Chemische Reaktionen von Phenylarsinverbindungen

Diphenylarsenic chloride (CLARK I) and diphenylarsenic cyanide (CLARK II) react quickly and quantitatively with dimercaptanes at room temperature to yield diphenylarsine thiolthioether. The thiolthioethers could be identified using mass spectrometry. This reaction can be used for the gas-chromatographic detection of diphenylarsenic compounds.     

Holocene biomass burning and global dynamics of the carbon cycle

Fire regimes have changed during the Holocene due to changes in climate, vegetation, and in human practices. Here, we hypothesise that changes in fire regime may have affected the global CO2 concentration in the atmosphere through the Holocene. Our data are based on quantitative reconstructions of biomass burning deduced from stratified charcoal records from Europe, and South-, Central- and North America, and Oceania to test the fire-carbon release hypothesis. In Europe the significant increase of fire activity is dated approximately 6000 cal. yr ago. In north-eastern North America burning activity was greatest before 7500 years ago, very low between 7500-3000 years, and has been increasing since 3000 years ago. In tropical America, the pattern is more complex and apparently latitudinally zonal. Maximum burning occurred in the southern Amazon basin and in Central America during the middle Holocene, and during the last 2000 years in the northern Amazon basin. In Oceania, biomass burning has decreased since a maximum 5000 years ago. Biomass burning has broadly increased in the Northern and Southern hemispheres throughout the second half of the Holocene associated with changes in climate and human practices. Global fire indices parallel the increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration recorded in Antarctic ice cores. Future issues on carbon dynamics relatively to biomass burning are discussed to improve the quantitative reconstructions.     

Chemische Reaktionen von Phenylarsinverbindungen

Zusammenfassung  Phenylarsindichlorid (PFIFFIKUS) reagiert bei Raumtemperatur in einer Gleichgewichtsreaktion schnell mit Alkoholen unter Bildung von Phenylarsinbisether und Phenylarsinchloridether. Die Reaktionen verlaufen nicht quantitativ. Die Derivate wurden massenspektrometrisch identifiziert.