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681.
682.
化工园区布局优化是一个复杂的多目标优化问题,建立了以事故风险和经济收益为两个优化指标的化工园区布局优化模型,以潜在死亡人数(PLL)表征事故风险,以销售收入表征经济收益;从算法的正确性、有效性及其搜索性能上提出了三条化工园区布局优化算法性能的评价准则;基于向量评价遗传算法(VEGA)和基于确定性拥挤机制的小生境遗传算法(DCGA)分别对化工园区布局优化进行研究,并对比分析了优化计算结果,得出:建立的化工园区双目标布局优化模型和提出的优化方法是可行的,计算所得的Pareto最优解对化工园区布局具有较好的参考价值;VEGA算法仅能满足部分准则要求,而DCGA算法能同时满足三条评价准则要求,可知DCGA算法适用于化工园区布局优化。 相似文献
683.
Diamantino Insua Pereira Paulo Pereira José Brilha Leonardo Santos 《Environmental management》2013,52(3):541-552
Geodiversity is considered as the natural range of geological, geomorphological, and soil features, including their assemblages, relationships, properties, interpretations, and systems. A method developed for the quantitative assessment of geodiversity was applied to Paraná, a Brazilian state with an area of about 200,000 km2. The method is based on the overlay of a grid over different maps at scales ranging from 1/500,000 to 1/650,000, with the final Geodiversity Index the sum of five partial indexes calculated on a 25 × 25 km grid. The partial indexes represent the main components of geodiversity, including geology (stratigraphy and lithology), geomorphology, paleontology, and soils. The fifth partial index covers mineral occurrences of geodiversity, such precious stones and metals, energy and industrial minerals, mineral waters, and springs. The Geodiversity Index takes the form of an isoline map that can be used as a tool in land-use planning, particularly in identifying priority areas for conservation, management, and use of natural resources at the state level. 相似文献
684.
Juan Martinez-Gomez Oscar Burgara-Montero José M. Ponce-Ortega Fabricio Nápoles-Rivera Medardo Serna-González Mahmoud M. El-Halwagi 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2013,26(5):908-923
This paper presents a general mathematical programming model for the synthesis of distributed treatment systems for industrial effluents discharged to watersheds. In addition to addressing the economic and environmental concerns of the design, the paper introduces safety as an additional objective. A multi-objective optimization formulation is developed to simultaneously address and reconcile the various objectives. Material flow analysis (MFA) is used to track the flows and concentrations throughout the watershed system while accounting for the different sources (industrial, sanitary, agricultural, precipitation, etc.), extractions (agricultural, filtration, evaporation, etc.), and physical, biological, and chemical phenomena occurring within the watershed. Additionally, the formulation allows the installation of treatment systems for the industrial effluents. The economic, environmental, and safety aspects of these treatment units are incorporated. A case study with different scenarios for the Balsas watershed in Mexico is considered to show the applicability of the proposed approach. 相似文献
685.
Adel Badri Sylvie Nadeau André Gbodossou 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2013,26(6):1145-1158
The mining industry worldwide is currently experiencing an economic boom that is contributing to economic recovery and social progress in many countries. For this to continue, the mining industry must meet several challenges associated with the start-up of new projects. In a highly complex and uncertain environment, rigorous management of risks remains indispensable in order to repel threats to the success of mining.In this article, a new practical approach to risk management in mining projects is presented. This approach is based on a novel concept called “hazard concentration” and on the multi-criteria analysis method known as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The aim of the study is to extend the use of this approach to goldmines throughout Quebec. The work is part of a larger research project of which the aim is to propose a method suitable for managing practically all risks inherent in mining projects.This study shows the importance of taking occupational health and safety (OHS) into account in all operational activities of the mine. All project risks identified by the team can be evaluated. An adaptable database cataloguing about 250 potential hazards in an underground goldmine was constructed. In spite of limitations, the results obtained in this study are potentially applicable throughout the Quebec mining sector. 相似文献
686.
Pozo-Antonio José Santiago Cardell Carolina Comite Valeria Fermo Paola 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(20):29438-29454
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Black crusts (BCs) are one of the most critical alteration forms found on stones belonging to architectural heritage. Since they could be considered... 相似文献
687.
González-Burciaga Luis A. Núñez-Núñez Cynthia M. Proal-Nájera José B. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(28):42251-42274
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The following work provides a perspective on the degradation of cytostatic pollutants through TiO2 heterogeneous photocatalysis. Cytostatic drugs are... 相似文献
688.
Corcho-Alvarado José A. Díaz-Asencio Misael Röllin Stefan Herguera Juan Carlos 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(57):85766-85776
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Here, we report on new data (75 analyses) of plutonium (Pu) isotopes to elucidate activity concentrations, inventories, sources, and their transport... 相似文献
689.
A laboratory pilot study of thermal decontamination of soils polluted by PCBs. Comparison with thermogravimetric analysis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Real soils contaminated with a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls were thermally decontaminated in a laboratory scale thermal desorption apparatus, under different operating conditions including two operating pressures (P= 0.01 and 0.1 MPa), different sample masses (80-320 g), carrier gas flow rates (0-30-280 Nl h(-1)) and two initial contamination levels. A standard European soil artificially contaminated with 4-chlorobiphenyl was decontaminated using a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). The same parametric study as cited earlier was performed. With both techniques, the extent of decontamination was studied as a function of temperature during the heating programs (2-3 degrees C min(-1) for the thermal desorption apparatus; 5 degrees C min(-1) for TGA). Only a few differences were noticed between the two techniques. The decontamination starts when the melting temperature of the contaminant is reached (30 degrees C) and is complete before 350 degrees C. Thermogravimetric analysis which does not necessitate any chemical analysis appears to be a very attractive technique to investigate the feasibility of a decontamination and to quickly determine the best operating conditions. 相似文献
690.
The results of a surveillance programme on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and co-planar polychlorinated biphenyls (co-PCBs) determination in 70 foodstuffs samples produced all over the four provinces of Catalonia is presented. The study included the analyses of raw milk, pure virgin olive oil, butter, chicken, pork and mussel samples collected between November 1999 and January 2000. Milk, virgin oil, pork or butter presented a variable dioxin and co-PCBs content, even though the limits proposed in the draft of the EC Regulation for its commercialization in the European countries were not reached. The levels of PCDDs/PCDFs and co-PCBs determined in chicken samples varied between 0.36–3.59 pg I-TEQ/g fat chicken (0.4–3.8 WHO-TEQ/g fat). Just one case presented remarkable content of dioxins (about 30 pg I-TEQ/g fat) with a complex congener-specific profile which indicates the presence of an external contamination. On the other hand, a congener-specific profile dominated by 2,3,7,8-TCDF and OCDD was observed in mussel samples from Catalonia. This fact was also observed in mussel samples from other sites in Spain. 相似文献