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761.
焦化废水回用作循环冷却水的腐蚀特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用静态旋转挂片法研究了焦化废水回用作循环冷却水的可行性,主要对焦化废水生化处理出水和焦化废水深度处理出水的腐蚀特性进行考察.结果表明,焦化废水生化处理出水腐蚀速率较小,仅为0.025 573 mm/a,远远低于《水处理剂缓蚀性能的测定 旋转挂片法》(GB/T18175—2000)标准值(≤0.125 mm/a),挂片表面腐蚀轻微,仅有几个点蚀,不需深度处理即可回用作循环冷却水.通过UV-Vis,FTIR及GC/MS分析可知,焦化废水生化处理出水中含有C—O,CO等极性官能团及非极性基团,与目前常用有机缓蚀剂结构相似,在回用作循环冷却水的过程中可能起到缓蚀剂的作用. 相似文献
762.
O3/UV降解喹啉过程中不同氧化剂的相对重要性 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究O3 /UV降解自配喹啉水溶液时水体中存在的不同氧化剂对喹啉降解的相对重要性的结果表明 ,O3 和·OH是喹啉降解过程的主要氧化剂 .通过靛蓝二磺酸钠法和·OH探针化合物 (对氯苯甲酸 )法分别测定了水体中的O3 浓度和·OH浓度 ,定量地计算了O3 和·OH在降解喹啉时的相对重要性 ,得到喹啉与·OH的二级反应速率常数为 6 65× 1 0 9mol·(L·s) - 1.在本试验条件下 ,由·OH引起的喹啉去除率占总去除率的 88% ,而由O3 引起的喹啉去除率占总去除率的 1 2 % .提高水体中·OH的浓度有利于提高喹啉的总降解速率 . 相似文献
763.
Mao Ye Mingming Sun Fredrick Orori Kengar Jingting Wang Ni Ni Li Wang Yang Song Xinglun Yang Huixin Li Feng Hu Xin Jiang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(8):1661-1672
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)/heavy metals/fluorine(F) mixed-contaminated sites caused by abandoned metallurgic plants are receiving wide attention. To address the associated environmental problems,this study was initiated to investigate the feasibility of using carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin(CMCD) and carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC) solution to enhance ex situ soil washing for extracting mixed contaminants. Further,Tenax extraction method was combined with a first-three-compartment model to evaluate the environmental risk of residual PAHs in washed soil. In addition,the redistribution of heavy metals/F after decontamination was also estimated using a sequential extraction procedure. Three successive washing cycles using50 g/L CMCD and 5 g/L CMC solution were effective to remove 94.3% of total PAHs,93.2% of Pb,85.8% of Cd,93.4% of Cr,83.2% of Ni and 97.3% of F simultaneously. After the 3rd washing,the residual PAHs mainly existed as very slowly desorbing fractions,which were in the form of well-aged,well-sequestered compounds; while the remaining Pb,Cd,Cr,Ni and F mainly existed as Fe–Mn oxide and residual fractions,which were always present in stable mineral forms or bound to non-labile soil fractions. Therefore,this combined cleanup strategy proved to be effective and environmentally friendly. 相似文献
764.
Metals from automotive brake pads pollute water, soils and the ambient air. The environmental effect on water of antimony (Sb) contained in brake pads has been largely untested. The content of Sb in one abandoned brake pad reached up to 1.62 × 104 mg/kg. Effects of initial pH, temperature and four organic acids (acetic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and humic acid) on Sb release from brake pads were studied using batch reactors. Approximately 30% (97 mg/L) of the total Sb contained in the brake pads was released in alkaline aqueous solution and at higher temperature after 30 days of leaching. The organic acids tested restrained Sb release, especially acetic acid and oxalic acid. The pH-dependent concentration change of Sb in aqueous solution was best fitted by a logarithmic function. In addition, Sb contained in topsoil from land where brake pads were discarded (average 9 × 103 mg/kg) was 3000 times that in uncontaminated soils (2.7 ± 1 mg/kg) in the same areas. Because potentially high amounts of Sb may be released from brake pads, it is important that producers and environmental authorities take precautions. 相似文献
765.
766.
新疆东准噶尔老山口金矿区发育有与金矿化密切有关的次火山闪长玢岩及与之密切伴生的闪长玢岩质隐爆角砾岩和闪斜煌斑岩质隐爆角砾岩 ,它们是在陆相火山作用下由同源岩浆分异演化而形成的产物。角砾岩具有浅成—超浅成环境及热塑、高压释放状态下的成岩特征。角砾岩的角砾、胶结物和次火山岩三者的岩石类型、岩相学特征和地球化学特征基本一致 ,具有稀土总量较低 ,轻稀土相对富集 ,重稀土相对亏损 ,铕异常不明显 ,大离子亲石元素相对富集 ,高场强元素相对亏损等特征。结合其构造背景、地质产状、岩石学和地球化学特征分析 ,这套岩石来源于受俯冲洋壳释放富含大离子亲石元素或强不相容元素流体交代过的亏损地幔楔。 相似文献
767.
768.
我国主要蔬菜和粮油作物的砷含量与砷富集能力比较 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
根据国内外文献报道,对蔬菜和粮油作物中砷的累积特点和富集能力进行总结和分析.结果表明.清洁区和污染区蔬菜的砷含量变幅分别为0.001-1.07 mg·kg-1和0.001-8.51 mg·kg-1(鲜重),均值分别为0.035 mg·kg-1和0.068 mg·kg-1不同种类蔬菜的砷含量由大到小,依次为:叶菜类>根茎类>茄果类>鲜豆类;清洁区和污染区粮油作物的砷含量变幅分别为0.001-2.20 mg·kg-1和0.007-6.83 mg·kg-1(干重),均值分别为0.081 mg·kg-1和0.294 mg·kg-1,其中水稻的砷含量显著高于小麦和玉米.从富集系数来看,叶莱类蔬菜的砷富集系数最高,芹菜、蕹菜、茼蒿、芥菜等蔬菜的抗砷污染能力较弱.粮食作物玉米的抗砷污染能力较强.与蔬菜砷限量标准(GB4810-1994)相比,我国砷污染区的蔬菜中有32.2%的样本砷含量超标,其中叶菜类和根茎类的超标率分别为47.9%和12.8%.与粮食砷限量标准(GB4810-1994)比较,我国污染区粮油作物的样本砷超标率为34.8%,其中水稻的超标率高达42.9%.玉米和小麦的超标率均高于20%. 相似文献
769.
A polyaluminum containing a high concentration of Al13 polymer and active chlorine (PACC) was successfully synthesized by a new electrochemical reactor using Ti/RuO2-TiO2 anodes. PACC can potentially be used as a dual-function chemical reagent for water treatment. The obtained results indicated that the formation of Al13 polymer and active chlorine, were the most active components in PACC responsible for coagulation and disinfection respectively. These components were significantly influenced by electrolyte temperature, current density, and stirring rate. It was observed that high electrolyte temperature favored the formation of Al13. Increasing current density and stirring rate resulted in high current efficiency of chlorine evolution, thus favoring the generation of Al13 and active chlorine in PACC. When the PACC (AlT = 0.5 mol/L, basicity = 2.3) was prepared at the optimum conditions by electrolysis process, the Al13 polymer and active chlorine in product reached above 70% of AlT and 4000 mg/L, respectively. In the pilot scale experiment with raw polyaluminum chloride used as an electrolyte, PACC was successfully prepared and produced a high content of Al13 and active chlorine products. The pilot scale experiment demonstrated a potential industrial approach of PACC preparation. 相似文献
770.