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781.
Singh U Levin L Grinshpun SA Schaffer C Adhikari A Reponen T 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(11):3246-3253
The aim of this study was to assess the associations between airborne and dustborne microbial contaminants (endotoxin and β-D-glucan) and estimate the effects of home characteristics on exposure levels of these microbial contaminants. Endotoxin and β-D-glucan concentrations in airborne inhalable particles, airborne PM1 (<1 μm) and vacuumed dust from 184 residential homes were determined using specific Limulus amebocyte assays. Home characteristics were recorded by visual inspection and questionnaires. Linear regression and correlation analyses were performed. Inhalable endotoxin correlated with dust endotoxin (r = 0.34, p < 0.001) and PM1 endotoxin (r = 0.33, p < 0.001). Inhalable β-D-glucan correlated with dust β-D-glucan (r = 0.18, p < 0.01), but not with PM1 β-D-glucan. Significant correlation was also found between PM1 and dust concentrations for endotoxin (r = 0.26, p < 0.001), but not for β-D-glucan. Multivariate regression analyses showed only one significant association between airborne contaminants and environmental characteristics: inhalable β-D-glucan was positively associated with relative humidity with an effect size (change in the dependent variable corresponding to a unit increase in the independent variable) of 2.32 and p < 0.05. In contrast, several associations were found between dust concentrations and environmental characteristics. Dust endotoxin was positively associated with temperature (2.87, p < 0.01) and number of inhabitants (2.76, p < 0.01), whereas dust β-D-glucan was inversely associated with the presence of dogs (-2.24, p < 0.05) and carpet (-3.05, p < 0.01) in the home. In conclusion, dustborne contaminants were more strongly affected by home characteristics than airborne contaminants. Furthermore, even though statistically significant, the correlations between airborne and dustborne contaminants were weak. This indicates that airborne concentrations cannot be reliably predicted based on dustborne concentrations. 相似文献
782.
Sacred groves are well recognized in the world in terms of biodiversity conservation. The present study was conducted in the Nakuleshwar sacred grove, in the valley of Thal kedar hill in the Kumaon region of Pithoragarh district in Indian Himalaya, in appreciation of its role in biodiversity conservation. The study aimed at the documentation and inventory of the sacred grove, its phytodiversity, threats and conservation in the Himalayan region, and to achieve this, systematic field surveys were conducted during 2007?C2010 covering all four seasons. A total of 83 species from 71 genera and 50 families were identified, of which 43 species are flowering plants, including 7 trees, 7 shrubs, 4 climbers and 25 herbs, and 40 species are non-flowering plants of which lichens are represented by 12 species from 8 genera, bryophytes 6 species from 5 genera, and pteridophytes 7 species from 9 genera, while gymnosperms are represented by a single species. Acer oblongum, Cinnamomum tamala, Cedrus deodara, Coriaria nepalensis act as keystone species in the grove. Ophiopogon inermis is a common herb during the rainy season while Goodyera hemsleyana (Orchid) is a new distribution record for the western Himalaya. A total of 43 species from 38 genera are used ethnobotanically by local people for various ailments. Mahonia nepaulensis, Asparagus adscendens, Thalictrum foliolosum, Cinnamomum tamala and Berberis asiatica are highly exploited species and need to be conserved. Climatic conditions of the grove are moderate and the floristic patch of the grove is completely different from the plant diversity of the surrounding area and matches with the diversified floral wealth of comparatively higher altitudes. Due to anthropogenic pressure, this grove is facing new threats of degradation, hence needing special attention. 相似文献
783.
Passive monitoring of nitrogen dioxide in urban air: a case study of Durban metropolis, South Africa
To devise and implement strategies to manage the quality of urban air, a metropolis needs air pollution data on which an air quality management plan can be formulated. Although air pollutants can come from several sources, many reports suggest that nitrogen dioxide from motor vehicle emissions is the major contributor to air pollution in cities. Since vehicles stop or move slowly through traffic intersections, concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) are expected to be relatively high at these sites. Inexpensive Ogawa passive samplers were placed at selected traffic intersections in the Durban Metropolis to trap the NO(2) which was then analysed by a sensitive laboratory-based method. The data obtained by this method was compared with data from sophisticated system comprising an active sampler cum on-line chemiluminescence detector. The sampling was done over a twelve month period to cover all seasons. Statistical analysis of the data showed that there was no significant difference between the means for the two methods. This study has established that an Ogawa passive sampler may be used as an economical and reliable collector for NO(2) in ambient air under varying climatic conditions. Further, the analysis method using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer was sensitive enough to detect NO(2) at the 10-20 ppb level. The cost of the method should be well within the budgets of most municipalities and it would motivate them to develop policies to alleviate traffic congestion. 相似文献
784.
Assessment of seawater impact using major hydrochemical ions: a case study from Sadras, Tamilnadu, India 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
N. C. Mondal V. S. Singh V. K. Saxena V. P. Singh 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,177(1-4):315-335
The impact of seawater intrusion was investigated using major hydrogeochemical ions to evaluate the origin of salinity in Sadras watershed located between Buckingham Canal and Bay of Bengal in the southeastern coast of India. From empirical data collected twice during pre- and post-monsoon seasons, it was found that groundwater was slightly acidic to mildly alkaline, and more than 44% of groundwater samples had EC > 3,000 ??S/cm in both the seasons. Results of principle component analysis (PCA) showed that Na?+?, Cl???, Mg2?+?, and SO $_{4}^{\,\, 2-}$ concentrations had the highest loading factor and the samples affected by saline/seawater were separated from the cluster. Hydrochemical processes that accompany the saline/seawater were identified using ionic changes. It was observed during sampling periods that the mixing due to saline/seawater intrusion varied from 4.82?C7.86%. Negative values of ionic change (e change) for Na?+? and K?+? decreased with the increasing fraction of seawater. Furthermore, salinity, sodium adsorption ratio, percentage of sodium Na (%), and exchangeable sodium percentage in well samples showed that groundwater was unsuitable for irrigation purposes. 相似文献
785.
Bhupinder Singh Surinder Singh Bikramjit Singh Bajwa Joga Singh Arvind Kumar 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,174(1-4):209-217
The radon concentration levels in soil samples from 39 locations of Northern Punjab are measured using AlphaGUARD (PQ 2000 PRO Model) of Genitron instruments, Germany. The radon concentration in soil varies from 0.3 to 35.8 kBq/l. The minimum value of radon is observed in Talwandi Choudhrian and is maximum for Nushera Dhala. The soil gas radon is correlated with soil temperature, pressure, and humidity to observe the effect of these parameters on radon release. The soil gas radon values in the study area are compared with that obtained in groundwater. The results are also compared with the available radon data for other parts of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. 相似文献
786.
Avtar R Singh CK Shashtri S Mukherjee S 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,182(1-4):341-360
Ken-Betwa river link is one of the pilot projects of the Inter Linking of Rivers program of Government of India in Bundelkhand Region. It will connect the Ken and Betwa rivers through a system of dams, reservoirs, and canals to provide storage for excess rainfall during the monsoon season and avoid floods. The main objective of this study is to identify erosional and inundation prone zones of Ken-Betwa river linking site in India using remote sensing and geographic information system tools. In this study, Landsat Thematic Mapper data of year 2005, digital elevation model from the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission, and other ancillary data were analyzed to create various thematic maps viz. geomorphology, land use/land cover, NDVI, geology, soil, drainage density, elevation, slope, and rainfall. The integrated thematic maps were used for hazard zonation. This is based on categorizing the different hydrological and geomorphological processes influencing the inundation and erosion intensity. Result shows that the southern part of the study area which lies in Panna district of Madhya Pradesh, India, is more vulnerable than the other areas. 相似文献
787.
Shyamal Dhananjay Singh Sawai Ankita Kazmi Absar Ahmad 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(3):835-851
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Improper management of solid waste creates health problems and degrades the environment (air, water, and soil). The Indian state Uttarakhand is... 相似文献
788.
Paudel Keshav R. Mehta Meenu Yin Geena Hew Suet Yen Lee Li Malyla Vamshikrishna Patel Vyoma K. Panneerselvam Jithendra Madheswaran Thiagarajan MacLoughlin Ronan Jha Niraj Kumar Gupta Piyush Kumar Singh Sachin Kumar Gupta Gaurav Kumar Pradeep Oliver Brian G. Hansbro Philip M. Chellappan Dinesh Kumar Dua Kamal 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(31):46830-46847
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is reported to have a high incidence rate and is one of the most prevalent types of cancer contributing towards 85%... 相似文献
789.
A review about COVID-19 in the MENA region: environmental concerns and machine learning applications
Meskher Hicham Belhaouari Samir Brahim Thakur Amrit Kumar Sathyamurthy Ravishankar Singh Punit Khelfaoui Issam Saidur Rahman 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(55):82709-82728
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has delayed global economic growth, which has affected the economic life globally. On the one hand, numerous... 相似文献
790.
Autoantibodies and autoimmune disorders in SARS-CoV-2 infection: pathogenicity and immune regulation
Darmarajan Thiviya Paudel Keshav Raj Candasamy Mayuren Chellian Jestin Madheswaran Thiagarajan Sakthivel Lakshmana Prabu Goh Bey Hing Gupta Piyush Kumar Jha Niraj Kumar Devkota Hari Prasad Gupta Gaurav Gulati Monica Singh Sachin Kumar Hansbro Philip Michael Oliver Brian Gregory George Dua Kamal Chellappan Dinesh Kumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(36):54072-54087
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease associated with the respiratory system caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The aim of this... 相似文献