规支持、多方合作和数据共享,是计算毒理学软件开发的重要基础条件。现有计算毒理学软件在预测终点覆盖度、预测结果可靠性、软件实用性和可拓展性方面仍有提升空间。未来相关软件的开发需要结合深度学习等先进建模技术,增强软件的预测性能并扩大其应用范围,使之成为化学品风险综合评价和决策分析的实用工具。     

Goethite and lepidocrocite catalyzing different double-oxidant systems to degrade chlorophenol

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Goethite and lepidocrocite, as the main compositions of pipe deposits in the water distribution network, could be used as a catalyst for advanced...     

The veterinary antibiotic oxytetracycline and Cu influence functional diversity of the soil microbial community

There are increasing concerns over the effects of veterinary antibiotics and heavy metals in agricultural soils. The widely used veterinary antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC), Cu and their combination on soil microbial community function were assessed with the Biolog method. The microbial community was extracted from the soil and exposed to a 0.85% sodium chloride solution containing OTC (0, 1, 5, 11, 43, 109 and 217 microM), or Cu (0, 10, 20, 100 and 300 microM), or combination of the two pollutants (OTC 0, 5, 11 microM and Cu 0, 20 microM). Functional diversity, evenness, average well color development (AWCD) and substrate utilization decreased significantly with increasing concentrations of OTC or Cu (p < 0.005). The critical concentrations were 11 microM for OTC and 20 microM for Cu. The combination of OTC and Cu significantly decreased Shannon's diversity, evenness and utilization of carbohydrates and carboxylic acids compared to individual one of the contaminants. The antibiotic OTC and Cu had significant negative effects on soil microbial community function, particularly when both pollutants were present.     

江苏省农业比较优势格局及与周边省市比较分析

:将江苏省置于长江中下游种植区内 ,运用国内资源成本系数DRCC(DomesticResourcesCostCoefficient)和RDRCC(RatioDomesticResourcescostCoefficients)指标考察了江苏省与周边省市 (包括上海、安徽、浙江、江西、湖北和湖南 )农业生产比较优势的差异 ,从而全面地认识了相对于长江中下游种植区六省市江苏省农业生产的比较优势格局。根据分析 ,与周边地区相比 ,江苏省秋收作物粳稻、大豆 ,夏收作物油菜籽、棉花和早籼稻 ,常年生作物茶叶生产都具有不同程度的相对比较优势 ,可考虑通过适当的政策将资源导向这些产品的生产上 ;同时重点压缩小麦、中籼稻、玉米、花生、烤烟等不具相对比较优势产品的生产。此外 ,江苏桑蚕茧可考虑稳定现有的生产 ,而苹果生产可适当调减。主要饲养业产品中 ,蛋鸡、肉鸡和淡水鱼具有相对比较优势 ,其饲养总量可以考虑进一步扩大 ,相反 ,生猪和菜羊不具相对比较优势 ,饲养规模应适当压缩。而江苏奶牛饲养总规模可考虑稳定 ,并适当扩大国营集体饲养的规模     

火炬系统环境风险评价

本文运用事故树法分析了火炬熄火事故发生的概率，并结合实例，估计了这种事故排污对环境的影响后果，提出了预防措施。     

三相泡沫灭火剂性能及应用研究进展

本文介绍了近年来国内外三相泡沫灭火剂的研究现状,阐述了三相泡沫灭火剂的组成及制备方法,分析了现有三相泡沫灭火剂在配制和研究中存在的问题,对三相泡沫灭火剂的发展方向做了展望。     

Evaluating the emission status of light-duty gasoline vehicles and motorcycles in Macao with real-world remote sensing measurement

Roadside remote sensing measurement was used to explore the real-world emission status of light duty gasoline vehicles （LDGVs） and motorcycles in Macao. Both fuel-based and distance-based emission factors were derived using the mass balance method. The emission concentration profile of LDGVs illustrated the benefits of tightening emission standards at the source country or region of import. The distance-based emission factors for CO, HC and NOx of LDGVs registered before 2000 were 8.00, 1.04 and 1.36 g/km, respectively. The distance-based emission factors for CO, HC and NOx of LDGVs registered in or after 2000 were 1.16, 0.15 and 0.18 g/km, respectively. The fuel-based CO emission factors of light duty motorcycles （LDMCs） and heavy duty motorcycles （HDMCs） registered before 2000 were about 10 times higher than those of LDGVs of the same age group. As the emissions of LDGVs decreased more quickly after 2000, the gap widens for newer vehicles. The distance-based HC emission factors of LDMCs and HDMCs registered before 2000 were 4.81 and 2.91 g/km, respectively. The distance-based HC emission factors of LDMCs and HDMCs registered in or after 2000 were 3.52 and 0.93 g/km, respectively. The poor emission performance of motorcycles and their larger share in the traffic flow will cause them to be the major contributor to traffic CO and HC emissions. LDMCs, especially two-stroke models, should be the priority for vehicle emission control efforts in Macao.     

化学沉淀法处理模拟含铜废水的研究

采用化学沉淀法对模拟含铜废水进行处理,分别考察了反应pH值、温度、沉淀时间、絮凝剂(PAM)用量以及PAM作用下沉淀时间等因素对模拟含铜废水处理的影响,并在最佳条件下对实际含铜废水进行了处理研究。结果表明,采用化学沉淀法处理200 mg/L的模拟含铜废水时,1‰聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的最佳加入比例为30 mg/L,在25℃下,合适的pH值为7.12左右,沉淀时间13 min。在此条件下对来自葫芦岛锌厂的酸性平均含铜为167 mg/L的实际废水继续处理,处理后废水中铜离子浓度平均值为0.87 mg/L,可以实现实际废水中铜离子的有效去除。