Removal of high concentrated ammonia nitrogen from landfill leachate by landfilled waste layer

The landfill of municipal solid waste(MSW) could be regarded as denitrification reactor and involved in ammonia nitrogen biological removal process. In this research, the process was applied to municipal solid waste collected in Shanghai, China, which was characterized by high food waste content. The NH4^ removal efficiency in the system of SBR nitrifying reactor followed by fresh and matured landfilled waste layer in series was studied. In the nitrifying reactor, above 90% of NH4^ in leachate was oxidized to NO2^- and NO3^- . Then high concentrated NO2^- and NO3^- were removed in the way of denitrification process in fresh landfilled waste layer. At the same time, degradation of fresh landfilled waste was accelerated. Up to the day 120, 136.5 gC/(kg dry waste) and 17.9 gN/(kg dry waste) were converted from waste layer. It accounted for 50.15 % and 86.89 % of the total carbon and nitrogen content of preliminary fresh waste, which was 4.42 times and 5.17 times higher than that of reference column respectively. After filtering through matured landfilled waste, BOD5 concentration in leachate dropped to below 100 mg/L, which would not affect following nitrification adversely. Because the matured landfilled waste acted as a well methanogenic reactor, 23% of carbon produced accumulatively from fresh landfilled waste degradation was converted into CH4.     

对熏烟扩散模式应用的探讨

工程上应用的大气污染物扩散模式中 ,熏烟模式由于其非定常性而与其他扩散模式有很大的区别。正确处理模式中各参数及变量的相互关系才能客观地反映污染物对环境影响的结果。本研究通过对熏烟模式的非定常性和各参数、变量相互关系的分析 ,提出了正确使用该模式的方法     

催化快速法测定COD_(Cr)定量下限的研究

催化快速法测定CODCr是我国目前环境监测中普遍使用的最快速、简便、可靠的方法 ,该法的检测范围是 60～ 1 0 0 0mg/l,我们经过研究测出催化快速法的定量下限为 1 0mg/l,扩大了该法的应用范围。     

中国东南沿海的地质构造特征

本文主要论述了中国东南大地构造演化特征。晋宁旋回,南北板块碰撞,形成近东西向构造格局、转换块间带及交结盆地。加里东旋回至印支旋回,东南地壳由非成熟性地壳逐渐向稳定性大陆地壳过渡。陆壳的生长是以两个外隆为中心呈环带状向外扩张。燕山旋回,大陆破坏和改造,形成大陆边缘的流纹岩链。显示了地壳生长为多旋回前进演化的特征。     

厌氧处理原理及其在低浓度有机废水处理中的应用现状

介绍了厌氧处理原理，并对厌氧处理低浓度废水的最新进展进行了较全面的综速，高效厌氧反应器及组合工艺为这一发展提供了可能。高效厌氧反应器中以膨胀颗粒污泥床（ECSB）反应器为首选。其结构及远行特性决定了它在处理低浓度虚水方面具有潜在的优势，但中国EC,SB的应用仅处于研究阶段，尚未有生产规模的EGSB；组合工艺对低浓度废水中污染物去除率极高，出水中COD、NH3-N、TP和SS浓度均可达到较高的排放标准，对生活污水、稀释后的工业有机废水等低浓度有机废水处理具有广阔的前景。     

太原市工业区大气中TSP浓度及元素成分分析

采用校正空白称量法对太原市工业区大气中ＴＳＰ浓度进行了测定分析，对该区大气ＴＳＰ浓度随时间变化的规律，超标情况及污染特征进行了研究，同时测定了ＴＳＰ中Ｃｒ、Ｐｂ等１２种元素的含量。     

中扬子台地北缘灯影组碳酸盐岩成岩作用序列及成岩模式

研究区主要的成岩作用类型有胶结、溶解、硅化、白云石化、压实-压溶和去白云石化作用等，详细研究了每种成岩作用的矿物岩石学特征及对孔隙形成、演化的影响。把研究区成岩环境划分为大气淡水成岩环境、海水成岩环境、混合水成岩环境、埋藏成岩环境和晚期表生成岩环境五大类．总结了每种成岩环境的成岩组构特征、成岩标志、δ18O和δC及微量元素Na+、Sr2+的分布规律。此外，还探讨了深水斜坡相粉-细晶白云岩和台地浅滩相颗粒白云岩的成岩演化序列与孔隙演化，最后概括出了研究区碳酸盐岩的成岩作用模式。     

The curve of ion exchange ratio(%)-pH of the interaction between suspended particles with Cd(II) in the Yellow River

The curve of ion exchange ratio(%)-pH of the interactionbetween suspended particles with Cd(II) in the Yellow River wasstudied. The effects of lysine on this curve have been alsoinvestigated. The results showed that (1) Cadmium in Cd(OH)+ formin the suspended particles exchanges with the cations.The exchangeratio of Cd2+ is nearly at its greatest value in the range of pH(8.0-8.5) in natural aquatic system; (2) Ion exchange ratiodecreases as the concentration of Cd2+ raises from 8.9×10-6 mol/L to 2x8.9 x 10-6mol/L; (3) At the lysine concentration of 6.8x10-6 mol/L, it can promote the ion exchange ratio; (4) Adsorption of thesuspended particles to cadmium is weaker in seawater and Jin ShaRiver than in the Yellow River.     

建筑物地基安全性监测

建筑物地基安全性监测是及时掌握建筑在施工和最初使用阶段地基是否出现异常变形的重要方法。本文根据大量工程监测实践，分析了建筑物地基安全性异常的表现形式及产生原因，总结了建筑物安全性监测应注意的几个问题。     

铜、锌和锰抑制月形藻生长的毒性效应

运用评价化学品毒性藻类测试的标准实验方法，得到铜、锌和锰对月形藻生长的最小无显著差异浓度（LNOEC）分别为31.8μg/L、16.4μg/L和2.7mg/L，抑制月形藻生长的96h半效应浓度（96h-EC50)分别为199.5μg/L、38.0μg/L和12.6mg/L。实验结果表明无论从LNOEC还是从96h-EC50考虑，都证明抑制月形藻生长的毒性由大到小的顺序是锌＞铜＞锰。此结果对铜抑制藻类生长的毒性远远大于锌的毒性这一人们普遍认同的观点构成挑战。月形藻细胞壁表面可能含有较少的硫代基团但包含较多与锌有很强结合能力的官能团可能是导致月形藻对铜的敏感性弱而对锌敏感性强的主要原因。