Photocatalysis enhancement by electric field: TiO2 thin film for degradation of dye X-3B

According to the theory of photocatalysis, the efficiency of photocatalysis decreases mostly due to the recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs. An electric field across a photocatalyst can promote the separation of photo-generated electrons and holes and prevent them from recombination so as to enhance the efficiency of photocatalysis. And the synergetic decomposition efficiency of photocatalysis and an electric field is greater than that of the simple combine of their single efficiency. The performance of photocatalysis enhanced by electric field (PEEF) and operating conditions such as the direction of the electric field, the voltages between the two electrodes, the material of the electrodes, which may affect the efficiency of PEEF, were investigated in this paper. The results indicate that the system of PEEF abides the established theory of photocatalysis.     

春蚕期桑叶氟化物含量变化规律分析与研究

春蚕桑叶氟化物中毒引起政府部门的高度重视。通过对历年来桑叶含氟量监测数据统计分析，找出春蚕期桑叶含氟量日均值变化规律，并对规律成因进行探讨研究，为春蚕防氟工作提供科学依据。     

Adsorption and desorption characteristics of semiconductor volatile organic compounds on the thermal swing honeycomb zeolite concentrator

The use of a honeycomb zeolite concentrator and an oxidation process is one of the most popular methods demonstrated to control volatile organic compound (VOCs) emissions from waste gases in semiconductor manufacturing plants. This study attempts to characterize the performance of a concentrator in terms of the removal efficiencies of semiconductor VOCs (isopropyl alcohol [IPA], acetone, propylene glycol methyl ether [PGME], and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate [PGMEA]) under several parameters that govern the actual operations. Experimental results indicated that at inlet temperatures of under 40 degrees C and a relative humidity of under 80%, the removal efficiency of a zeolite concentrator can be maintained well over 90%. The optimal rotation speed of the concentrator is between 3 and 4.5 rph in this study. The optimal rotation speed increases with the VOCs inlet concentration. Furthermore, reducing the concentration ratio helps to increase the removal efficiency, but it also increases the incineration cost. With reference to competitive adsorption, PGMEA and PGME are more easily adsorbed on a zeolite concentrator than are IPA and acetone because of their high boiling points and molecular weights.     

不同抗生素种类及浓度对麻疯树培养的影响

以麻疯树(jatropha ctrcas)的子叶、真叶、根及其对应的愈伤组织作为实验材料,研究各种抗生素对其生长的影响;在MS培养基中添加不同浓度和不同种类的抗生素,比较其对麻疯树不同外植体及对应愈伤组织生长的影响.方差分析和总体观察的结果表明,用于筛选转化植株的最佳抗生素是卡那霉素,其最佳抗性筛选浓度范围为10～25mg/L.表9参10     

Performance of bioferric-submerged membrane bioreactor for dyeing wastewater treatment

Adding iron salt or iron hydroxide to sludgemixed liquor in an aeration tank of a conventional activated sludge processes (bioferric process) can simultaneously improve the sludge’s filterability and enhance the system’s treatment capacity. In view of this, Fe(OH)₃ was added to a submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) to enhance the removal efficiency and to mitigate membrane fouling. Bioferric process and SMBR were combined to create a novel process called Bioferric-SMBR. A side-by-side comparison study of Bioferric-SMBR and common SMBR dealing with dyeing wastewater was carried out. Bioferric-SMBR showed potential superiority, which could enhance removal efficiency, reduce membrane fouling and improve sludge characteristic. When volumetric loading rate was 25% higher than that of common SMBR, the removal efficiencies of Bioferric-SMBR on COD, dye, and NH₄ ⁺-N were 1.0%, 9.5%, and 5.2% higher than that of common SMBR, respectively. The trans-membrane pressure of Bioferric-SMBR was only 36% of that in common SMBR while its membrane flux was 25% higher than that of common SMBR. The stable running period in Bioferric-SMBR was 2.5 times of that in common SMBR when there was no surplus sludge discharged. The mixed liquor suspended solids concentration of Bioferric-SMBR was higher than that of common SMBR with more diversified kinds of microorganisms such as protozoans and metazoans. The mean particle diameter and specific oxygen uptake rate of Bioferric-SMBR were 3.10 and 1.23 times the common SMBR, respectively.     

低浓度阿特拉津长期暴露对鲫鱼DNA的影响

运用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术在分子生物学水平上评价了低浓度阿特拉津长期暴露对鲫鱼DNA的影响.结果表明:0.006mg·L-1以上浓度(试验浓度系列为0.006、0.023、0.094、0.375、1.5、3mg·L-1)的阿特拉津持续暴露60d均会对鲫鱼的DNA产生影响;经筛选,确定有34条引物能够扩增出鲫鱼基因组DNA,其中有8条引物能检测出阿特拉津对鲫鱼基因组DNA影响的差异:各浓度组鲫鱼DNA的RAPD扩增产物条带均出现不同程度缺失;在较低浓度长期暴露下阿特拉津对鲫鱼基因组DNA的损伤无明显的剂量-效应关系,阿特拉津毒性在0.375mg·L-1时突然增强,但这一趋势并未向更高浓度组延续(1.5mg·L-1组表现出的毒性弱于0.375mg·L-1组和3mg·L-1组).     

土地利用变化对城郊农业区生态效益的影响——以四川省南充市高坪区为例

借鉴生态效益综合评价的有关理论和数学模型,以四川省南充市高坪区为例,选取生物多样性指数、植被覆盖指数、水土保持效益指数、土壤改良指数、涵养水源指数、拦截径流指数和湿度指数7个指标作为评价因子,建立生态效益评价体系,对该区域1996和2005年2个时期综合生态效益进行评估和比较.结果表明,该区域综合生态效益值分别为7.85和7.95,2005年比1996年略为升高;基于GIS的图层叠置、分割等分析功能,就区域土地利用变化对其内部生态效益造成的变化进行了分析,该区域可被划分为生态效益显著增强区、增强区、保持区、减弱区和显著减弱区5个等级.     

标准类别指数法在地表水环境质量评价中的应用

在确定水体主要污染物的基础上，以相应水体主要污染物项目为评价项目，以地表水环境质量标准的类别分级为依据，应用模糊数学理论对地表水环境质量或污染程度予以分级。能客观、直观地反映相应地表水体环境质量或污染程度，计算过程简便，是一种可采纳的实用水质评价方法。     

Zn2+ loading as a critical contributor to the circ_0008553-mediated oxidative stress and inflammation in response to PM2.5 exposures

Inflammation is a major adverse outcome induced by inhaled particulate matter with a diameter of ≤ 2.5 µm (PM_2.5), and a critical trigger of most PM_2.5 exposure-associated diseases. However, the key molecular events regulating the PM_2.5-induced airway inflammation are yet to be elucidated. Considering the critical role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in regulating inflammation, we predicted 11 circRNAs that may be involved in the PM_2.5-induced airway inflammation using three previously reported miRNAs through the starBase website. A novel circRNA circ_0008553 was identified to be responsible for the PM_2.5-activated inflammatory response in human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) via inducing oxidative stress. Using a combinatorial model PM_2.5 library, we found that the synergistic effect of the insoluble core and loaded Zn²⁺ ions at environmentally relevant concentrations was the major contributor to the upregulation of circ_0008553 and subsequent induction of oxidative stress and inflammation in response to PM_2.5 exposures. Our findings provided new insight into the intervention of PM_2.5-induced adverse outcomes.     

北方农村清洁取暖区域性典型案例实施方案及经验总结

目前,我国已有43个县、市入选北方清洁取暖试点城市。随着农村清洁取暖工作的深入开展,及时总结不同试点地区在技术路径、实施方案、推进模式等方面的先进经验,对其后续工作的顺利完成及其他地区未来清洁取暖工作的有效开展都具有重要意义。本文对2020年3月26日召开的北方农村清洁取暖经验交流会上所介绍的8个专题报告,从清洁取暖整体进展、典型案例经验分享、企业市场化运作机制和服务模式等方面进行了总结和归纳。文中所提到的5个典型区域性案例都能依据本地资源状况和经济水平等因地制宜地提出切实可行的农村清洁取暖模式,在有序推进过程中不断优化调整实施路径,并结合企业的力量积极探索绿色金融方案和运营模式,为清洁取暖注入新的资金动力,充分调动了社会各方对清洁取暖的参与度,也有效改善了农户的室内热舒适性、空气质量和居住水平,提升了农户满意度和接受度。