Effects of steel slag amendments on accumulation of cadmium and arsenic by rice (Oryza sativa) in a historically contaminated paddy field

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Paddy soil contamination by cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) is a great concern. Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of steel slag (SS,...     

Characterization of endophytic Rahnella sp. JN6 from Polygonum pubescens and its potential in promoting growth and Cd,Pb, Zn uptake by Brassica napus

Microbe-assisted phytoremediation has been considered as a promising measure for the remediation of heavy metal-polluted soils. In this study, a metal-tolerance and plant growth-promoting endophytic bacterium JN6 was firstly isolated from roots of Mn-hyperaccumulator Polygonum pubescens grown in metal-contaminated soil and identified as Rahnella sp. based on 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. Strain JN6 showed very high Cd, Pb and Zn tolerance and effectively solubilized CdCO₃, PbCO₃ and Zn₃(PO₄)₂ in culture solution. The isolate produced plant growth-promoting substances such as indole-3-acetic acid, siderophore, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic deaminase, and also solubilized inorganic phosphate. Based upon its ability in metal tolerance and solubilization, the isolate JN6 was further studied for its effects on the growth and accumulation of Cd, Pb and Zn in Brassica napus (rape) by pot experiments. Rape plants inoculated with the isolate JN6 had significantly higher dry weights, concentrations and uptake of Cd, Pb and Zn in both above-ground and root tissues than those without inoculation grown in soils amended with Cd (25 mg kg^?1), Pb (200 mg kg^?1) or Zn (200 mg kg^?1). The isolate also showed a high level of colonization in tissue interior of rapes. The present results demonstrated that Rahnella sp. JN6 is a valuable microorganism, which can cost-effectively improve the efficiency of phytoremediation in soils contaminated by Cd, Pb and Zn.     

凌钢冷轧带钢厂酸洗车间环境治理

对凌钢冷带酸洗线环保方面存在主要问题进行了详细分析,针对不同污染源具体状况,对治理方法分别进行了阐述,对国内中小型带钢酸洗线的环境治理提供了借鉴。     

曝气条件下应用型氧化沟内混合液流态测试及分析

从氧化沟的水力特性入手,实测并分析了混合液在应用型氧化沟内的流态分布特点。结果表明,在曝气机不同的旋转条件下,混合液液流在氧化沟内的流态分布规律具有较高的相似性,上部液流经曝气机加速作用,流速在短时间内急剧增加,而下部液流速度变化不明显,液流随之在沟体内进行流速均布,在返回第一直道时不同水深和内外侧流速已基本达到一致;混合液液流除了受到曝气机的推动力作用外,还受到沟体沿程阻力及弯道局部阻力的作用,导流板对混合液流态也产生了影响;在1.56m水位、120r/min逆时针转动条件下,第一直道末端下部液层内侧与中侧的流速较低,成为沟底污泥淤积的危险区;当转速为100r/min时,能保证氧化沟底混合液流速不小于0.15m/s;在1.56m水位、80r/min顺时针转动条件下,能保证氧化沟底混合液流速不小于0.15m/s。在实际运行中,只有将曝气设备调节到适合的转速才能有效防止污泥在氧化沟沟底沉积。同时,在保证沟底混合液流速满足要求时,为节省动能损耗,还应选择较低的曝气机转速。     

基于分布式水文模型的三峡库区污染负荷对气候变化的响应研究

在建立的耦合了污染负荷模拟模块的三峡水库分布式水文模型的基础上,结合多个全球气候模式的集合平均模拟结果,采用统计降尺度模型SDSM将全球气候模式和分布式水文模型耦合,评估了未来气候变化对三峡库区污染负荷的影响,考虑到研究中存在的不确定性,采用假设情景法,分析了三峡库区污染负荷对不同降水量变化的响应情况.结果表明,库区总氮和总磷负荷均与降水量成正相关,在降水量增加量相同的情况下,总氮负荷变化比总磷更剧烈,而在降水量减少量相同的情况下,总磷负荷变化比总氮更剧烈.另外,降水变化主要对三峡库区4—8月的污染负荷量有较大影响.     

白洋淀湿地酶活性空间变化规律研究

白洋淀作为我国富营养化湖泊湿地的典型代表,湿地中的生源要素迁移转化直接影响水质演变趋势,湿地系统中的酶在生源要素的循环过程中具有难以替代的作用,直接影响生源要素的迁移转化特性。于2007年3-11月在白洋淀设置固定监测点,研究土壤磷酸酶含量的时空分布规律及其与土壤营养元素间的相关关系。研究结果表明,在人为污染源等因素影响下,湿地中土壤酶表现出较明显的空间分异规律。垂直层面上,湿地土壤表层0-10cm是酶活性最高区域,同时表层土壤磷酸酶活性普遍大于中下层土壤。水平空间分布上,从府河河口区域至白洋淀中心区域磷酸酶活性基本呈现减小趋势。结果表明在污染较严重的河口区域,磷酸酶活性小于污染较轻区域,使得河口区域土壤中磷含量将进一步累积,有可能导致水体污染进一步加剧,需要采取相应的对策和保护措施。