Status of water use and potential of rainwater harvesting for replacing centralized supply system in remote mountainous areas: a case study

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The failure of the centralized water supply system forced XY community to become more dependent on uncertain and unstable water sources. The results...     

Concentrations,spatial distribution,and pollution assessment of heavy metals in surficial sediments from upstream of Yellow River,China

Surface sediments were collected from 122 sites in the upstream of the Yellow River, China. The concentration of Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cr, Pb, and Cd in sediments was investigated to explore the spatial distribution based on statistics and interpolation method. The results suggested that the concentrations of heavy metals were lower than potential effect levels (PEL). The samples above threshold effect level (TEL) for Pb and Zn were less than 10%, while almost 50% of samples for Ni exceeded PEL. Pb and Zn in sediments performed little or no adverse effects on the aquatic ecosystems. Higher concentrations of all heavy metals occurred in Qinghai and Gansu sections; the concentrations of Cu, Ni, and Zn were significantly higher than the Inner Mongolia section. Lower concentration of Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, and Zn appeared in Qinghai section; the concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cr, and Pb manifested relatively steady and similar distributions and approximately decreasing tendency along the upstream of Yellow River.

     

A multi-emission analysis of organic and inorganic pollutants during the combustion of sludge with high and low calorific value coals

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To achieve allowable gas emission limits and eliminate the high cost and challenges associated with pre-treatment of sludge before incineration, a new...     

Light absorption enhancement of particulate matters and their source apportionment over the Asian continental outflow site and South Yellow Sea

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Light absorption enhancement of black carbon due to the aerosol mixing states is an important parameterization for climate modeling, while emission...     

重庆缙云山4种典型植被覆盖下汞的释放通量及影响因素

为了揭示不同植被覆盖下土壤/大气界面释汞通量及其交换特征,在缙云山国家级自然保护区内选择4种典型植被覆盖类型(常绿阔叶林、楠竹林、灌木林以及草地)为研究对象,连续同步监测不同植被覆盖下土/气界面汞释放通量,同时考察各环境因子对土壤释汞的影响.结果表明,缙云山在4种不同植被覆盖下土壤汞释放通量具有明显的差异,总体表现为楠竹林[17.77 ng·(m~2·h)~(-1)]草地[17.58 ng·(m~2·h)~(-1)]灌木林[16.87 ng·(m~2·h)~(-1)]常绿阔叶林[14.32 ng·(m~2·h)~(-1)];不同植被覆盖下土壤释汞通量在季节变化上呈现相似的规律性,但不同植被覆盖类型之间也存在明显差异,主要体现在暖季汞释放通量高于冷季;缙云山地区不同林植被覆盖下土壤释汞通量存在明显的日变化;气象因素光照强度、气温、土温和相对湿度,对土/气界面汞释放通量影响也不相同,气温为常绿阔叶林,灌木林与楠竹林的主要影响因子,光照强度为草地的主要影响因子.     

Quantum chemical investigation on photodegradation mechanisms of sulfamethoxypyridazine with dissolved inorganic matter and hydroxyl radical

Sulfamethoxypyridazine(SMP) is one of the commonly used sulfonamide antibiotics(SAs).SAs are mainly studied to undergo triplet-sensitized photodegradation in water under natural sunlight with other coexisting aquatic environmental organic pollutants.In this work,SMP was selected as a representative of SAs.We studied the mechanisms of triplet-sensitized photodegradation of SMP and the influence of selected dissolved inorganic matter,i.e.,anions(Br~-,Cl~-,and NO~-_3) and cations ions(Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+),and Zn~(2+)) on SMP photodegradation mechanism by quantum chemical methods.In addition,the degradation mechanisms of SMP by hydroxyl radical(OH·) were also investigated.The creation of SO_2 extrusion product was accessed with two different energy pathways(pathway-1 and pathway-2) by following two steps(step-I and step-II) in the tripletsensitized photodegradation of SMP.Due to low activation energy,the pathway-1 was considered as the main pathway to obtain SO_2 extrusion product.Step-II of pathway-1 was measured to be the rate-limiting step(RLS) of SMP photodegradation mechanism and the effect of the selected anions and cations was estimated for this step.All selected anions and cations promoted photodegradation of SMP by dropping the activation energy of pathway-1.The estimated low activation energies of different degradation pathways of SMP with OH·radical indicate that OH·radical is a very powerful oxidizing agent for SMP degradation via attack through benzene derivative and pyridazine derivative ring.     

煤制烯烃废水处理与回用技术解析

针对煤制烯烃项目废水的来源及水质特点,从生化处理技术与回用处理技术方面阐述了煤制烯烃废水处理现状及存在问题,展望了煤制烯烃废水处理与回用技术未来发展方向,指出了新型脱氮工艺、膜集成工艺及分质结晶技术在煤制烯烃废水处理中的可行性,为煤化工废水处理与资源化利用提供理论参考。     

焙烧温度对CeO_2(ZrO_2)/TiO_2选择性催化脱硝性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法并以不同温度焙烧制备一系列CeO_2(ZrO_2)/TiO_2(CZT)催化剂,考察了CZT催化剂固相结构、酸量、比表面积等性能与催化活性的关系。采用XRD、BET、NH3-TPD、H2-TPR以及XPS等表征技术对催化剂进行表征。结果表明:焙烧温度为450℃时CZT催化剂具有最高的催化活性,其在240~400℃的温度窗口内活性均高于90%,且具有较好的抗水和抗硫中毒能力。随着焙烧温度的提高,催化剂表面的Ce和Zr原子进入体相晶格且Ce0.5Zr0.5O2向Ce0.75Zr0.25O2转变,导致催化剂的储释氧能力和氧化还原性能降低。另外,锐钛矿和金红石型TiO_2晶粒尺寸的增加,催化剂的有效比表面积和总酸量降低,因此CZT催化活性随着焙烧温度的提高而有所降低。换言之,大的比表面积、良好的氧化还原性能、表面Ce4+的富集以及酸性位的增多均有利于NH3-SCR活性的提高。     

海平面上升叠加风暴潮对2050年中国海洋经济的影响研究

本研究基于ArcGIS的淹没模型与夜光遥感的GDP空间化处理结果,同时结合对2050年中国海洋经济增长预测,评估海平面上升叠加风暴潮三种情景对中国沿海各省市海洋经济的影响效应。模拟结果表明:海平面上升叠加风暴潮与天文潮的CHmax-0.3 m情景下全国海洋经济损失最大,2050年损失达到35444.59亿元,占海洋生产总值的9.39%;从2050年各省海洋经济损失比例来看（CHmax-0.3 m情景）,辽宁省损失比例最大,其次为广东省,福建省和广西省;从各省海洋经济损失的绝对值来看,在海平面上升0.3 m的三种情景下,广东、辽宁、江苏、山东均为海洋经济损失绝对值最大的四个省份。     

双层内衬改造技术在埋地油罐中的应用研究

介绍了共结构双层内衬改造技术,其结构共由5层组成,分别为基础层(防腐层和加强密封层组成)、中空监测层、内衬加强层、防油防腐层和导静电层;采用该技术可对加油站埋地单层钢制油罐进行双层改造,经过罐内清洗、喷砂除锈、基础层施工、中空监测层施工、内衬加强层施工、防油防腐层施工、导静电层施工和整个系统气密性的保压检测,完成双层内衬油罐的现场改造;采用GB30040规定的Ⅰ级真空泄漏监测方法,可以在油品泄漏前报警,实现埋地油罐整体安全水平的提升,具有重要的现实意义。