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51.
Fisher CR MacDonald IR Sassen R Young CM Macko SA Hourdez S Carney RS Joye S McMullin E 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2000,87(4):184-187
During a research cruise in July 1997 in the Gulf of Mexico we discovered a gas hydrate approximately 1 m thick and over
2 m in diameter which had recently breached the sea floor at a depth of 540 m. The hydrate surface visible from the submarine
was considerably greater than that of any other reported hydrate. Two distinct color bands of hydrate were present in the
same mound, and the entire exposed surface of the hydrate was infested (2500 individuals/m2) with 2 to 4 cm-long worms, since described as a new species, Hesiocaeca
methanicola, in the polychaete family Hesionidae (Desbruyères and Toulmond 1998). H.
methanicola tissue stable isotope values are consistent with a chemoautotrophic food source. No evidence of chemoautotrophic symbionts
was detected, but geochemical data support the presence of abundant free living bacteria on the hydrate. The activities of
the polychaetes, grazing on the hydrate bacteria and supplying oxygen to their habitats, appears to contribute to the dissolution
of hydrates in surface sediments.
Received: 16 August 1999 / Accepted in revised form: 19 January 2000 相似文献
52.
MacDonald LH 《Environmental management》2000,26(3):299-315
Since any proposed activity could contribute to a wide range of potential CEs at different spatial and temporal scales, a
tiered or nested approach should be followed to assess CEs. The difficulty of assessing and predicting CEs also suggests that
in many cases the most efficient approach is to focus on minimizing on-site impacts. Under some circumstances adaptive management
can also be a viable alternative to detailed CE assessments. Regular monitoring and feedback is critical to the successful
management and regulation of CEs. 相似文献
53.
Borgmann U Grapentine L Norwood WP Bird G Dixon DG Lindeman D 《Chemosphere》2005,61(11):1740-3; author reply 1744-5
54.
Glen E. Kreiner 《组织行为杂志》2006,27(4):485-507
This study demonstrates how the interaction between an individual's work‐home segmentation preference and the perceived segmentation provided by the workplace affects work‐home conflict (WHC), stress, and job satisfaction. Using a person‐environment (P‐E) fit theoretical base and methodology, data from 325 employees in a wide variety of occupations and organizations illustrate significant fit effects on these outcomes. Results from polynomial regression and response surface methodology highlight important asymmetric effects found in these P‐E fit relationships. By demonstrating the asymmetric results of fit effects, the findings challenge previous research, which has typically advocated an integration of work and home in order to ameliorate role conflict and stress. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
55.
Many facets of coral research require coral colony surface area estimates. This study developed a relationship between the
two-dimensional (2D) projected area and the three-dimensional (3D) whole colony surface area for two commonly studied Indo-Pacific
coral species: Pocillopora damicornis and Stylophora pistillata. The surface index function was used to measure the growth of colonies in situ around Heron reef on the southern Great Barrier
Reef. The results show that while growth between the two species was not significantly different when measured in two dimensions,
the 3D area showed significantly different growth rates with S. pistillata growing at almost double the rate of P. damicornis. The study demonstrates that it is possible to make reliable estimates of the 3D surface area of entire colonies of these
complex branching coral species, using the plan view of the coral and a pre-determined surface index function. In addition,
this study shows that the 3D surface area provides a more useful measure of colony growth than the traditional methods of
either 2D area or longest dimension. 相似文献
56.
Glen D. Johnson 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2008,15(3):293-311
Infectious disease surveillance has become an international top priority due to the perceived risk of bioterrorism. This is
driving the improvement of real-time geo-spatial surveillance systems for monitoring disease indicators, which is expected
to have many benefits beyond detecting a bioterror event. West Nile Virus surveillance in New York State (USA) is highlighted
as a working system that uses dead American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) to prospectively indicate viral activity prior to human onset. A cross-disciplinary review is then presented to argue that
this system, and infectious disease surveillance in general, can be improved by complementing spatial cluster detection of
an outcome variable with predictive “risk mapping” that incorporates spatiotemporal data on the environment, climate and human
population through the flexible class of generalized linear mixed models.
相似文献
Glen D. JohnsonEmail: |
57.
58.
Individual based model of slug population and spatial dynamics 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Y.H. Choi D.A. Bohan R.P.J. Potting M.A. Semenov D.M. Glen 《Ecological modelling》2006,190(3-4):336-350
The slug, Deroceras reticulatum, is one of the most important pests of agricultural and horticultural crops in UK and Europe. In this paper, a spatially explicit individual based model (IbM) is developed to study the dynamics of a population of D. reticulatum. The IbM establishes a virtual field within which slug spatial dynamics and changes in abundance were simulated. The strong dependence of slug behaviour on environmental conditions is built into the model, which is based upon previous work on the environmental dependence of slug population dynamics. The simulation results show that the IbM described well changes in the slug population. The IbM proved capable of describing slug populations over 3.5 years, including the presence, magnitude and duration of D. reticulatum population crashes within this period. Moreover, the model was capable of reproducing slug population dynamics at two sites, with distinct weather and some 100 km apart, with minor changes in initialisation values but no change in model structure and parameter values. A study of field heterogeneity, which might simulate various field designs, indicated the importance of spatial structuring to slug population dynamics and the utility of the IbM for simulating a range of potential spatial management treatments for slug control to maximise crop yield. This IbM system performs well and is currently being used as part of an integrated approach to predict slug population dynamics and control in the UK. 相似文献
59.
John MacDonald 《Journal of environmental psychology》1983,3(3):287-291
60.