邻避补偿机制的地方实践与思考 ——以环保基础设施为例

当前,因环保基础设施建设或运营引发的环境邻避事件呈高发频发态势。而邻避补偿具有利益调节和再分配功能,成为缓解公众邻避情绪、削减邻避冲突的重要政策手段。本文以环保基础设施为重点,研究邻避补偿机制的内涵,分析国内开展邻避补偿的进展情况和存在的突出问题等,并提出相关建议:加快建设邻避补偿政策体系;创新邻避补偿方式方法;将邻避补偿纳入项目决策环节;推动建立多方参与的协商机制;建立有效的监督机制等。     

Construction of an egg-like DTAB/SiO2 composite for the enhanced removal of uranium

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - For the past few years, the environmental safety problems of radioactive nuclides caused wide public concern. In this work, the dodecyl trimethyl...     

Antibiotic of tetracycline can delay water absorption and germination of Brassica seeds even at low concentrations and it is dependent on seed inherent characteristics

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Processes of seed water absorption and germination are critical for seedling establishment. To investigate the effect of tetracycline (TC), a...     

Toxicity mechanism of cerium oxide nanoparticles on cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and their ecological risks

The extensive application of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs), a type of rare earth nanomaterial, led to pollution into aquatic environments. Cyanobacteria, a significant component of freshwater ecosystems, can interact with CeO₂ NPs. However, little attention has been paid as to whether CeO₂ NPs will have adverse effects on cyanobacteria. In the present study, Microcystis aeruginosa (FACHB-942) was exposed to different concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 50 mg/L) of CeO₂ NPs. Results showed 50 mg/L CeO₂ NPs inhibited algal growth (11.48%?±?5.76%), suppressed photosynthesis and induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after 72 h exposure. The toxicity mechanism is the adsorption of CeO₂ NPs on cell surface, the ROS formation and the intracellular Ce. Additionally, the intracellular microcystins (MCs) content was significantly induced (11.84%?±?1.47%) by 50 mg/L CeO₂ NPs, while no significance was found in 1 and 10 mg/L CeO₂ NP treatments. Results indicated high concentrations of CeO₂ NPs could be toxic to algae through the adverse effects on algal growth and photosynthesis. Moreover, the promoted MCs production could also pose a threat to freshwater ecosystems due to the possible release into the environment.

     

考虑岩石蠕变与损伤的直立层状边坡倾倒模型

倾倒破坏是直立层状岩质边坡失稳破坏的模式之一,目前仅研究了岩石分别为线弹性体、损伤体或蠕变体时在自重作用下边坡倾倒临界高度的计算方法,而实际工程中,岩体则往往同时具有损伤及蠕变特性。为此,针对软岩中同时存在的损伤与蠕变特性,在经典欧拉压杆模型的基础上分别假定岩石为Maxwell蠕变体、基于Weibull分布的统计损伤体及损伤与蠕变共存的复合体等三种模型,获得了相应的边坡倾倒临界高度计算方法,并讨论了相关参数对计算结果的影响。研究结果表明,在直立层状边坡倾倒计算中,应同时考虑细观损伤与蠕变对计算结果的影响,当考虑岩石蠕变性时,边坡倾倒临界高度随时间增加近似呈指数规律下降。     

人类活动对轨道尺度全球季风区降水影响的模拟研究【封面文章】

目前，人类活动导致的温室气体增加是全球气候变化的主要驱动因素之一，但其在轨道尺度上对未来气候影响的研究却很少。利用海-陆-气耦合模式，对早全新世（距今10 ka前）、现代和未来10 ka后的气候进行了一系列敏感性数值试验，主要探讨了在轨道尺度上自然强迫和人为温室气体对全球季风区气候变化的可能影响。模拟结果表明：在自然强迫驱动下，未来10 ka后的地球气候与早全新世类似，北半球的地表温度和降水将高于工业革命前的水平，而南半球则相反。在人类活动驱动下，未来10 ka后全球地表温度将显著增加，除北美季风区外，所有季风区雨季的降水都将增加。受人类活动的影响，与工业革命前相比，极端降水和大气有效降水也将增加。在自然强迫下，雨季大气有效降水的增加主要是由于动力作用引起的大气环流增强，而人类活动引起的现代和未来10 ka后大气有效降水的增加主要是由于热力作用引起的大气水汽增加所致。     

羟胺对一体式部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺的原位恢复及运行稳定性的影响

一体式部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化(CPNA)工艺的脱氮性能常因亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)大量增殖导致的N03--N积累而恶化.本研究通过连续试验考察长期低剂量投加羟胺(NH2OH)对CPNA工艺原位恢复及其长期运行稳定性的影响.结果表明,低剂量投加NH2OH(1.5 mg?L-1)可快速原位恢复CPNA工艺,TN去除率在45...     

Distribution characteristics and potential pollution assessment of heavy metals (Cd,Pb, Zn) in reservoir sediments from a historical artisanal zinc smelting area in Southwest China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Reservoir sediment contamination with heavy metals produced by mining activities has aroused widespread global concern owing to its potential threat...     

Particle size effects in microbial characteristics in thermophilic anaerobic digestion of cattle manure containing copper oxide

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Roles of bulk-, micron-, and nano-copper oxide (CuO) on methane production, microbial diversity, functions during thermophilic anaerobic digestion...