基于ZrO2/TiO2催化H2O2氧化低温脱硝的实验研究

以纳米TiO_2为载体,采用等体积浸渍法掺杂过渡金属氧化物ZrO_2进行改性,制备了一系列ZrO_2/TiO_2催化剂,以催化H_2O_2低温氧化NO脱硝,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、H_2程序升温还原(H_2-TPR)、O_2程序升温氧化(O_2-TPO)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)及电子顺磁共振(EPR)等表征分析探究了影响H_2O_2脱硝活性的因素.表征结果表明ZrO_2的负载量会影响催化剂中晶格氧的含量,晶格氧相对含量的增加有利于氧化还原反应中的电子传递,这是促进H_2O_2活化分解的关键.在微观表征的基础上,通过实验研究筛选获得了催化剂的最佳ZrO_2负载量,同时对比考察了非催化和纳米TiO_2催化作用下的H_2O_2氧化低温脱硝性能;针对获取的最优催化剂,进一步考察了不同烟气工况对催化剂活性的影响.实验结果表明,ZrO_2/TiO_2催化剂能有效促进H_2O_2的活化分解实现低温脱硝,且ZrO_2负载量为4%(质量分数)时,催化活性最高;在烟温为160℃、[H_2O_2]/[NO]物质的量比为2及空速为30000 h~(-1)时,NO转化率最高可达81%.     

乐清湾水质变化及其成因探讨

收集了乐清湾多年的水质监测资料，分析了乐清湾各水质指标在时间和空间上的变化规律。在此基础上，分别从乐清湾外部污染源变化，海岸工程引起的水动力变化和水产养殖业产生的内部污染源的变化等几方面，对乐清湾水质变化的原因进行了探讨。     

高炉矿槽移动卸料车粉尘治理技术开发及应用

原宣钢1~#高炉矿槽料仓移动卸料小车作业时岗位粉尘浓度严重超标。为改善现场工作环境,在移动卸料车上选用车载滤筒型除尘设备进行粉尘治理,取得了较好的效果。     

石油类物质的湿沉降及其对区域水环境的影响:以正构烷烃为指示物

为评估含有机污染物的湿沉降对区域水环境污染的贡献,在广州市3个采样点(海珠区、天河区和萝岗区)采集了2010年湿沉降样品(157个),并在天河点采集了12个干沉降、11个地表径流及10个气溶胶样品,并对其中指示化合物正构烷烃的浓度、来源和通量进行分析.正构烷烃(包括从C20—C34的15种同系物)总浓度范围为0.6—292μg·L-1;从季节上看,其在雨季(4—9月)的浓度低于旱季(1—3月和10—12月).碳优势指数和主成分分析结果表明,广州市的正构烷烃主要来源于石油产品的消费(50%),暗示石油产品消耗是主要污染源;其次来自植物排放(38%).此外,广州市在2010年有55±80 t(平均值±标准偏差)正构烷烃经干沉降和湿沉降至地表,其中湿沉降的贡献为39±80 t.同时,大约有224±296 t正构烷烃通过地表径流进入到珠江,反映了面源污染对区域水环境影响很大.因此,控制石油产品的消费和治理地表径流,是抑制面源污染、改善区域水环境的两个途径.     

甘肃省城市旅游效率发展态势研究——基于2005-2012年甘肃省14个市州的面板数据

运用包括数据包络分析,采用Arcgis9.3,DEAP2.1,OnFront2.01等在内的统计软件对2005-2012年甘肃省14个市州的面板数据,对旅游效率进行分析.研究发现:将总效率分解成纯技术效率、规模效率和利用效率,各市州的总效率和分解效率历年均值均较高,纯技术效率和利用效率出现下降趋势,规模效率呈现上升;自2006年起,经过六年的发展,甘肃71.43％的市州旅游效率到2012年呈现上升趋势;根据旅游效率的大小和变化将旅游效率演进模式分为盘旋式、爬升式、稳定式和跳跃式,57.14％的城市属于盘旋式.     

Antimony: a traffic-related element in the atmosphere of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Vehicular traffic is one of the main sources of antimony in highly populated urban areas like Buenos Aires where an overall traffic density of 1 500 000 vehicles per day (corresponding to 7500 vehicles km(-2)) is estimated. In this context, a study was undertaken to ascertain the levels of Sb and other traffic-related elements (TRE) in the atmosphere of this city. To this end, sixty-seven samples of PM-10 particulate matter were collected during eight days in nine representative sampling sites located downtown Buenos Aires and spread over an area of about 30 km2. The collection of particulate matter was performed on ash-free glass-fibre filters using high volume samplers with PM-10 sampling heads. A combination of aqua regia and perchloric acid was used for leaching metals from filters. The resulting solutions were evaporated and then diluted with 0.1 mol l(-1) HCl. Antimony was determined by inductively coupled plasma-quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS) at ng g(-1) levels. Concentrations of Sb varied from 12.9 +/- 0.9 to 375 +/- 23 microg g(-1)(equivalent to 0.87 +/- 0.06 to 15.3 +/- 0.8 ng m(-3)). Statistical analysis was performed on the data set including the measured PM-10 mass and Sb concentrations for the monitored period. Correlations of Sb with other TRE namely, Cu and Mo were also assessed. The highest concentrations of Sb were detected at two sites (Hospital Alemán and Casa Rapallini) located in streets with traffic consisting mostly of passenger cars and showing a "stop-and-go" pattern in peak hours. Antimony levels in the Buenos Aires PM-10 are by far below the level of 0.5 mg m(-3)(for an 8 hour workday, 40 hour work week) set by the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for occupational exposure. However, monitoring of Sb and other TRE should be carried out in a systematic fashion to detect the possibility of increases in from the present levels.     

陶瓷管表面NaHCO3粉体干法脱硫研究

探讨Na HCO3的加热分解特性并将其负载于陶瓷管表面进行了脱硫实验研究,发现Na HCO3在合理的灼烧温度下将在热分解为Na2CO3的过程中形成多孔结构,可在没有液相水存在的情况下成功实现SO2去除,灼烧温度过高则发生颗粒烧结从而降低脱硫效果;进口气流SO2浓度150 ppm的情况下,陶瓷管表面厚度仅仅50μm的Na HCO3粉体可以在20~40 min内将出口气流中的SO2限制在17.5 ppm(50 mg/m^3)的超净排放限值以下。Na HCO3作为干法脱硫剂可在不明显提高烟气湿度和降低其温度的条件下成功实现脱硫,结合陶瓷过滤管的除尘作用,有望实现烟气的深度除尘和脱硫操作的一体化。     

Gaseous emissions from the combustion of a waste mixture containing a high concentration of N2O

This paper is focused on reducing the emissions from the combustion of a waste mixture containing a high concentration of N2O. A rate model and an equilibrium model were used to predict gaseous emissions from the combustion of the mixture. The influences of temperature and methane were considered, and the experimental research was carried out in a tabular reactor and a pilot combustion furnace. The results showed that for the waste mixture, the combustion temperature should be in the range of 950-1100 degrees C and the gas residence time should be 2s or higher to reduce emissions.     

按照循环经济发展理念建设宁东能源化工基地

宁东能源化工基地被列为国家13个规划建设的特大型煤炭基地之一,是全国能源基地的重要组成部分.介绍了宁东能源化工基地开发总体规划的基本情况,提出规化建设过程中存在的问题,并针对这些问题,提出具体的改进建议.     

不同灌水条件下冬小麦的产量、水分利用与氮素利用特点

了解不同灌水量(次数)处理条件下华北平原地区冬小麦的产量形成、氮素利用与水分利用的特点.在大田相同的施肥量与施肥方式、播前浇底墒水750m3.hm-2条件下,设置春季不灌水、春季灌2水(拔节+开花)和春季灌4水(起身+孕穗+开花+灌浆)3个水分处理(每次灌水定额750 m3.hm-2),分析了不同灌水量(次数)对植株氮素吸收利用、产量、土壤水分动态及利用效率的影响.冬小麦生育期内总耗水量和开花后耗水量均表现为随灌水次数(量)增加而增大的趋势,但耗土壤水量却随灌水增加而显著减少.春季灌水处理的经济产量均显著高于春季不灌水处理,但春灌2水和春灌4水之间无显著差异.水分利用效率(WUE)在春不灌水和春灌2水间无显著差异.但它们均显著高于春季灌4水处理.植株总吸氮量均随着灌水次数(灌水量)的增加而呈现出上升的趋势,春灌2水和灌4水处理的总吸氮量无显著差异,但它们均显著大于不灌水处理.氮素生理效率和氮素收获指数随灌水量(次数)增加略有下降,不同灌水处理之间并无显著差异.春灌2水处理相对春季不灌水处理显著提高了经济产量和植株总吸氮量,水分利用效率并没有明显下降;与春灌4水处理相比,经济产量和植株总吸氮量没有明显降低.但水分利用效率和水分边际效益显著提高.冬小麦节水栽培(春灌2水)有利于节水、氮素高效利用和高产的实现.