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151.
Sara Kaffe M.D. Carol Eliasen Livia Wan Norman Charles Valerie Jansen M. Alba Greco Lillian Y. F. Hsu 《黑龙江环境通报》1989,9(12):857-861
68,XX triploidy was found in the amniotic fluid cell culture of a 40-year-old patient. Elective termination of the pregnancy revealed a fetus with multiple congenital anomalies. While this case does show some common features with monosomy X, a greater similarity to the triploidy syndrome is observed. 相似文献
152.
The frequency of mosaicism and pseudomosaicism in the prenatal diagnosis of cytogenetic disorders is reported, based on 3000 pregnancies studied in our laboratory. Diagnosis of true mosaicism was only made when an abnomality was detected in two or more independent cultures established from an amniotic fluid sample. On this basis, 0.37 per cent of all cases were diagnosed as true mosaics. 1.07 per cent of all cases had pseudomosaicism involving more than one cell from the same culture with an identical abnormality. 4.13 per cent of cases had a single abnormal cell with an extra chromosome, loss of a sex chromosome (or part of a sex chromosome), or translocation. Details of the outcome and follow-up of cases is given. Particularly problematical were cases where multiple cells from one culture contained an abnormality which could have been clinically significant. A crude estimate of the extent to which true mosaicism might currently be misinterpreted as pseudomosaicism or entirely missed has been made, based on data from the U.S. survey (Hsu and Perlis, in press). It was concluded that even when two, and if necessary a third culture is extensively analysed with an average of 24 cells per culture counted, at least 4.5 per cent of cases of true mosaicism may be completely missed and at least 7 per cent could be misdiagnosed as pseudomosaicism. There is an urgent need for improved laboratory techniques which allow growth of a greater number of cell colonies and therefore a more broadly based analysis. Detailed long term follow-up of prenatally diagnosed mosaics is also essential for assessing the clinical significance of the laboratory findings. 相似文献
153.
AdultActinopyga echinites (Jaeger) were collected from northern Taiwan in September 1989. Oocytes were induced to mature by bathing them in ovary juice (ovary-induced ova) or in 10–2
M dithiothreitol (DTT-induced ova). The percentage of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) increased from 0.4 to 6.4% in the former treatment and to 84% in the latter. After artificial fertilization, the embryos were cultured in seawater (35 S) at 25 to 28°C. Larvae were fed with the algaIsochysis aff.galbana at 104–5 cells/ml. Larvae from ovary-induced ova developed faster (18 d to the doliolaria stage) and grew to a larger size (1.13 mm length) than those from DTT-induced ova (20 d to the doliolaria stage and 0.62 mm in length). On the twelfth day, larvae from ovary-induced ova bear lipid spheres. The number of spheres is positively correlated with larval size. Lipid spheres may provide nutrient reserves for larvae during metamorphosis. 相似文献
154.
Motivated by the problem of detecting spatial autocorrelation in increment- averaged data from soil core samples, we use the
Cholesky decomposition of the inverse of an autocovariance matrix to derive a parametric linear regression model for autocovariances.
In the absence of autocorrelation, the off-diagonal terms in the lower triangular matrix from the Cholesky decomposition should
be identically zero, and so the regression coefficients should be identically zero. The standard F-test of this hypothesis and two bootstrapped versions of the test are evaluated as autocorrelation diagnostics via simulation.
Size is assessed for a variety of heteroskedastic null hypotheses. Power is evaluated against autocorrelated alternatives,
including increment-averaged Ornstein-Uhlenbeck and Matérn processes. The bootstrapped tests maintain approximately the correct
size and have good power against moderately autocorrelated alternatives. The methods are applied to data from a study of carbon
sequestration in agricultural soils. 相似文献
155.
Shang Hwa Hsu Chun-Chia Lee Muh-Cherng Wu Kenichi Takano 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2010,23(5):646-653
Organizational theorists have recently begun to pay research attention to the workforces of emerging countries in Asia, especially the greater China regions. However, little research has focused on the influence of organizational factors on safety in these countries. This study hypothesized that organizational factors, characterized as safety leadership perspective (management commitment, blame culture) and safety climate perspective (harmonious relationships), would influence group-level safety management, which would in turn influence individual level safety awareness and practices. To test this hypothesis, a safety climate questionnaire was distributed to ten Taiwanese plants in high-risk industries. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the linkages among organizational level factors, work-group-level factors, and workers’ safety awareness and practices. We found that safety leadership style and organizational harmony in Taiwanese high-risk industries can exert significant influences on work-group processes, which in turn have greater effects on individual safety awareness and practices. These findings and implications can serve as a basis for safety improvement in areas of the greater China region. 相似文献
156.
This paper presents a real-time simulation-optimization operation procedure for determining the reservoir releases at each time step during a flood. The proposed procedure involves two models, i.e., a hydrological forecasting model and a reservoir operation model. In the reservoir operation model, this paper compares two flood-control operation strategies for a multipurpose multireservoir system. While Strategy 1 is the real-time joint reservoir operations without using the balanced water level index (BWLI) method, Strategy 2 involves real-time joint reservoir operations using the BWLI method. The two strategies presented are formulated as mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problems. The idea of using the BWLI method is derived from the HEC-5 program developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers. The proposed procedure has been applied to the Tanshui River Basin system in Taiwan using the 6h ahead forecast data of six typhoons. A comparison of the results obtained from the two strategies reveals that Strategy 2 performs much better than Strategy 1 in determining the reservoir real-time releases throughout the system during flood emergencies in order to minimize flooding, while maintaining all reservoirs in the system in balance if possible. Consequently, the proposed model using the BWLI method demonstrates its effectiveness in estimating real-time releases. 相似文献
157.
Threat of heavy metal pollution in halophytic and mangrove plants of Tamil Nadu, India 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mangrove and halophytic plants occur along the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu, south India and these plants have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. Heavy metals are known to pose a potential threat to terrestrial and aquatic biota. However, little is known on the toxic levels of heavy metals found in mangrove and halophytic plants that are used in traditional medicine in India. To understand heavy metal toxicity, we investigated the bioconcentration factors (BCF) of heavy metals in leaves collected from eight mangroves and five halophytes in the protected Pichavaram mangrove forest reserve in Tamil Nadu State, south India. Data presented in this paper describe the impact of essential (Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn and Zn) and non-essential/environmentally toxic trace metals (Hg, Pb and Sn) in mangrove and halophytic medicinal plants. The concentrations of Pb among 13 plant species were higher than the normal range of contamination reported for plants. The average concentration of Hg in the halophytic plants (0.43+/-0.37mug/g) was seven times higher than mangrove plants (0.06+/-0.03mug/g) and it indicated pollutants from industrial sources affecting halophytes more than mangroves. 相似文献
158.
Developmental exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE 209): effects on thyroid hormone and hepatic enzyme activity in male mouse offspring 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Decabrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE 209) is the second most used brominated flame retardant (BFRs). Many studies have shown that some of the BFRs act as endocrine disruptors via alterations in thyroid hormone homeostasis and affect development. Little is known about the effect of prenatal exposure to PBDE 209 on the development in male offspring. Using a CD-1 mouse model, we attempt to estimate the possible effect of in utero exposure to PBDE 209 on thyroid hormone and hepatic enzymes activities in male offspring. Pregnant mice were administered different doses of PBDE 209 (10, 500, and 1500 mg/kg/day) or corn oil for controls per gavage from gestational days 0-17. In adult male offspring whose mothers had been treated with 1500 mg/kg of PBD 209, hepatic enzyme activity of S9 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) was weak but significantly increased (54%). However, no significant changes were observed in S9 4-nitrophenol uridinediphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) in any of the treatment groups. Serum triiodothyronine (T3) was found to have decreased significantly (ca. 21% both 10 mg/kg and 1500 mg/kg) in offspring, but not thyroxine (T4). Histopathological examination revealed that prenatal exposure of PBDE 209 might be related with cell swelling of hepatocytes in male offspring and there were mild changes in the thyroid glands in 1500 mg/kg group. These data demonstrate that PBDE 209 is likely an endocrine disrupter in male mice following exposure during development. Further studies using environmentally relevant doses are needed for hazard identification. 相似文献
159.
High variation of PCDDs, PCDFs, and dioxin-like PCBs ratio in cooked food from the first total diet survey in Taiwan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study determined the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in 240 individual food samples, belonging to 37 different foodstuffs in first total diet study (TDS) in Taiwan. The foods were collected from markets located in eight cities or counties around Taiwan. The food was cooked in a laboratory according to recipes typically used in Taiwan. In this study, PCDD/Fs were lower than the limits proposed by the European Union (EU) regulation for commercialized food, except for a notable PCDD/Fs level in ducks (3.660 pg WHO-TEQ/g, fat) obtained from central Taiwan. We hypothesize the duck meat might be probably polluted via emission of a fly ash recycling plant located near the duck farms. In addition to fish, most foods had high PCDD/Fs to dl-PCBs ratio. Needle fish and sea perch had relatively lower PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs levels compared with those in other fish. Data from this study can be utilized for further consideration about dietary intake. 相似文献
160.
We investigated the characteristics of ambient particles and their relationships with various environmental factors, including
gaseous pollutants (CH4, non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), total hydrocarbons (THC), NOx, CO, SO2), meteorological parameters
(humidity, temperature), and time (day/night, workday/weekend). We used an electrical low-pressure cascade impactor to measure
the number and size distributions of ambient particles (0.007–10 m) that were collected approximately 1 km northwest of Hsinchu
Science Park in Taiwan between February and May 2007. The number concentrations of particles were enhanced through photochemical
reactions during the day. In addition, high traffic flow during workdays increased the formation of particulates. Except for SO2, all of
the gaseous pollutants we studied (CH4, NMHC, THC, NOx, CO) correlated positively with the total number concentrations of ambient
particles during daytime, indicating that they might contribute to the particulate burden. The poorer relationship between the SO2 level
and the total number concentration of particles suggests that SO2 might participate indirectly in the nucleation process during particle
formation, The high enrichment factors for Zn, Pb, Cu, and Mn, which mostly comprised the ultrafine particles (diameter: < 0.1 m)
and fine particles (diameter: 0.1–1 m), presumably arose from emissions from traffic and high technology factories. Heterogeneous
reactions on solid particles might play a role in the removal of SOx and NOx from the atmosphere. Sulfides and nitrides can further
react with these local pollutants, forming specific Cu-containing compounds: CuO (39%), CuSO4 (34%), and Cu(NO3)2 (27%), within
the ambient particles in this industrial area. 相似文献