Water quality prediction of copper-molybdenum mining-beneficiation wastewater based on the PSO-SVR model

● Data acquisition and pre-processing for wastewater treatment were summarized. ● A PSO-SVR model for predicting COD_eff in wastewater was proposed. ● The COD_eff prediction performances of the three models in the paper were compared. ● The COD_eff prediction effects of different models in other studies were discussed. The mining-beneficiation wastewater treatment is highly complex and nonlinear. Various factors like influent quality, flow rate, pH and chemical dose, tend to restrict the effluent effectiveness of mining-beneficiation wastewater treatment. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is a crucial indicator to measure the quality of mining-beneficiation wastewater. Predicting COD concentration accurately of mining-beneficiation wastewater after treatment is essential for achieving stable and compliant discharge. This reduces environmental risk and significantly improves the discharge quality of wastewater. This paper presents a novel AI algorithm PSO-SVR, to predict water quality. Hyperparameter optimization of our proposed model PSO-SVR, uses particle swarm optimization to improve support vector regression for COD prediction. The generalization capacity tested on out-of-distribution (OOD) data for our PSO-SVR model is strong, with the following performance metrics of root means square error (RMSE) is 1.51, mean absolute error (MAE) is 1.26, and the coefficient of determination (R²) is 0.85. We compare the performance of PSO-SVR model with back propagation neural network (BPNN) and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) and shows it edges over in terms of the performance metrics of RMSE, MAE and R², and is the best model for COD prediction of mining-beneficiation wastewater. This is because of the less overfitting tendency of PSO-SVR compared with neural network architectures. Our proposed PSO-SVR model is optimum for the prediction of COD in copper-molybdenum mining-beneficiation wastewater treatment. In addition, PSO-SVR can be used to predict COD on a wide variety of wastewater through the process of transfer learning.     

Methanation and chemolitrophic nitrogen removal by an anaerobic membrane bioreactor coupled partial nitrification and Anammox

● Efficient carbon methanation and nitrogen removal was achieved in AnMBR-PN/A system. ● AOB outcompeted NOB in PN section by limiting aeration and shortening SRT. ● The moderate residual organic matter of PN section triggered PD in anammox unit. ● AnAOB located at the bottom of UASB played an important role in nitrogen removal. An AnMBR-PN/A system was developed for mainstream sewage treatment. To verify the efficient methanation and subsequent chemolitrophic nitrogen removal, a long-term experiment and analysis of microbial activity were carried out. AnMBR performance was less affected by the change of hydraulic retention time (HRT), which could provide a stable influent for subsequent PN/A units. The COD removal efficiency of AnMBR was > 93% during the experiment, 85.5% of COD could be recovered in form of CH₄. With the HRT of PN/A being shortened from 10 to 6 h, nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of PN/A increased from 60.5% to 80.4%, but decreased to 68.8% when the HRT_PN/A further decreased to 4 h. Microbial analysis revealed that the highest specific ammonia oxidation activity (SAOA) and the ratio of SAOA to specific nitrate oxidation activity (SNOA) provide stable NO₂⁻-N/NH₄⁺-N for anammox, and anammox bacteria (mainly identified as Candidatus Brocadia) enriched at the bottom of Anammox-UASB might play an important role in nitrogen removal. In addition, the decrease of COD in Anammox-UASB indicated partial denitrification occurred, which jointly promoted nitrogen removal with anammox.     

Determinants of delegation and consultation by managers

Few studies have identified determinants of delegation and consultation. To investigate this question further, we surveyed managers and subordinates in two samples and interviewed managers individually or in focus groups. The use of delegation and consultation with individual subordinates was determined in part by characteristics of the subordinates and the manager–subordinate relationship. More delegation was used for a subordinate who was competent, shared the leader's task objectives, had worked longer for the manager, was a supervisor also, and had a favorable exchange relationship with the manager. Consultation with a subordinate was predicted by goal congruence, subordinate job level, and quality of the leader–member exchange relationship. The managers acknowledged that developing subordinates and empowering them to do their work were important reasons for delegation, but many managers were reluctant to give up control over important decisions or assign an important task to an inexperienced subordinate. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

洪水灾情评价的脉冲耦合神经网络模型

洪水灾情的评价工作对洪水灾害的分类管理具有重要的指导意义。脉冲耦合神经网络模型应用到洪水灾情评价中是一次新尝试,该方法通过脉冲输出从而调节阈值,并且应用动态阈值来确定洪水灾情的等级。这个方法比传统的BP模型简化了权值的训练,模型更加简便、直观。采用脉冲耦合神经网络模型得出的评价结果同灰色关联法、灰色聚类法、灰色模糊综合法的评价结果进行了比较,表明其用于洪水损失评价具有科学性和实用性。     

一切为了孩子——北京市中小学校舍安全工程简介

<正>新闻素材:2010年夏,因校舍需要进行抗震加固,北京市各区县部分中小学校根据需要提前放暑假。今年新学年开学前,北京市将完成对全市中小学每一栋校舍的抗震排查和鉴定工作。三年内,存在安全隐患的校舍都将完成抗震加固、迁移避险的工作。     

平顶山市城市大气环境综合整治及大气污染物排放总量控制的实施

介绍了平顶山市实施排放大气污染物总量控制的目的、意义、程序与管理手段,以及总量控制的技术支持系统、监测及管理机构的建立。      

粉煤灰的多环芳烃在海水中的溶出

用荧光分光光度计测定浸泡粉煤灰海水中多环芳烃（ＰＡＨｓ）的含量,用反相高效液体色谱紫外检测器／荧光检测器测定海水浸泡前后粉煤灰中多环芳烃。热电厂粉煤灰在海水中２种溶出结果表明,其粉煤灰在海水中的静态溶出和吸附可逆,ＰＡＨｓ的溶出极少。热电厂粉煤灰倾倒于海水中溶出的多环芳烃对海洋环境污染甚微。     

利用粉煤灰输送与贮存系统处置粘胶纤维污水场污泥的研究

通过对粘胶纤维污水场的中和脱锌污泥、二沉池剩余污泥和煤灰水混合体的沉降性能实验,证实其固液分离性能良好;吸附与渗透实验取得了粉煤灰、亚粘土对锌、汞的吸附等温线和地下水影响预测所需的参数;并分析了灰泥混合流体对电厂原输灰系统和环境的影响。研究结果表明：利用粉煤灰输送与贮存系统处置粘胶纤维污水场污泥的处理工艺在技术上可行,操作简单、运行可靠、投资少,每年可节省污泥处理费用40.5万元。外排污染物达到国家排放标准。     

生物处理含氯代脂肪烃废水的研究进展

从降解菌种及涉及的酶体系,降解过程机理,降解动力学和所用反应器等４方面对氯代脂肪烃的生物降解的研究作了综述,文献表明：通过驯化,某些菌种能在特写条件下降解氯代脂肪族物质。还介绍了降解菌种的特征,降解的可能途径和动力学模型,并比较了各种氯代脂肪族组分的可生物降解性。同时对降解所用的反应器进行了评价。     

淮河流域省界水质标准的确定——以淮河流域为例

省界水质标准确定是流域环境管理的重要工作。本文运用冲突分析理论研究边界水质标准确定问题,提出了排污总量分配公平性的准则,详细阐述了边界水质标准确定的必要性、基本原则、技术步骤和计算方法。以沙颖河－淮河干流水系为例进行的实例研究得出了该水系的省界水质标准。本文的研究成果对于跨边界河流的水环境管理具有重要指导意义。