结晶沉淀-树脂吸附组合工艺回收黄连素废水中铜试验研究

通过多批次的小试试验考察了结晶沉淀-树脂吸附组合工艺对黄连素含铜废水的处理效果,并对产生的碱式氯化铜(TBCC)结晶沉淀进行X射线衍射(XRD)成分分析。结果表明:反应pH为7.0~9.0时,废水中超过99.9%的Cu ²⁺以碱式氯化铜结晶沉淀的形式得以回收,反应生成的碱式氯化铜沉淀通过水洗后,其成分符合GB/T 21696—2008《饲料添加剂 碱式氯化铜》质量标准。剩余的废水再经过树脂吸附工艺处理后,出水Cu ²⁺浓度小于1.0 mg/L。在小试试验的基础上,开展了中试试验研究,其结果进一步验证了小试试验的运行效果及该工艺的可行性。通过该处理工艺既可综合利用废水中的铜资源,又可将废水的pH由小于1调至大于7,有利于实现制药废水综合处理和达标排放。     

Effects of calcination temperature on physicochemical property and activity of CuSO4/TiO2 ammonia-selective catalytic reduction catalysts

CuSO₄/TiO₂ catalysts with high catalytic activity and excellent resistant to SO₂ and H₂ O,were thought to be promising catalysts used in Selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides by NH₃.The performance of catalysts is largely affected by calcination temperature.Here,effects of calcination temperature on physicochemical property and catalytic activity of CuSO₄/TiO₂ catalysts were investigated in depth.Catalyst sam...     

UV/H2O2 oxidation of tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate: Intermediate products, degradation pathway and toxicity evaluation

Tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate(TCEP) with the initial concentration of 5 mg/L was degraded by UV/H₂O₂ oxidation process. The removal rate of TCEP in the UV/H₂O₂ system was 89.1% with the production of Cl-and PO₄^3- of 0.23 and 0.64 mg/L. The removal rate of total organic carbon of the reaction was 48.8% and the pH reached 3.3 after the reaction. The oxidative degradation process of TCEP in the UV/H₂O₂ system ...     

Recent advances in catalytic decomposition of ozone

Ozone(O₃), as a harmful air pollutant, has been of wide concern. Safe, efficient, and economical O₃ removal methods urgently need to be developed. Catalytic decomposition is the most promising method for O₃ removal, especially at room temperature or even subzero temperatures. Great efforts have been made to develop high-efficiency catalysts for O₃ decomposition that can operate at low temperatures, high space velocity and high humidity. First, this rev...     

An investigation of changes in water quality throughout the drinking water production/distribution chain using toxicological and fluorescence analyses

Changes in water quality from source water to finished water and tap water at two conventional drinking water treatment plants(DWTPs) were monitored.Beside the routine water quality testing,Caenorhabditis elegans-based toxicity assays and the fluorescence excitation–emission matrices technique were also applied.Both DWTPs supplied drinking water that met government standards.Under current test conditions,both the investigated finished water and tap water samples exhibited stronger lethal,genotox...     

Tuning the fill percentage in the hydrothermal synthesis process to increase catalyst performance for ozone decomposition

The performance of Ce-OMS-2 catalysts was improved by tuning the fill percentage in the hydrothermal synthesis process to increase the oxygen vacancy density.The Ce-OMS-2 samples were prepared with different fill percentages by means of a hydrothermal approach(i.e.80%,70%,50% and 30%).Ce-OMS-2 with 80% fill percentage(Ce-OMS-2-80%)showed ozone conversion of 97%,and a lifetime experiment carried out for more than20 days showed that the activity of the catalyst still remained satisfactorily high(9...     

Preparation of hydrophobic hierarchical pore carbon–silica composite and its adsorption performance toward volatile organic compounds

Carbon–silica materials with hierarchical pores consisting of micropores and mesopores were prepared by introducing nanocarbon microspheres derived from biomass sugar into silica gel channels in a hydrothermal environment.The physicochemical properties of the materials were characterized by nitrogen physical adsorption(BET),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and thermogravimetric(TG),and the adsorption properties of various organic waste gases were investigated.The results showed that microporous...     

In situ preparation of g-C3N4/Bi4O5I2 complex and its elevated photoactivity in Methyl Orange degradation under visible light

A graphite carbon nitride(g-C₃N₄) modified Bi₄O₅I₂ composite was successfully prepared insitu via the thermal treatment of a g-C₃N₄/Bi OI precursor at 400°C for 3 hr.The as-prepared g-C₃N₄/Bi₄O₅I₂ showed high photocatalytic performance in Methyl Orange(MO) degradation under visible light.The best sample presented a degradation rate of 0.164 min^-1,which is...     

磷酸三酯酶对Vx的洗消研究进展

速杀型神经性毒剂Vx的绿色高效降解一直是军用洗消技术研究的难点和热点之一。虽然传统的化学洗消剂对Vx具有较好的洗消能力,但存在刺激皮肤、腐蚀受染装备表面、用量大、污染环境和毒副产物多的问题。因此,需要继续研究兼具高活性、低腐蚀、无毒副产物、无污染等性质的新型洗消剂。生物酶是一种天然降解因子,对化学毒剂的洗消具有一定潜力,该文综述了具有Vx洗消活性的磷酸三酯酶(PTE, phosphotriesterase, EC3.1.8.1)研究进展,旨在为Vx的酶基洗消剂研究提供参考。     

基于3种时间序列模型的九龙江河流库区藻华预测

湖库富营养化和有害藻华是全球性生态环境问题,藻华预测与早期预警是保障湖库水源地供水安全的关键技术.如何基于高频水生态在线监测数据进行藻华的实时动态预测成为水生态管理领域的重大需求.本研究以福建省九龙江江东库区(水源地)为例,利用3年连续观测的逐时平均总叶绿素a浓度数据,对比研究了SARIMA、Prophet和LSTM(长短期记忆神经网络)3种时间序列模型在藻华(日平均叶绿素a大于15μg·L^-1)预测方面的效果.结果表明：(1)时间序列模型要求参数少,灵活性强,能清晰反映水质特征和未来变化趋势,可弥补传统藻类监测预警方法的局限性;(2)基于深度学习框架的LSTM模型,具有独特的迭代优化算法,对藻类非线性变化特征的识别和预测能力较强,其总叶绿素a逐日预测和7日预测效果均显著优于SARIMA模型和Prophet模型;(3)输入数据长度会在一定程度上影响模型预测效果,最优的输入数据时间长度为7 d;输入数据频率对预测效果也有影响,在预测非藻华日时,小时数据的预测效果优于日频率数据;在预测藻华日时,两种频率数据无显著差异,但日频率数据能更准确识别藻华日特征.总结起来,基于...