水玻璃/聚电解质复合凝胶阻化材料及其性能

以水玻璃和有机聚电解质杂化复合,制备水玻璃/聚电解质复合凝胶材料,并将该凝胶材料与原煤复合,研究其阻化性能。结果表明:相同时间内,随着水玻璃与聚电解质质量比的降低,凝胶粘度从913 mPa.s提高到3 780mPa.s;当水玻璃与聚电解质质量比为9∶1,反应时间为20~35 min时,制备的复合凝胶具有良好的保水性;SEM表明复合凝胶与原煤复合良好;TG-DTA热分析表明复合凝胶的添加提高了煤的分解燃烧温度;原煤与凝胶复合后,能有效地抑制煤受热时的CO释放量,并且随温度的升高,阻化效果增强;当阻燃剂与制备的复合凝胶复合后,所制备的阻化剂在150℃时阻化率为73.4%。     

奇异灾难面面观

2000年7月10日上午7时,菲律宾首都马尼拉郊外奎松市贫民区的一座垃圾山突然发出惊天动地的巨响,夹带着粘稠液体和刺鼻的异味崩塌了。山下的100多间棚屋顷刻间被埋得踪影全无,一个昏死过去的男子趴在垃圾堆上,救援人员赶紧过去想把他抬上担架送医院抢救,可他的一条腿被垃圾堆里的铁丝死死缠住丝毫动弹不得,而不远处还埋     

乌鞘岭隧道施工环境保护措施探讨

对乌鞘岭隧道施工过程中的环境保护措施进行了探讨,对施工过程中产生的水污染、大气及洞内空气污染、固体废弃物污染、噪声污染、植被破坏等采取了相应的措施,取得了良好的效果。     

冶炼厂废水泵的汽蚀

常用离心泵排送冶炼厂废水时,废水泵易发生汽蚀。分析了形成废水泵汽蚀的各种因素,特别分析了废水生成“汽蚀核子”的特点,找出了防治废水泵汽蚀的有效措施。     

惊天霹雳点燃大油库

16年前的1989年8月12日,青岛市黄岛油库因遭雷击引发了建国以来最大的一起油库大火,震憾了国内外。在突如其来的灾难面前,在生与死、血与火的考验面前,我和广大消防官兵一起战斗104个小时,终将大火扑灭。火灾带来的教训是沉痛的。在16年后的今天,回头再看那场惊心动魄的大火,还会带给我们深深的思索。     

Size fractionation and characterization of nanocolloidal particles in soils

A protocol was developed to fractionate soil particles down to the nanocolloid scale by combining sieving, sedimentation, centrifugation, and cross-flow filtration (CFF). The validity of the method and the performance of the CFF system were tested by characterizing fractions using laser granulometry, electron microscopy, and chemical analysis. The 0.1-μm-pore-size membrane CFF system effectively retained nanocolloids (<0.1 μm) as shown by laser granulometry and observed directly by transmission electron microscopy. However, environmental scanning electron microscopy images of freeze-dried colloids were very different from their TEM counterparts, suggesting that sample preparation influenced microscopy imaging. Chemical analysis of Cu, Cd, and organic carbon in each fraction showed that the concentrations of these components increased as particle size decreased, indicating colloids and nanocolloids play an important role in retaining trace metals. Particle-size fractionation combined with chemical analysis and electron microscopy can provide insight into the nature and properties of nanocolloids in soil.     

废钢渣粉渣湿法脱硫工艺实验研究

以马钢三钢渣厂钢渣为吸收剂,进行了钢渣湿法烟气脱硫工艺的实验研究。通过分析钢渣的组成成分及反应机理,研究了液气比L/G、浆液浓度μ、pH值等主要参数对钢渣湿法脱硫率η的影响。实验结果显示,通过合理的设计和适当的操作,可使钢渣湿法脱硫效率达60%以上,具有一定的应用价值。     

Co- or Ni-modified Sn-MnOx low-dimensional multi-oxides for high-efficient NH3-SCR De-NOx: Performance optimization and reaction mechanism

NH₃-SCR performances were explored to the relationship between structure morphology and physio-chemical properties over low-dimensional ternary Mn-based catalysts prepared by one-step synthesis method.Due to its strong oxidation performance,Sn-MnOx was prone to side reactions between NO,NH₃ and O₂,resulting in the generation of more NO₂ and N₂ O,here most of N₂ O was driven from the non-selective oxidation of NH₃,while ...     

Hydraulic characteristics of open-channel flow with partially-placed double layer rigid vegetation

Environmental Fluid Mechanics - Vegetation in watercourses can influence different aspects of flow structure, subsequently affecting many processes of flow, such as pollutant transportation,...     

RTCA与CCK-8法用于检测柴油废气颗粒物致支气管上皮细胞毒性的比较研究

运用实时无标记细胞分析系统(RTCA)和Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)法分别检测柴油废气颗粒物(DEP)致支气管上皮细胞(HBE)细胞毒性,从而对2种方法进行比较研究.分别以浓度为0、3.5、7、14、28和56 mg·L-1 2种柴油废气标准参考颗粒物(Standard Reference Material 1650b,SRM 1650b;Standard Reference Material 2975,SRM 2975)对 HBE 细胞进行暴露处理,分别暴露6、12、24和48 h后,检测不同DEP致HBE细胞毒性,比较各组之间细胞存活率或标准化细胞指数(normalized cell index,NCI)值的差异,考察2种方法的优缺点.并用细胞凋亡实验检测各差异组之间的凋亡率.在相同染毒浓度及暴露时间,与SRM 1650b相比,SRM 2975对HBE细胞的毒性更强.在RTCA检测DEP致HBE细胞毒性时,低浓度DEP组的NCI值已经表现出与对照组有统计学差异(P＜0.05),而相同时间条件下,CCK-8法在更高浓度的DEP组才检测出显著的细胞活性下降(P＜0.05).且由细胞凋亡实验证实,与对照组相比,低浓度DEP组的细胞凋亡率已经有统计学差异.相对于CCK-8法,RTCA更适用于检测DEP致贴壁HBE细胞毒性.CCK-8法更适用于检测DEP致悬浮细胞的细胞毒性或与气液暴露装置联用时的贴壁/悬浮细胞毒性.