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41.
Poul Johansen Martin Munk Hansen Gert Asmund Palle Bo Nielsen 《Chemistry and Ecology》2013,29(1-2):35-55
In monitoring the impact of a lead-zinc mine in Greenland, species of fish, prawns, seaweed and mussels have been analysed for cadmium, copper, lead and zinc for several years. These metals have been released to the marine environment in significant amounts from the mining operation. 相似文献
42.
Francisco J. Arjona Ignacio Ruiz-Jarabo Luis Vargas-Chacoff María P. Martín del Río Gert Flik Juan M. Mancera Peter H. M. Klaren 《Marine Biology》2010,157(6):1325-1335
We have investigated the regulation of thyroidal status and osmoregulatory capacities in juveniles from the teleost Solea senegalensis acclimated to different ambient temperatures. Juveniles, raised in seawater at 19°C, were acclimated for 3 weeks to temperatures
of 12, 19 and 26°C. Since our preliminary observations showed that at 12°C feed intake was suppressed, our experimental design
controlled for this factor. The concentration of branchial Na+,K+-ATPase, estimated by measurements of enzyme activity at the optimum temperature of this enzyme (37°C), did not change. In
contrast, an increase in Na+,K+-ATPase activity (measured at 37°C), was observed in the kidney of 12°C-acclimated fish. In fish acclimated to 12°C, the hepatosomatic
index had increased, which correlated with increased plasma levels of triglycerides and non-esterified fatty acids. Plasma
cortisol levels did not differ significantly between the experimental groups. In liver and gills, the amount of iodothyronine
deiodinases that exhibit thyroid hormone outer ring deiodination was up-regulated only when fish did not feed. When assayed
at the acclimation temperature, kidney deiodinase activities were similar, indicating a temperature-compensation strategy.
3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3) tissue concentrations in gills and kidney did not differ significantly between experimental groups.
However, at 12°C, lower T3 tissue levels were measured in plasma and liver. We conclude that S. senegalensis adjusts its osmoregulatory system to compensate for the effects of temperature on electrolyte transport capacity. The organ-specific
changes in thyroid hormone metabolism at different temperatures indicate the involvement of thyroid hormones in temperature
acclimation. 相似文献
43.
Altitude profiles of total chlorinated paraffins in humus and spruce needles from the Alps (MONARPOP) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Saverio Iozza Peter Schmid Rodolfo Bassan Gert Jakobi Karl-Werner Schramm Wolfgang Moche Peter Weiss Wilhelm Knoth 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(12):3225-3231
Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are toxic, bioaccumulative, persistent, and ubiquitously present in the environment. CPs were analyzed in humus and needle samples, which were taken within the Monitoring Network in the Alpine Region for Persistent and other Organic Pollutants (MONARPOP) at sampling sites of 7 different altitude profiles in the Alps. Gas chromatography combined with electron ionization tandem mass spectrometry (EI-MS/MS) was used for the determination of total CPs (sum of short, medium and long chain CPs). CPs were found in all samples; the concentrations varied between 7 and 199 ng g−1 dry weight (dw) and within 26 and 460 ng g−1 dw in humus and needle samples, respectively. A clear vertical tendency within the individual altitude profiles could not be ascertained. Within all altitude profiles, elevated concentrations were observed in humus samples taken between 700 and 900 m and between 1300 and 1500 m. In the needle samples no similar correlation could be observed due to higher variation of the data. 相似文献
44.
Poul Johansen Martin Munk Hansen Gert Asmund Palle Bo Nielsen 《Chemistry and Ecology》1991,5(1):35-55
In monitoring the impact of a lead-zinc mine in Greenland, species of fish, prawns, seaweed and mussels have been analysed for cadmium, copper, lead and zinc for several years. These metals have been released to the marine environment in significant amounts from the mining operation. 相似文献
45.
Brendler V Vahle A Arnold T Bernhard G Fanghänel T 《Journal of contaminant hydrology》2003,61(1-4):281-291
This paper presents a digitized version of a thermodynamic sorption database, implemented as a relational database with MS Access. It is mineral-specific and can therefore be used for additive models of complex solid phases such as rocks or soils. An integrated user interface helps users to access selected mineral and sorption data, to extract internally consistent data sets for sorption modeling, and to export them in formats suitable for other modeling software. Data records comprise mineral properties, specific surface area values, surface binding sites' characteristics, sorption ligand information, and surface complexation reactions. An extensive bibliography is included, providing links not only to the above listed data, but also to background information concerning surface complexation model theories, evidence for surface species, and sorption experimental techniques. 相似文献
46.
Israel Goldstein M.D. Peter Jakobi Gideon Shoshany Shlomo Filmer Ioseph Itskoviz Bar Maor 《黑龙江环境通报》1994,14(8):757-761
We add two cases of prenatally diagnosed late-onset isolated cystic hygroma to the eight cases reported previously in the English literature. The obstetrical significance, management, and outcome of this entity are reviewed. A retrospective study of late-onset isolated cystic hygromas delivered in one medical centre between 1978 and 1992 was made. The medical records of these newborns served as the basis of the present report. A Medline search of the English literature was carried out. Over a period of 15 years, we observed 11 cases of late-onset congenital isolated cystic hygroma, two of whom had prenatal sonographic diagnosis. In one case, a Caesarean section was performed due to a huge lesion. All cases underwent surgical excision with a favourable outcome. Of the eight prenatally diagnosed cases reported previously, one died at birth due to inability to ventilate and two required a tracheostomy. Late-onset isolated cystic hygroma should be differentiated from the early-onset nuchal cystic hygroma. The differential diagnosis is important, as late-onset isolated cystic hygroma does not require any prenatal intervention, but special awareness during labour and Caesarean section in extreme cases. Transport to a perinatal centre with expert neonatal, respiratory, and paediatric surgical care is recommended. The prognosis in general is favourable. 相似文献
47.
Carsten Daugbjerg Gert Tinggaard Svendsen 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2011,13(2):293-307
Government intervention in green infant industries may be justified as a strategy to increase the provision of public goods. How should government policies be designed to promote such industries? One way to analyse this question is to compare government intervention in green infant industries in which it has been successful with green infant industries in which it has been less successful. The Danish government has intervened intensively in the wind turbine industry and organic farming sector mainly for environmental reasons since 1992 and 1987, respectively, but with very different impacts. While the electricity market share of wind energy reached 20% in 2007, organic food consumption lags behind with a food market share of approximately 8.5% in 2007. This paper compares the packages of policy instruments applied in the two industrial sectors and assesses whether differences in instrument choice may explain the significant differences in market shares. It is demonstrated that government intervention in the wind turbine industry has emphasized the use of policy instruments designed to increase demand for wind energy, whereas organic farming policy has put more emphasis on instruments motivating farmers to increase supply. This may be an important factor explaining variance in growth. Finally, the paper analyses whether the lessons from government policy aimed at promoting the wind turbine industry can be transferred to organic farming policy. 相似文献
48.
Imposex was found in the Arctic whelk Buccinum finmarkianum at several marine stations off Thule Air Base, an US military facility in Northwest Greenland. This indicates a widespread contamination with the antifouling agents, tributyltin (TBT) or triphenyltin (TPhT) in the area, but such contamination was not supported by the organotin analyses in sediments, whelks and clams, which in general was below the analytical detection limit. Organotin concentrations above the detection limit were found only at one station close to a quay, where the highest frequency of imposex also occurred. This suggests that imposex in B. finmarkianum is a biomarker of TBT more sensitive than the detection limits, which the analytical chemistry could achieve in this study. 相似文献
49.
Caroline van der Salm Gert Jan Reinds Wim de Vries 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2004,4(2-3):175-190
As part of the UN-ECE Intensive Monitoring Program, data on precipitation, throughfall and soil solution concentrations are measured on a regular basis in approximately 300 forest stands. These data were used to construct element budgets for European forests. To construct such budgets drainage fluxes have to be modeled. In this paper, the research chain from model selection to data derivation and application of the selected model to 245 of the 300 sites is described. To select a suitable hydrological model the Cl- balance method, two capacity models (a multi and a single layer version) and a Darcy model have been applied to two forest sites. The results indicate that drainage fluxes calculated with the Darcy model are more accurate than fluxes derived with the capacity model, in particular in situations where water availability is limited. The Darcy model was applied to the sites using a mixture of generic data and site data. Despite the use of generic data, the calculated drainage fluxes appear feasible. Median transpiration fluxes were 350 mm and the lowest values are found in northern Europe and highest values are found in central Europe. Median drainage fluxes were 150 mm yr-1 with the highest values in areas with high rainfall. Uncertainty analyses indicate that the use of local instead of interpolated meteorological data leads to lower drainage fluxes at 70% of the sites. The median deviation in calculated drainage fluxes is 20 mm yr-1. The use of local soil data had little impact on the calculated fluxes. 相似文献
50.
Sheng Fulai Gary Flomenhoft Timothy J. Downs MaÁngeles Grande‐Ortiz Dana Graef Bert Scholtens Arthur P.J. Mol David A. Sonnenfeld Gert Spaargaren Rajeev K. Goel Edward W.T. Hsieh Serban Scrieciu Reinhard Steurer Christine Polzin Genia Kostka Tiho Ancev Elke Pirgmaier Frank Boons Karl‐Henrik Robèrt Christopher Bryant Ke Zhou Surya Raj Acharya David Huberman Denis J. Sonwa Michelle Mycoo Dabo Guan Klaus Hubacek U. Rashid Sumaila Hector G. Lopez‐Ruiz G. Jason Jolley Michael L. Dougherty André Francisco Pilon Ravi Prakash Tulus Tambunan Sebastian Hermann 《Natural resources forum》2011,35(1):63-72