Empirical analysis on contribution share of safety investment to economic growth: A case study of Chinese mining industry

Insufficient investment in safety is one of the most important reasons which lead to frequent accidents in Chinese mining industry. Safety input has long been regarded as a ‘sunk cost’, lacking output, and little attention from mining companies was focused on increasing safety input according to technical codes or technical requirements due to the narrow understanding on safety input. So, the empirical analysis on the contribution share of safety investment to economic growth is very important. In this paper, a new set of production safety indexes including six 1-level indexes for describing the safety level of mining production in China was constructed on the basis of Granger causality test. Meanwhile, a mining economic growth model was constructed on the basis of the new production safety indexes with co-integration theory and dynamic modeling system. The empirical results show that the production safety factor in the short term indeed drives the GDP growth in the mining industry although labor and capital input remain the major factors impacting mining economic growth, and its long term contribution share is 7.7%. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of production safety indexes, shows that the safety level of mining production increased more than 21-fold during 1991–2009, and the investment in mining technology development capability, mining safety production environment and mechanized level of mining should be the direction to focus for improving the safety level of mining production.     

建设生态文明的重要举措——《让不堪重负的江河休养生息》述评

让江河湖泊休养生息，就是要实行最为严格的污染物排放总量控制制度，以水环境容量确定发展方式和发展规模；就是要尊重自然规律，充分发挥水生态系统的自我修复能力，逐步改变环境恶化状况；就是要综合运用工程的、技术的、生态的方法，加大治理水环境的力度，促进水生态系统尽快步入良性循环的轨道；就是要充分运用法律、经济和必要的行政手段，既要形成严格排放、合理开发的强大压力，又要形成主动治理水环境的积极动力，用高效的办法解决长期积累的环境问题。     

炼油污水处理技术进展

分析了我国炼油污水的特点及处理现状,介绍了目前应用比较广泛的几种炼油污水处理方法及研究进展.     

脱硫石膏农业利用研究进展与展望

概述火电厂脱硫石膏定义、生产过程和性质。简述了脱离石膏的工业利用，详述了脱离石膏对酸性和碱性土壤改良的现状和机理，并展望了脱硫石膏促进滩涂土植被演替的前景。     

Observation-based sources evolution of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in a megacity of China

Both concentrations and emissions of many air pollutants have been decreasing due to implement of control measures in China, in contrast to the fact that an increase in emissions of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) has been reported. This study employed seven years continuous NMHCs measurements and the related activities data of Shanghai, a megacity in China, to explore evolution of emissions and effectiveness of air pollution control measures. The mixing ratio of NMHCs showed no statistical interannual changes, of which their compositions exhibited marked changes. This resulted in a decreasing trend of ozone formation potential by 3.8%/year (p < 0.05, the same below), which should be beneficial to ozone pollution mitigation as its production in Shanghai is in the NMHCs-limited regime. Observed alkanes, aromatics and acetylene changed by +3.7%/year, -5.9%/year and -7.4%/year, respectively, and alkenes showed no apparent trend. NMHCs sources were apportioned by a positive matrix factorization model. Accordingly, vehicular emissions (-5.9%/year) and petrochemical industry emissions (-7.1%/year) decreased significantly, but the decrease slowed down; significant reduction in solvent usage (-9.0%/year) appeared after 2010; however, emissions of natural gas (+12.6%/year) and fuel evaporation (with an increasing fraction) became more important. The inconsistency between observations and inventories was found in interannual trend and speciation as well as source contributions, emphasizing the need for further validation in NMHCs emission inventory. Our study confirms the effectiveness of measures targeting mobile and centralized emissions from industrial sources and reveals a need focusing on fugitive emissions, which provided new insights into future air policies in polluted region.     

上海燃煤电厂烟气脱硫石膏利用前景分析

根据上海市新一轮环保三年行动计划（2006～2008年）要求，上海将在未来3年中完成全市11家电厂的35台约6508MW燃煤发电机组的烟气脱硫工程，这同时将产生大量的烟气脱硫副产品——脱硫石膏，处置和利用好脱硫石膏，对上海市的生态环境保护有着重要的意义。阐述了燃煤电厂烟气脱硫石膏的特性和国内外脱硫石膏的利用现状。结合上海实际，对烟气脱硫石膏在建筑建材业．农业等领域的应用前景进行了分析。指出烟气脱硫石膏的资源化利用符合循环经济理念，并能产生良好的环境、社会和经济效益。提出了烟气脱硫石膏的利用建议。     

谈《环保志》的编撰

编撰环境保护志书工作,是一项繁琐、艰苦、细致的工作。把杂乱无章的资料编撰成经世致用的文献,是一种创造性的劳动,也是一种精湛的写作技能。     

兰州农村面源污染现状及防治对策分析

文中在兰州统计年鉴的基础上,根据面源污染来源,分析了农业、畜牧业、生产和生活活动的危害,初步估算了主要面源污染物的流失量。并根据兰州市农村具体情况提出了相应的保护和控制措施,旨在为解决农村面源污染问题和保护农村生态环境提供借鉴。     

UV/Fenton/杂多酸体系对染料曙红Y的光解作用研究

为改善Fenton反应的氧化效率,选择杂多酸为活化剂,建立了一种新的光催化体系。在光化学反应器中,以紫外灯为光源,以磷钨酸为光催化助剂,研究了UV/Fenton/杂多酸体系对曙红Y模拟染料废水的光催化降解的影响,并就杂多酸辅助光催化降解染料的机理,影响染料光催化降解速率的因素,提高染料光催化降解效率的途径进行了初步探讨。结果表明,溶液中H2O2投加量、Fe2+浓度、溶液pH值是影响催化光解效果的重要因素。实验得出反应的适宜条件是:pH为5～6,30%H2O2的投加量为2 mL,FeSO4的剂量约为0.02 g/L。     

Photocatalytic degradation of 4-tert-octylphenol in a spiral photoreactor system

A spiral photoreactor system (SPS) was developed for the degradation of 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) in aqueous phase. 4-t-OP was previously considered as a endocrine disrupting compound frequently present in water. The direct photodegradation reaction caused by the SPS was found to accord with the characteristic of apparent first-order reaction with reaction rate constantk= 4.8 × 10^-2 min^-1. However, the direct photodegradation reaction could not make the 4-t-OP mineralized. The photodegradation efficiency increased from 88% to 91.2% in 45 min irradiation period after the internal surface of SPS was sintered with TiO₂ thin film as catalyst. Catalyst concentration, number of catalyst coating layers and initial concentration of 4-t-OP were proven to be the factors affecting the photocatalytic degradation performance of the SPS on aqueous 4-t-OP. The degradation mechanism was investigated and the byproducts were analyzed using total organic carbon analyzer (TOC) and LC-MS. The possible chemical structures of the products were suggested. SPS with single layer of TiO₂ prepared by sintering 13.6% of TiO₂ precursor was proven to be more efficient than most of previous systems for removal of 4-t-OP from aqueous phase. 28.3% of the 4-t-OP was mineralized in 45 min according to the decreased amount of TOC value.