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排序方式: 共有735条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
21.
Murciego AM Sánchez AG González MA Gil EP Gordillo CT Fernández JC Triguero TB 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2007,145(1):15-21
A study about topsoil antimony distribution and mobility from the soils to the biomass has been afforded in three abandoned Sb mining areas located at Extremadura. Physico-chemical characteristics of the soils and total antimony levels were measured in soils and autochthonous plant species (Cytisus striatus, Cistus ladanifer and Dittrichia viscosa). Comparison with corresponding values in reference areas isolated from the mining activities is discussed. Antimony mobility in the soils was estimated by measuring the water extractable fraction; low results were obtained for the three soil areas, with no statistical differences. Plant ability to accumulate antimony was estimated by use of plant accumulation coefficients (PAC). Seasonal (spring vs. autumn) effects on the antimony content in the plant species. Cytisus striatus from Mari Rosa mine presented antimony excluder characteristics, whereas Dittrichia viscosa specimens growing in San Antonio mine showed a significant antimony bioaccumulation. 相似文献
22.
The planning and management of coastal sites in Catalonia has been mainly concerned with rendering beaches functional for
mass frequentation. This has caused serious problems for the beaches, including the alteration of dune formation processes
and the destruction of beach vegetation and habitats. Municipal capacity to plan and manage beaches is theoretically very
limited and relegated to the design of plans related to the maintenance of facilities for beach users. Nonetheless, a singular
experience, led by a local council in the metropolitan area of Barcelona demonstrates the crucial role that a local administration
can play in achieving a balance between habitat preservation and social use based on sustainable coastal management objectives,
in spite of a restrictive legislation. 相似文献
23.
Ester Heath Marjeta Česen Noelia Negreira Miren Lopez de Alda Laura Ferrando-Climent Lucie Blahova Tung Viet Nguyen Mohamed Adahchour Achim Ruebel Neville Llewellyn Janez Ščančar Srdjan Novaković Vesna Mislej Marjeta Stražar Damià Barceló Tina Kosjek 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(15):14692-14704
The results of an inter-laboratory comparison exercise to determine cytostatic anticancer drug residues in surface water, hospital wastewater and wastewater treatment plant effluent are reported. To obtain a critical number of participants, an invitation was sent out to potential laboratories identified to have the necessary knowledge and instrumentation. Nine laboratories worldwide confirmed their participation in the exercise. The compounds selected (based on the extent of use and laboratories capabilities) included cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, 5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine, etoposide, methotrexate and cisplatinum. Samples of spiked waste (hospital and wastewater treatment plant effluent) and surface water, and additional non-spiked hospital wastewater, were prepared by the organising laboratory (Jo?ef Stefan Institute) and sent out to each participant partner for analysis. All analytical methods included solid phase extraction (SPE) and the use of surrogate/internal standards for quantification. Chemical analysis was performed using either liquid or gas chromatography mass (MS) or tandem mass (MS/MS) spectrometry. Cisplatinum was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A required minimum contribution of five laboratories meant that only cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, methotrexate and etoposide could be included in the statistical evaluation. z-score and Q test revealed 3 and 4 outliers using classical and robust approach, respectively. The smallest absolute differences between the spiked values and the measured values were observed in the surface water matrix. The highest within-laboratory repeatability was observed for methotrexate in all three matrices (CV?≤?12 %). Overall, inter-laboratory reproducibility was poor for all compounds and matrices (CV 27–143 %) with the only exception being methotrexate measured in the spiked hospital wastewater (CV?=?8 %). Random and total errors were identified by means of Youden plots. 相似文献
24.
Tina Kosjek Noelia Negreira Ester Heath Miren López de Alda Damià Barceló 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(15):14706-14717
Etoposide susceptibility to microbiological breakdown was studied in a batch biotransformation system, in the presence or absence of artificial wastewater containing nutrients, salts and activated sludge at two concentration levels. The primary focus of the present study was to study etoposide transformation products by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Data-dependent experiments combining full-scan MS data with product ion spectra were acquired to identify the molecular ions of etoposide transformation products, to propose the molecular formulae and to elucidate their chemical structures. Due to the complexity of the matrix, visual inspection of the chromatograms showed no clear differences between the controls and the treated samples. Therefore, the software package MZmine was used to facilitate the identification of the transformation products and speed up the data analysis. In total, we propose five transformation products; among them, four are described as etoposide transformation products for the first time. Even though the chemical structures of these new compounds cannot be confirmed due to the lack of standards, their molecular formulae can be used to target them in monitoring studies. 相似文献
25.
Lauren Withycombe Keeler Arnim Wiek Daniel J. Lang Makoto Yokohari John van Breda Lennart Olsson Barry Ness Jordi Morato Jordi Segalàs Pim Martens Luis A. Bojórquez-Tapia James Evans 《Sustainability Science》2016,11(5):749-762
A promising approach for addressing sustainability problems is to recognize the unique conditions of a particular place, such as problem features and solution capabilities, and adopt and adapt solutions developed at other places around the world. Therefore, research and teaching in international networks becomes critical, as it allows for accelerating learning by sharing problem understandings, successful solutions, and important contextual considerations. This article identifies eight distinct types of research and teaching collaborations in international networks that can support such accelerated learning. The four research types are, with increasing intensity of collaboration: (1) solution adoption; (2) solution consultation; (3) joint research on different problems; and (4) joint research on similar problems. The four teaching types are, with increasing intensity of collaboration: (1) adopted course; (2) course with visiting faculty; (3) joint course with traveling faculty; and (4) joint course with traveling students. The typology is illustrated by extending existing research and teaching projects on urban sustainability in the International Network of Programs in Sustainability, with partner universities from Europe, North America, Asia, and Africa. The article concludes with challenges and strategies for extending individual projects into collaborations in international networks. 相似文献
26.
Effects of the forced ventilation on composting of a solid olive-mill by-product ("alperujo") managed by mechanical turning 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cegarra J Alburquerque JA Gonzálvez J Tortosa G Chaw D 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2006,26(12):1377-1383
The evaluation of the most suitable aeration technology for olive-mill by-product "alperujo" (AL) composting was carried out by using two identical piles prepared by mixing AL with a bulking agent (fresh cow bedding) and a mature compost (as inoculant). Forced ventilation was employed in conjunction with mechanical turning in one of the piles, whereas only mechanical turning was used in the other pile. These two treatment methods were evaluated by assessing process efficiency and end-product quality. The results show that the composting process was completed in less time when forced ventilation was coupled with mechanical turning. A slight delay in the evolution of pH, C/N ratio, and biodegradation of fats and organic matter was observed when only turning was employed. However, the recommended method for composting AL was mechanical turning without forced ventilation since the composition of the end-product in this case was comparable to the composted AL using forced ventilation coupled with mechanical turning. Furthermore, there were substantial economic savings by selecting mechanical turning alone, which included capital costs for equipment. 相似文献
27.
Conti Marcelo Enrique Plà Rita Simone Cristina Jasan Raquel Finoia Maria Grazia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(31):38819-38834
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aims to investigate the airborne elements’ deposition by using native Usnea barbata lichens as biomonitors in the forested areas of... 相似文献
28.
Although studies on environmental conflicts have engaged with the subject of violence, a multidimensional approach has been lacking. Using data from 95 environmental conflicts in Central America, we show how different forms of violence appear and overlap. We focus on direct, structural, cultural, slow, and ecological forms of violence. Results suggest that the common understanding of violence in environmental conflicts as a direct event in time and space is only the tip of the iceberg and that violence can reach not only environmental defenders, but also communities, nature, and the sustainability of their relations. 相似文献
29.
G. Dongarrà E. Manno D. Varrica M. Lombardo M. Vultaggio 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(39):5244-5257
This study provides the first comprehensive report on mass concentrations of particulate matter of various sizes, inorganic and organic gas concentrations monitored at three sampling sites in the city of Palermo (Sicily, Italy). It also provides information on the water-soluble species and trace elements. A total of 2054 PM10 (1333) and PM2.5 (721) daily measurements were collected from November 2006 to February 2008. The highest mass concentrations were observed at the urban stations, average values being about two times higher than those at the suburban (control) site. Time variations in PM10 and also PM10–2.5 were observed at the urban stations, the highest concentrations being measured in autumn and winter. CO, NOx, NO2, benzene, toluene and o-xylene concentrations peaked in autumn and winter, a pattern similar to those recorded for PM10 and PM10–2.5 mass levels, indicating the importance of traffic emissions in urban air pollution. 91% and 51% of the benzene measurements exceeded the limit of 5 μg m?3 at the two urban monitoring sites. Trace elements (As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Mo, Pb, Sb) suspected of being introduced into the atmosphere mainly by anthropogenic activities, were highly enriched with respect to local soil. Results indicate that a large fraction of PM10 (31–47% in weight) and PM2.5 (29% in weight) is made up of water-soluble ions. Ammonium sulphate and nitrate particles accounted for 14–29 wt% of particulate matter mass concentrations. Crustal and marine components, combined, account for 41% and 49% in PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. The calculated deficits in Cl- and NH4+ ions suggest that a proportion of these ions are lost, via the formation of gaseous NH4Cl or HCl and NH3. 相似文献
30.
Southern Chile encompasses one of the most extensive fjord regions of the world, the Patagonia, currently exposed to natural
and anthropogenic perturbations. These fjord ecosystems provide important services to humans, which have not been adequately
measured and valued. As a consequence, ecosystem services are commonly ignored in public policy design and in the evaluation
of development projects. Here we tackle questions that are highly relevant for the nation’s development, namely (1) understanding
fjord functioning, and (2) developing management strategies based on ecosystem services, in order to secure simultaneous and
adequate use of these ecosystems which area influenced by ecological (e.g., biogeochemical) and productive (e.g., aquaculture,
fisheries) processes. We also seek to strengthen the analysis of fjord ecosystem value from the economical (including coastal
zoning), socio-cultural, institutional, and governmental points of view. In addition, the investigation of current and future
effects of climate change on this large region offers a unique opportunity to understand the social and economic consequences
of a global phenomenon at local to regional scales. Biogeochemical and socio-economic models will be used to simulate future
scenarios under a gamut of management options. 相似文献