全文获取类型
收费全文 | 41820篇 |
免费 | 480篇 |
国内免费 | 563篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1317篇 |
废物处理 | 1835篇 |
环保管理 | 5407篇 |
综合类 | 7366篇 |
基础理论 | 10812篇 |
环境理论 | 24篇 |
污染及防治 | 10651篇 |
评价与监测 | 2756篇 |
社会与环境 | 2411篇 |
灾害及防治 | 284篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 401篇 |
2021年 | 403篇 |
2020年 | 312篇 |
2019年 | 373篇 |
2018年 | 597篇 |
2017年 | 644篇 |
2016年 | 985篇 |
2015年 | 753篇 |
2014年 | 1111篇 |
2013年 | 3404篇 |
2012年 | 1390篇 |
2011年 | 1860篇 |
2010年 | 1505篇 |
2009年 | 1588篇 |
2008年 | 1862篇 |
2007年 | 1927篇 |
2006年 | 1693篇 |
2005年 | 1426篇 |
2004年 | 1309篇 |
2003年 | 1401篇 |
2002年 | 1250篇 |
2001年 | 1573篇 |
2000年 | 1148篇 |
1999年 | 696篇 |
1998年 | 493篇 |
1997年 | 495篇 |
1996年 | 521篇 |
1995年 | 578篇 |
1994年 | 585篇 |
1993年 | 507篇 |
1992年 | 520篇 |
1991年 | 501篇 |
1990年 | 544篇 |
1989年 | 465篇 |
1988年 | 404篇 |
1987年 | 373篇 |
1986年 | 347篇 |
1985年 | 375篇 |
1984年 | 395篇 |
1983年 | 384篇 |
1982年 | 372篇 |
1981年 | 357篇 |
1980年 | 304篇 |
1979年 | 316篇 |
1978年 | 261篇 |
1977年 | 213篇 |
1975年 | 203篇 |
1974年 | 214篇 |
1972年 | 220篇 |
1971年 | 205篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 291 毫秒
41.
E.W. Lees 《Natural resources forum》1993,17(4):288-293
Energy efficiency is often stated to be the most cost-effective measure for satisfying our energy demand with minimal environmental damage. However, the potential energy savings attainable in 'the real world' are frequently overestimated, as is shown in an industrial case study of the glass industry. Nevertheless, there are significant energy savings to be realized, and the role of new technologies in this is important. However, the key to the effective use of new technology for improved energy efficiency is good management and. for best effect, it must be integrated into the normal resource management activities of a company. 相似文献
42.
Taking Sustainable Cities Seriously: a comparative analysis of twenty-four US cities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kent E. Portney 《Local Environment》2002,7(4):363-380
After briefly reviewing some conceptual underpinnings of sustainable cities, this paper analyses and compares sustainable cities initiatives in 24 US cities. The central question addressed in the paper is why some cities seem to take sustainability more seriously than others. Numerous demographic, socioeconomic and other characteristics of the cities are correlated with an Index of Taking Sustainability Seriously, which is a composite of some 34 different variables indicating whether each city engages in specific sustainability programmes, policies or activities. Many of the standard explanations, such as the income and wealth of the community, the liberalness of the city and the growth pressures placed on the city, are found to exhibit no correlation with the seriousness of the sustainability effort. What do correlate with the Index are: reliance on manufacturing, where having more residents employed in manufacturing industries is associated with less seriousness; and, the age of the population, where cities with older populations take sustainability more seriously. This has three implications for the future development of sustainable cities. First, some of the cities that might be said to need sustainability programmes the most--cities with heavy manufacturing that are more prone to pollution production--are the least likely to take such programmes seriously. Secondly, as cities' manufacturing bases decline, they should find it increasingly feasible to engage in sustainability initiatives. And, thirdly, as the populations of cities age, policy-makers should also find it easier to support, develop and take seriously sustainability programmes. 相似文献
43.
P Joseph S Viswanatha M K Krishnakumari 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》1992,27(3):269-280
The haematotoxicity of technical hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) (1000 ppm) was investigated in male albino rats fed with diet free of vitamin A or containing vitamin A at 2000 or 10(5) I.U./kg. Assessment of HCH-induced haematotoxicity at the end of the 7 weeks feeding period was done on the basis of haemoglobin content, total count of red blood cells and white blood cells and the differential counts of the white blood cells as well as by parameters such as packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin content, prothrombin time and clotting time. In the rats fed with vitamin A-free diet containing HCH, significant reductions were noticed in the total white blood cells count, clotting time and prothrombin time indicating severe haematotoxicity. Differential count of the white blood cells of these rats revealed a non-significant reduction in the lymphocyte count. The only indication of haematotoxicity caused by hexachlorocyclohexane in the vitamin A supplemented rats was a slight but statistically significant reduction of the total count of white blood cells. These results demonstrate that the haematotoxicity of hexachlorocyclohexane in the rats is enhanced by vitamin A-deficiency and its supplementation particularly in excess but not at hypervitaminotic level is protective against the toxicity. 相似文献
44.
J. Malczewski R. Moreno-Sanchez L.A. Bojorquez-Tapia E. Ongay-Delhumeau 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1997,40(3):349-374
This paper is concerned with developing a model for group decision making under multiple criteria. The multiple criteria group decision making (MCGDM)problem involves a set of feasible land use patterns that are evaluated on the basis of multiple, conflicting and noncommensurate criteria by a group of individuals. The model integrates the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and an integer mathematical programming method. The former provides a tool for structuring the decision problem and determining land suitability for different socio-economicactivities (the uses of land), the latter is used to identify the land use pattern that maximizes consensus among interest groups. The model is used to analyze environmental conflict over land resource allocation in the Cape Region of Mexico. 相似文献
45.
46.
Collaborative policy making has become increasingly significant in environmental management, but it is often evaluated by whether or not agreement is reached and implemented. The most important outcomes of such policy dialogues are often invisible or undervalued when seen through the lens of a traditional, modernist paradigm of government and accountability. These dialogues represent a new paradigm of governance that can be best understood in the light of a complex adaptive system model of society. From this perspective collaborative policy making is a way of making a system more flexible, adaptive and intelligent. The authors document such outcomes in three cases of water policy making in California, including the San Francisco Estuary Project, the CALFED Bay-Delta Program and the Sacramento Area Water Forum. The outcomes include social and political capital, agreed-on information, the end of stalemates, high-quality agreements, learning and change, innovation and new practices involving networks and flexibility. 相似文献
47.
From 1988 to 1991, we studied the postfledging dispersal of 31 radio-tagged White-crowned Pigeons ( Columba leucocephala ) from three natal keys in Florida Bay. Immature birds dispersed from the natal keys at 26–45 days after batching, and most young dispersed more than 20 km during the first 10 days postdispersal. Dispersing birds flew either north to the Florida mainland or east to northeast to the mainline Florida Keys. On the mainland, immature birds fed nearly exclusively within Everglades National Park or an adjacent state wildlife management area. On the mainline keys, White-crowned Pigeons selectively used 5.01–20 ha forest fragments (p < 0.10) during the first 72 hours postdispersal. After this period, dispersing birds showed no preference among fragment size classes but used deciduous seasonal forests more frequently than suburban habitat(p < 0.10). The spatial pattern of dispersal on the mainline keys suggests that, during the first 72 hours postdispersal. White-crowned Pigeons are not able to reach northern Key Largo, where 69% of the deciduous seasonal forests are protected in state or federal ownership. Protection of large forest fragments, especially on southern Key Largo, should be a priority for maintaining populations of White-crowned Pigeons. These forests provide a series of "stepping stones" that enable dispersing immature White-crowned Pigeons to fly to more distant areas where habitat availability is less restricted. This species is threatened in Florida and may play an important role in maintaining plant species diversity in the seasonal deciduous forests of south Florida by dispersing seeds of at least 37 species of trees and shrubs. Protection of sufficient habitat to allow successful postfledging dispersal of this important seed disperser will also protect the ecosystem's biodiversity. 相似文献
48.
An experimental investigation of explanations for inconsistencies in responses to second offers in double referenda 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Anthony C. Burton Katherine S. Carson Susan M. Chilton W. George Hutchinson 《Journal of Environmental Economics and Management》2003,46(3):472
This paper demonstrates the potential for induced preference experiments to test previously unverified explanations of observed behavior in contingent valuation surveys. The NOAA Panel on Contingent Valuation called for experimental evidence on potential biases in the double referendum format. We test Carson, Groves, and Machina's (Incentives and informational properties of preference questions, Plenary address to the European Association of Resource and Environmental Economists, Oslo, Norway, June 1999) simple cost uncertainty and weighted averaging explanations of inconsistent responses to follow-up offers in such double referenda against a baseline of certainty and truthful preference revelation. The results find evidence to support the Weighted Average hypothesis. Results regarding the cost uncertainty hypothesis are more ambiguous and merit further investigation. 相似文献
49.
50.
Data on the existence of a specific system regulating the growth, size, and structure of enterobacterial populations are first summarized in terms of the chemical ecology concept formulated by S.S. Shvarts. The role of this system in transgene functioning is described using the example of the lux operon integrated into Escherichia coli. A relatively simple test for estimating such interactions is proposed.Translated from Ekologiya, No. 2, 2005, pp. 91–96.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Pshenichnov, Maslennikova, Nikitina. 相似文献