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91.
92.
Speciation of arsenic and chromium metal ions by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The speciation of arsenic [As(III) and As(V)] and chromium [Cr(III) and Cr(VI)] was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography. The column used was Econosil C18 (250 x 4.6 mm i.d., particle size 10 microm). The mobile phases consisted of water-acetonitrile (80:20, v/v) for arsenic and 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer (6.0 pH)-acetonitrile (10:90, v/v) for chromium speciation separately and respectively. The detection was carried out by UV-Vis at 410 nm and atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) respectively and separately. The values of alpha and Rs of As(III) and As(V) species were 1.4 and 1.5 respectively while the values of alpha and Rs for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) were 1.35 and 0.2 respectively. The effect of the acetonitrile percentages was also carried out on the speciation of arsenic only. The relative standard deviation and limit of detection were in the range of 0.01-0.02 and 0.4-1.0 microg/ml respectively. 相似文献
93.
IntroductionNowadays,moreinteresthasgrowninthedeterminationoftheelementalconstituentsofmostindustrialmaterialssuchasironwhereseveraldifferentmethodsareused(Hassan ,1982 ;Abdul,1990 ;Failey ,1979;Anderson ,1981) .Recently ,thereweremanyinvestigationsonelementalanalysi… 相似文献
94.
Energy policies and environmental security: A multi-criteria analysis of energy policies of Pakistan
Mabroor Hassan Manzoor Khan Afridi Muhammad Irfan Khan 《International Journal of Green Energy》2019,16(7):510-519
Access to affordable and efficient energy is a basic human right and an imperative for human development. The energy policies usually ponder technical, economic, environmental, and social aspects for successful procurement of energy and endowment of energy resources. The objectives of this paper are to analyze energy policies in Pakistan and assess their relationship with environmental security and development. An empirical and multi-criteria decision analysis was used to unfold the strong interactions of energy security with development and environment. The energy policies in Pakistan are more equipped with economic and technical aspects, fairly framed with social aspects and poorly pampered with environmental facets. The dearth of environmental aspects will not only results in environmental degradation but also lag the development and achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. 相似文献
95.
Anwar Zahid M. Q. Hassan G. N. Breit K.-D. Balke Matthias Flegr 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2009,31(Z1):69-84
Accumulations of iron, manganese, and arsenic occur in the Chandina alluvium of southeastern Bangladesh within 2.5 m of the
ground surface. These distinctive orange-brown horizons are subhorizontal and consistently occur within 1 m of the contact
of the aerated (yellow-brown) and water-saturated (gray) sediment. Ferric oxyhydroxide precipitates that define the horizons
form by oxidation of reduced iron in pore waters near the top of the saturated zone when exposed to air in the unsaturated
sediment. Hydrous Fe-oxide has a high specific surface area and thus a high adsorption capacity that absorbs the bulk of arsenic
also present in the reduced pore water, resulting in accumulations containing as much as 280 ppm arsenic. The steep redox
gradient that characterizes the transition of saturated and unsaturated sediment also favors accumulation of manganese oxides
in the oxidized sediment. Anomalous concentrations of phosphate and molybdenum also detected in the ferric oxyhydroxide-enriched
sediment are attributed to sorption processes. 相似文献
96.
The reuse and recycling of waste materials are now sincerely considered to be an integral part of solid waste management in many parts of the world. In this context, a vast number of options ranging from small scale decentralized to larger scale centralized plants have been adopted. This study aimed at investigating the waste reuse schemes in Khulna city located in the southern part of Bangladesh and ranked third largest city in the country. The shops for reusable material (SRM) were mostly situated around railway, waterway, and truck station markets which provided easy transportation to further locations. For the reuses of waste materials and products, a chain system was found to collect reusable wastes under a total number of 310 identified SRM with 859 persons directly or indirectly involved in the scheme. This was a decentralized waste management system with self sufficient (autonomous) management. According to mass balance, about 38.52 tons d?1 solid wastes were reused in Khulna city area, accounting for 7.65% of the total generated wastes. This study revealed that apparently a silent, systematic, smooth, and clean reuse chain has been established in Khulna city area under private initiatives, whose sustainability was confirmed over the years in the country without any official or formal funds. However, proper adjustment between the higher and lower chain in the materials flow path, as well as personal hygiene training for the workers, would further improve the achievements of the established reuse scheme. 相似文献
97.
Singh Digvijay Chaudhary Rubina Karthick Alagar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(35):47689-47724
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Integration of photovoltaic (PV) technologies with building envelopes started in the early 1990 to meet the building energy demand and shave the peak... 相似文献
98.
Kapil Dev Brahman Tasneem Gul Kazi Hassan Imran Afridi Tahir Rafique Jameel Ahmed Baig Sadaf Sadia Arain Naeem Ullah Abdul Haleem Panhwar Salma Arain 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(12):8611-8628
In the current study, the chemistry of fresh and stored rainwater of Thar Desert, Pakistan, was estimated during two consecutive monsoon periods. The present research deals with the variation in physicochemical parameters, total arsenic (Ast), inorganic arsenic species (Asi, AsV, AsIII), and fluoride (F?) in stored rainwater (SRW) at different time intervals (1 week to 3 months). The pH of fresh rainwater (FRW) samples showed slightly acidic to neutral in nature (6.08–7.06) which were inconsistent with the reference pH value (5.6) of rainwater. The resulted data indicated that Ast and F? levels in SRW were enhanced with time duration. The levels of Ast and F? in SRW after different time intervals were found in the range of 194–683 μg/L and 10–35.4 mg/L, respectively. The values of Ast and F? were 20–70 and 7–24 times higher than those of WHO permissible limits, 10 μg/L and 1.5 mg/L, respectively. The AsIII was dominant species in SRW, which corresponds to >60 % of Asi. The characteristics of the SRW revealed an unacceptable quality to consume for drinking and agricultural purposes in the studied area. 相似文献
99.
100.