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181.
Characterization and control of odorous gases at a landfill site: a case study in Hangzhou, China 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Ying D Chuanyu C Bin H Yueen X Xuejuan Z Yingxu C Weixiang W 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2012,32(2):317-326
Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are one of the major sources of offensive odors potentially creating annoyance in adjacent communities. At the end of May 2007, an odor pollution incident occurred at the Tianziling landfill site, Hangzhou, China, where the residents lodged complaints about the intense odor from the landfill, which drew a significant attention from the government. In this study, ambient air monitoring was conducted at the Tianziling landfill site. The main odor composition of the gas samples collected on June 1st 2007 and the reduction of various odorous gases from the samples collected on June 1st 2009 due to the applied odor control techniques were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition, variations of primary odorous gaseous (NH3 and H2S) concentrations at different locations in the landfill site from July 2007 to June 2009 were also investigated by using classical spectrophotometric methods. Results showed that a total of 68 volatile compounds were identified among which H2S (56.58-579.84 μg/m3) and NH3 (520-4460 μg/m3) were the notable odor components contributing to 4.47-10.92% and 83.91-93.94% of total concentrations, respectively. Similar spatial and temporal shifts of H2S and NH3 concentrations were observed and were significantly affected by environmental factors including temperature, air pressure and wind direction. Odor pollution was worse when high temperature, high humidity, low air pressure, and southeast, northeast or east wind appeared. Moreover, the environmental sampling points of the dumping area and the leachate treatment plant were found to be the main odor sources at the Tianziling landfill site. The odor control technologies used in this project had a good mitigating effect on the primary odorous compounds. This study provides long-term valuable information concerning the characteristics and control of odors at landfill sites in a long run. 相似文献
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本文简述了朝阳市农村能源的种类、数量及能源消耗状况,分析了农村能源在供需过程中存在的主要问题,并提出了相应的防治对策。 相似文献
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Yusheng Wang Zhiguo Pei Xiaoquan Shan Guangcai Chen Jing Zhang Yaning Xie Lirong Zheng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(1):112-118
The mutual e ects of metal cations (Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+) and p-nitrophenol (NP) on their adsorption desorption behavior
onto wheat ash were studied. Results suggested that Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+ diminished the adsorption and increased the desorption of
NP remarkably, while Cd2+ had no such e ect. In contrast, NP diminished the adsorption of Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+ onto ash, however,
this suppression e ect depended on the initial concentrations of metal cations. NP had no e ect on Cd2+ adsorption on ash. Fourier
transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) studies suggested the following mechanisms responsible for the
metal suppression e ect on NP adsorption: (1) large hydrated Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+ shells occupied the surface of ash and prevent
nonspecific adsorption of NP onto ash surface; (2) Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+ may block the micropores of ash, resulting in decreased
adsorption of NP; (3) complexation of Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+ was likely via carboxyl, hydroxylic and phenolic groups of wheat ash and
these same groups may also react with NP during adsorption. As a “soft acid”, Cd2+ is less e cient in the complexation of oxygencontaining
acid groups than Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+. Thus, Cd2+ had no e ect on the adsorption of NP on wheat ash. 相似文献
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九龙江口桐花树红树林对重金属的吸收与累积 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
探讨了福建九龙江口桐花树红树林对CU、Ph、Zn、Cd、Mn元素的吸收、累积及分布.结果表明:该林地土壤5种元素的储量关系为Mn>Zn>Ph>CU≥Cd;植物体不同部位,各元素含量有着明显的差异,含量范围分别为Ch1.51~5.70、Pb1.30~10.70、Zn18.0~100.1、Cd0.04~0.23和Mn15.5~237.5(w/10-6);植物对土壤元素的富集系数大小依次为Cd>Zn>Mn>Cu>Ph;群落现存生物量中,CU、Pb、Zn、Cd、Mn元素的现存累积量分别为16.56、63.30、445.05、1.14和1656.93(ρA/mg·m-2).其中,地下部分别占70.2%、81.8%、76.2%、72.2%和82.1%;林地残留物相应元素的储量分别为211.11、184.00、1941.69、6.19和22248.31(ρA/μg·m-2). 相似文献
188.
会稽山古香榧群农业多功能价值评估 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
香榧(Torreya grandis cv.Merrillii)是我国古老的原产树种和世界稀有的经济树种,目前会稽山古香榧群已列为全球重要农业文化遗产和中国重要农业文化遗产候选地.利用农业多功能多维评价模型并结合会稽山古香榧群的特点,从经济功能、生物多样性保护功能、农业景观保留功能、农业文化传承功能和生态环境保护功能5个方面,对会稽山古香榧群进行综合评价.结果表明,会稽山古香榧群的农业文化传承功能指数值最高,为1,生态环境保护功能和农业景观保留功能指数分别为0.85和0.43,经济功能值和生物多样性保护功能指数值比较低,分别为0.25和0.29.说明会稽山古香榧群的主导功能是农业文化传承功能,其次是生态环境保护功能和农业景观保留功能. 相似文献
189.
几种天然矿物去除苯酚效果及日光光解效应评价 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
本文以四种天然矿物为受试矿物,评价了它们去除苯酚的效果,以及日光光解放应及温度,PH值,矿物浓度,苯酚初始浓度对去除效果的影响。 相似文献
190.
依据经济合作与发展组织(OECD)关于定量结构-活性关系(QSAR)模型构建和使用导则,将780个有机化合物,以4:1的比例随机划分为训练集(624个化合物)和验证集(156个化合物),通过多元线性回归(MLR)方法构建了一个包含12个描述符的有机化合物鱼类生物富集因子(BCF)的QSAR模型。QSAR模型的调整决定系数R2ad j=0.809,去一法交叉验证系数Q2LOO=0.803,外部验证系数Q2EXT=0.732,表明模型具有较好的拟合优度、稳健性和预测能力。采用欧几里德距离方法表征模型应用域,通过威廉姆斯图分析模型离群点,并对模型进行机理解释。所构建的模型,可以用于预测应用域内有机化学品的生物富集因子。 相似文献