Water Quality Modeling for a Typical Urban Lake Based on the EFDC Model

Urban lakes are typically characterized by fragile ecological capacities and complex management of their hydrospheric ecosystems. The aims of this study are to establish a reliable hydrodynamic-water quality model for an urban lake, to investigate the responses of water quality to different extreme hydrological conditions associated with rainstorms, and to explore the results from different modeled scenarios surrounding the pollution threats associated with a sewage leak. A three-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model was developed in this study. The model was calibrated and validated using observed data. The model results agreed well with the observed data, and the averaged relative root mean-squared error (RRMSE) for all of the compared variables was 33.3 %. The validated model was applied to analyze water quality responses for different extreme historical rainfall scenarios from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012. The model results indicate that for Lake Tianyinhu, rainstorms adversely affect water quality due to larger nutrient loads, generated by larger rainfall events, and the limited water storage capacity of the lake. Moreover, the responses of water quality to sewage leak events were studied through four scenarios with different leak intensities and durations. The model results indicate that sewage leaks have measureable negative effects on water quality and that it is vital to inspect and promptly eliminate any possible leaks within pipes surrounding the lake. This study may provide a useful tool for hydrological ecosystem protection and management techniques for similar urban lakes.     

基于GIS的乡镇洪涝灾害风险评估与区划技术——以山东省淄博市临淄区为例

基于乡镇气象资料历史序列的构建,利用AHP决策分析法和加权综合评价法,结合GIS空间分析技术,对山东省淄博市临淄区洪涝风险进行评估与区划。结果表明,临淄区洪涝危险性主要受洪涝频率影响,总体趋势是东北部高于西南部;洪涝灾害暴露性风险分布区域性较强,西部明显高于东部;脆弱性风险分布相对较分散,总体上北部地区脆弱性高于南部地区;防灾减灾能力北部地区强于南部。临淄区洪涝风险综合指数普遍较高,高值集中在人口、经济密度较高的临淄市区以及危险性较高的西北地区;风险指数受危险性影响较大;全区中、高风险的面积占总面积的69.2%。     

Efficiency assessment of coal energy and non-coal energy under bound dynamic DDF DEA

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The demand for energy has continued to increase because of global economic development, which has led to rising fuel prices and continued pollution...     

Vertical aerosol data assimilation technology and application based on satellite and ground lidar: A review and outlook

Observations and numerical models are mainly used to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution and vertical structure characteristics of aerosols to understand aerosol pollution and its effects. However, the limitations of observations and the uncertainties of numerical models bias aerosol calculations and predictions. Data assimilation combines observations and numerical models to improve the accuracy of the initial, analytical fields of models and promote the development of atmospheric aerosol pollution research. Numerous studies have been conducted to integrate multi-source data, such as aerosol optical depth and aerosol extinction coefficient profile, into various chemical transport models using various data assimilation algorithms and have achieved good assimilation results. The definition of data assimilation and the main algorithms will be briefly presented, and the progress of aerosol assimilation according to two types of aerosol data, namely, aerosol optical depth and extinction coefficient, will be presented. The application of vertical aerosol data assimilation, as well as the future trends and challenges of aerosol data assimilation, will be further analysed.     

Tuning the primary selective nanochannels of MOF thin-film nanocomposite nanofiltration membranes for efficient removal of hydrophobic endocrine disrupting compounds

• PA layer properties tune the primary nanochannels in MIL-101(Cr) TFN NF membranes. • The dense PA layer induced transition of primary nanochannels of TFN NF membranes. • Nanochannels around MOF contributed to the improved flux with a loose PA structure. • Nanochannels in MOFs dominated the separation performance with a dense PA structure. Metal organic framework (MOF) incorporated thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes have the potential to enhance the removal of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). In MOF-TFN membranes, water transport nanochannels include (i) pores of polyamide layer, (ii) pores in MOFs and (iii) channels around MOFs (polyamide-MOF interface). However, information on how to tune the nanochannels to enhance EDCs rejection is scarce, impeding the refinement of TFN membranes toward efficient removal of EDCs. In this study, by changing the polyamide properties, the water transport nanochannels could be confined primarily in pores of MOFs when the polyamide layer became dense. Interestingly, the improved rejection of EDCs was dependent on the water transport channels of the TFN membrane. At low monomer concentration (i.e., loose polyamide structure), the hydrophilic nanochannels of MIL-101(Cr) in the polyamide layer could not dominate the membrane separation performance, and hence the extent of improvement in EDCs rejection was relatively low. In contrast, at high monomer concentration (i.e., dense polyamide structure), the hydrophilic nanochannels of MIL-101(Cr) were responsible for the selective removal of hydrophobic EDCs, demonstrating that the manipulation of water transport nanochannels in the TFN membrane could successfully overcome the permeability and EDCs rejection trade-off. Our results highlight the potential of tuning primary selective nanochannels of MOF-TFN membranes for the efficient removal of EDCs.     

马钢四铁厂2600mm喷吹罐的检验和缺陷修复

介绍了 2 6 0 0mm喷吹罐的检验工艺过程 ,并对缺陷进行了修复     

应用混合菌种处理腈纶废水中的硫氰酸钠

从污泥中分离到能去除硫氰酸钠的混合菌SAT13,它是由自养菌和异养菌所组成,其中包含:排硫杆菌(Thiobacillus thioparus)、中间硫杆菌(Thiobacillusintermedius)、节细菌(Arthrobacter sp.)假单胞杆菌(Pseudomonas sp.)和固氮菌(Azotobacter sp.)。该混合菌降解NaSCN的能力较高,还具有降解丙烯腈、异丙醇、丙酮等有机污染物的能力。应用该混合菌在二级浸没式滤池上接种挂膜,处理含NaSCN的腈纶废水,形成的生物膜氧化NaSCN活性高。经十个月的中型试验,水力负荷保持在9.615m~3/m~3/day,CODcr负荷为3.12kg/m~3/day,BOD_5负荷为1.91kg/m~3/day,则CODcr平均去除率可达81.56%,BOD_5平均去除率为82.63%,NaSCN平均去除率为95.76%,出水含量小于2mg/l,其他污染物的净化效果也是令人满意的,出水水质达到排放标准。     

印楝素对亚洲玉米螟的生物活性及蛋白质合成的影响

室内生物测定表明,印楝素对玉米螟幼虫具有明显的毒杀作用和抑制生长发育的活性.浓度3×10-6 ~15×10-6印楝素处理幼虫,均出现活动性降低、化蛹延迟、蛹出现畸形的现象,甚至形成永久性幼虫,且与处理浓度有一定的相关性.同时发现,经印楝素处理后,亚洲玉米螟48h蛹蛋白质的含量和组分与对照相比出现明显的差异,含量与处理浓度有较好的相关性.SDS-PAGE结果显示, 经3×10-6 ~15×10-6印楝素处理,昆虫的蛹均出现分子量Mr55×103、50×103两种新蛋白组分,减少了21. 6×103、20×103两种蛋白组分;另外10×10-6和15×10-6印楝素处理还减少了22×103蛋白组分, 15×10-6处理还出现9×103新蛋白组分; 这6种差异蛋白可能是印楝素分子作用的相关蛋白. 图2表1参20     

超临界水氧化法改善有机污染物可生化性的研究

难生化有机污染物二甲基甲酰胺、乙睛、氨基萘磺酸或羟基萘磺酸的高浓度水溶液 (4777— 2 82 4 4mg/L) ,经超临界水氧化处理后 ,其可生化性都有了大幅度的提高。二甲基甲酰胺、乙睛、氨基萘磺酸和羟基萘磺酸处理前的BOD5/CODCr,分别为 8.4 %、1.5 6 %、1.5 6 %和 2 .73%。经过超临界水氧化处理 ,它们的BOD5/CODCr可分别达到 2 3.2 %、5 5 .1%、5 0 .2 %和 38.8%。且随着处理温度的升高和COD去除率的上升 ,可生化性越来越好。这表明 ,超临界水氧化法不仅可以用来彻底降解有机污染物 ,也可以用于难生化有机污染物的预处理 ,为难生化有机污染物的生物处理创造条件     

纳米级Fe3O4-Pd/Fe复合材料催化脱氯2,4-D研究

采用共沉淀法制备纳米级Fe_3O_4,将其包覆在纳米Pd/Fe颗粒表面制成纳米级Fe_3O_4-Pd/Fe复合材料,并用于2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)的催化脱氯.同时,采用透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)等方法对复合材料的结构进行分析,并考察了初始pH、钯化率、反应温度、纳米Fe_3O_4投加量等实验参数对n Fe_3O_4-Pd/Fe复合材料催化脱氯2,4-D的影响.结果发现,纳米Fe_3O_4粒径小于Pd/Fe纳米颗粒,具有一定的磁性,包覆于纳米Pd/Fe表面,提高了纳米材料的稳定性及分散性,并有利于复合材料的回收和循环利用.此外,纳米Fe_3O_4具有一定的导电性,可作为良好的电子通道为纳米Pd/Fe颗粒传递电子,促进反应的进行,增强2,4-D的去除效果.实验结果表明,较高的钯化率、反应温度、Fe_3O_4∶Fe质量比及中性pH条件均有利于反应的进行.当纳米Fe投加量为1.0 g·L-1,m(Fe_3O_4)∶m(Fe)为1∶1,初始pH为7.0,钯化率为0.15%,反应温度为25.0℃时,反应90 min后,40.0 mg·L-1的2,4-D的去除率达到100%,苯氧乙酸(PA)的生成率达99.8%.