Effects of hydrological change on the risk of riverine algal blooms: case study in the mid-downstream of the Han River in China

Algal blooms usually occur in semi-closed water bodies such as lakes or estuaries; however, it has occurred frequently in the mid-downstream of the Han River (MSHR) in China since the 1990s. We made a comparative analysis of the hydrological conditions and identified the hydrological condition thresholds that induce algal blooms. From the hydrodynamic point of view, the changes and characteristics of the hydrological conditions in the MSHR were analyzed. Furthermore, the influence on the risk of algal blooms under different design water transfer schemes for the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) was studied. The results indicated that (1) the flow in the MSHR less than 900 m³/s and water level in the Yangtze River higher than 14 m provided a suitable hydrological environment for diatoms multiply. (2) The flow of the MSHR showed a downtrend, while the water level of the Yangtze River showed an uptrend. There were variations in hydrological processes. Through specific IHA index analysis, the fact of flow reduction in the MSHR was demonstrated, and further indicated that algal bloom outbreak was in low flow period. (3) The water transfer in the middle route of SNWDP affected the risk probability of algal blooms. The more the amount of water transfer, the greater the risk probability of algal blooms. It was the Water Diversion Project from Yangtze River to Han River (WDPYHR) that replenished flow of the MSHR and was conducive to the prevention and control of algal bloom risk.

     

基于Copula函数的水体富营养化联合风险概率研究

为了分析小型人工湖水体富营养化指标联合风险发生的概率,基于Copula函数的基本原理,结合眉湖水体富营养化模型模拟结果,建立了水体富营养化指标的边缘分布及Copula函数联合概率分布.通过Copula函数拟合检验和拟合优度评价筛选出不同组合方式下最优的Copula函数,并根据最优的Copula函数计算出水体富营养化指标的二维和三维联合风险概率.结果表明,不同组合方式下水体富营养化指标达到不同富营养化状态时的联合风险概率区别较大;当Chl-a和COD都为轻度富营养时,二维联合风险概率最大为62.29%,说明这种组合方式下眉湖水体极易发生轻度富营养;当Chl-a和COD都为轻度富营养、TN为中度富营养时,三维联合风险概率最大为45.46%,说明这种组合方式下眉湖水体极易发生中度富营养;由于受到水体富营养化指标监测系列的影响,部分二维和三维联合风险概率较小甚至为零.     

硅铁电炉烟气除尘系统的设计要点

针对硅铁电炉烟气除尘系统设计中的有关技术问题进行了探讨，提出了工程设计中应该考虑的各种因素及其有关设计参数的选取，以供工程设计者参考。     

真菌胞外聚合物及其与重金属作用机制研究进展

真菌胞外聚合物(EPS)是近年来真菌微生物研究的热点,其在食品行业、医药工业和环境重金属污染治理中起着非常重要的作用.综述了国内外关于真菌EPS提取方法、产量影响因素、组成和结构的研究进展;介绍了真菌EPS在环境中与重金属作用机制的研究进展,主要包括胞外吸附和络合机制、草酸盐微沉淀机制和胞外重金属还原机制.在此基础上,展望了真菌EPS在环境重金属污染治理特别是重金属废水处理上的应用前景和亟待解决的研究内容,以便更好地为国内真菌EPS和重金属污染治理等方面的研究提供参考.     

富砷地下水分布区环境特征

砷以化合物形态存在于水体、土壤和岩石中,对人和其他生物有极强的毒性,是重点控制的污染物对象.工农业生产排放和区域地质异常等造成地下水中砷的富集,很容易引发饮水型砷中毒等环境地质灾害的发生.总结砷在地下水体中的分布富集规律特征,可以为水砷污染的防控提供基本依据,对于预防环境地质灾害发生具有重要的现实意义.在有关文献的基础上,对地下水砷富集发生的环境特征进行了分析总结.