新型喷射鼓泡塔与传统鼓泡塔脱硫的性能比较

以磷矿浆为脱硫剂进行烟气脱硫研究,比较了自主创新研制的中试规模环栅式喷射鼓泡塔与工业规模的日本千代田CT-121脱硫鼓泡塔的性能。结果表明:塔压降和脱硫剂的pH值是影响脱硫效率的关键因素。鼓泡塔采用三塔串联,控制磷矿浆pH值为3.5~4.2、操作压力为7 000~7 800 Pa时,脱硫效率维持在95%左右。环栅式喷射鼓泡塔维持单塔压降约在3 000 Pa左右,磷矿浆pH值在3.7~4.3时脱硫效率可达67%。环栅式喷射鼓泡脱硫工艺以磷矿为脱硫剂,脱硫除尘效果好,系统投资少,运行费用低,并能资源化利用废渣,是适合我国国情的一项脱硫除尘技术。     

Performance of biotrickling filters packed with structured or cubic polyurethane sponges for VOC removal

Two identical bench-scale biotrickling filters (BTFs), BTF 1 and BTF 2, were evaluated for toluene removal at various gas empty bed contact times (EBCTs) and organic loadings. BTF 1 and BTF 2 were packed with structured and cubic synthetic polyurethane sponges, respectively. At a constant toluene loading of 16 g/(m3 hr), toluene removal efficiencies decreased from 98.8% to 64.3% for BTF 1 and from 98.4% to 74.1% for BTF 2 as gas EBCT decreased from 30 to 5 sec. When the toluene loading increased from 35 to 140 g/(m3 hr) at a gas EBCT of 30 sec, the removal efficiencies decreased from 99.1% to 77.4% for BTF 1 and from 99.0% to 81.5% for BTF 2. The pressure drop for both BTFs increased with increased air flow rate, and did not significantly vary while the toluene loading was increased under similar operation conditions. BTF 1 and BTF 2 could start up successfully within 19 and 27 days, respectively, when packed with fresh sponge media, and the performances could be restored in 3–7 days after biomass was removed and wasted from the media. BTF 2 displayed higher removal efficiency even under shorter EBCT or higher loading rate than BTF1 when other operation conditions were similar, while it showed lower pressure drop than BTF 1 during the whole period of operation. These results demonstrated that both BTFs could treat waste gas containing toluene effectively.     

曝气生物滤池效能关键影响因素研究进展

曝气生物滤池（BAF）是一种新型的生物氧化处理工艺,已被广泛应用于城市废水处理、中水回用及微污染源水的预处理。详细论述了目前国内外对BAF效能的关键影响因素,如填料、水力停留时间、进水底物、水温、曝气量与进水量比、反冲洗工艺、化学除磷药剂等的研究现状,并探讨了其今后的研究方向。     

生物过滤法处理挥发性有机物的模型

介绍了生物过滤法处理挥发性有机物模型的研究现状,论述了过滤机理、污染物传递、生物膜增长与脱落、填料和生物膜表面形态学等方面的模型情况,指出了生物过滤法处理挥发性有机物模型的研究趋势,有助于理解生物过滤过程的内在规律和指导优化生物过滤系统的设计与运行。     

造纸脱墨废水的深度处理技术

介绍一种实用的脱墨废水三级处理技术的原理、工艺流程、主要构筑物,并重点探讨了在各级处理过程中的控制参数和影响因素。应用该工艺建造的某大型造纸厂的脱墨废水处理工程,处理出水达到了《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)中二级标准。针对该处理系统实际运行中出现的问题,提出了相应的解决措施,可供同行借鉴和参考。     

Insights into highly effective catalytic persulfate activation on oxygen-functionalized mesoporous carbon for ciprofloxacin degradation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nanocarbons have been demonstrated as promising carbon catalysts for substituting metal-based catalysts for the green treatment of wastewater. In this...     

Fe-Cu-C三元微电解材料的制备及去除氧氟沙星的性能研究

为进一步提高Fe-C二元微电解材料去除难降解抗生素氧氟沙星（OFL）的性能,构建了Fe-Cu-C三元微电解体系.主要探究了Fe-Cu-C三元微电解材料的最佳制备及运行条件,通过添加淬灭剂鉴别微电解反应过程中产生的主要活性物质,采用SEM、XRD、EDS、FTIR、UV-Vis对絮体、反应前后的微电解材料及OFL废水进行表征.结果表明：Fe-Cu-C三元微电解材料的最佳制备条件为：Fe/C比为1：1、膨润土比例为35%、碳酸氢铵比例为7%、煅烧温度为900℃、CuO添加比例为4%.该条件下,Fe-Cu-C三元微电解体系对OFL的去除率较Fe-C二元微电解体系提高了15.28%.在OFL初始浓度为20 mg·L^-1、pH=6、投加量为20 g·L^-1、曝气量为5 L·min^-1时对OFL的降解效果最好,达到了88.06%,较Fe-C二元微电解体系提高了10.22%.微电解材料去除OFL主要依靠活性物质的降解作用,而Fe-Cu-C三元微电解体系能够增加电子转移途径,从而加快电子转移速度,产生更多的活性物质,具有更强的OFL断键能力.以上结果表明,Fe-Cu-C三元微电解体系具有更显著的OFL降解效果.     

Modeling variations of medium porosity in rotating drum biofilter

Rotating drum biofilters (RDBs) mounted with reticulated polyurethane sponge media has showed high removal efficiencies over a long period of time when used for volatile organic compound (VOC) removal. Due to the accumulation of biomass within the sponge medium, the porosity of a filter bed usually changes dynamically, which makes it difficult to predict and to control. In this paper, the porosity of a multi-layer RDB bed was investigated by a diffusion-reaction model in which biofilm growth and decay were taken into account at the pore scale of the sponge medium. Temporal and spatial changes of porosity were studied under various organic loadings and gas empty bed contact times (EBCTs). The porosity of the biofilter bed was assumed to be a function of biofilm thickness, and all the pores were assumed to be uniform. Toluene was selected as the model VOC. The model was solved using numerical methods through the MATLAB software. Results show that the porosity decreased with increased time of operation, increased toluene loading, or decreased gas EBCT value. The porosity in the outermost medium layer was less than that in the inner medium layers. Toluene removal efficiencies and porosities calculated from this model correlated with the experimental data well. Porosity variation was proposed to be an indicator for prediction of biofilter performance in biofilters as a consequence.