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71.
72.
The layered laurylsulfonate intercalated green rust (lauryl-S GR) was synthesized to evaluate the influence of synthesis parameters and aqueous conditions on the adsorption of CeIV. The maximum adsorption capacity of 305.58 mg/g by lauryl-S GR was predictably obtained. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model was appropriate in fitting the whole uptake process in a weak acid environment. Three isotherm models including Langmuir, Freundlich, and Tempkin were all reliable in depicting the isotherm adsorption process. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of lauryl-S GR towards CeIV was 315.46 mg/g. Ce species including CeO and Ce2O3 besides CeO2 were matched in the XPS distribution, directly indicating the reduction reaction brought by FeII in the GR occurred to hydrated CeIV ions during the adsorption. Nano-sized Ce particles attached to the lauryl-S GRs after the adsorption experiments were observed in the morphological characterization. Flocculated materials were formed on the surface of the lauryl-S GR at a pH of 7, which further reduced the active sites and disrupted the continuous uptake of CeIV to the lauryl-S GR. This study expands the application of GRs and supplies an ideal iron-based material for the construction of the affiliated recovery pathway to the traditional separation of Ce. 相似文献
73.
Distribution of heavy metals in sediments of the Pearl River Estuary, Southern China: Implications for sources and historical changes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The distribution of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cd and As) in sediments of the Pearl River Estuary was investigated. The spatial distribution of heavy metals displayed a decreasing pattern from the turbidity maxima to both upstream and downstream of the estuary, which suggested that suspended sediments played an important role in the trace metal distribution in the Pearl River Estuary. In addition, metal concentrations were higher in the west part of the estuary which received most of the pollutants from the Pearl River. In the sediment cores, fluxes of heavy metals were consistent with a predominant anthropogenic input in the period 1970-1990. From the mid-1990s to the 2000s, there was a significant decline in heavy metal pollution. The observed decline has shown the result of pollution control in the Pearl River Delta. However, it is noteworthy that the metal concentrations in the most recent sediment still remained considerably high. Taken together, the enrichment of heavy metals in sediments was largely controlled by anthropogenic pollution. 相似文献
74.
外生菌根对欧洲赤松苗(Pinussylvestris)Cu、Zn积累和分配的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过测定2种不同施锌和施铜水平下苗木和离体菌丝中铜锌含量研究了接种外生菌根(Suillusbovinus)对欧洲赤松(Pi-nussylvestris)苗生长和微量元素积累和分配的影响. 结果表明菌丝的侵染增加了苗木生长同时也增加了植物体内重金属的含量.然而菌根植物中的重金属大部分分布在根部在铜处理中菌根植物地下部分的铜含量是无菌根植物的2.6倍在锌处理中锌是无菌根植物的1.3 倍. 说明菌丝侵染使植物将过量的重金属滞留在根部从而增加了植物对过量重金属的抗性.通过进一步测定培养在过量重金属中的离体菌丝的重金属含量结果显示随着外界重金属浓度的增加菌丝分泌物内重金属含量比菌丝内重金属含量增加快说明滞留在根部的重金属可能并没有进入根系而是以某种形态滞留在菌丝分泌物和菌丝内. 相似文献
75.
黑藻对铅离子的生物吸附 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了黑藻对Pb^2+的生物吸附作用,考察了溶液pH、Pb^2+初始质量浓度、黑藻加入量和吸附时间对吸附效果的影响。实验结果表明,溶液pH在2.5~5.0时吸附效果最好,吸附20min基本达到平衡。在溶液pH为4.0、黑藻加入量为2g/L、吸附时间为60min、Pb^2+初始质量浓度为100mg/L的条件下,黑藻对Pb^2+的吸附量为47.5mg/g。通过元素分析和等温吸附模型对黑藻吸附Pb^2+的机理进行了研究,发现黑藻吸附Pb“是阳离子交换过程,吸附符合Langmuir、Freundlich和D—R等温吸附模型。考察了Cd^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+对黑藻吸附Pb^2+的影响,结果表明,Cd^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+的存在不干扰黑藻对Pb^2+的吸附。 相似文献
76.
77.
某典型石油化工园区冬季大气中VOCs污染特征 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
利用TH-300B挥发性有机物(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)在线监测系统于2014年12月~2015年2月对我国某石油化工园区的VOCs进行连续在线监测.分析了其组成特征、时间变化特征、来源以及光化学活性特征.结果表明,研究区冬季大气中VOCs的混合体积分数较高,烷烃占据主导地位,占TVOCs的86.73%;TVOCs、烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃的昼夜变化特征均表现为夜间高而白天低,且烷烃、烯烃的变化与TVOCs较为一致.利用主成分分析-多元线性回归(PCA-MLR)模型解析得到5个因子,分别表征燃料挥发源、工业排放源、汽油车尾气和植物排放混合源、柴油车尾气排放源和燃料燃烧源,其贡献率分别为60.02%、8.50%、2.07%、12.21%、17.20%.利用Propy-equiv法和MIR法计算得出该研究区冬季大气中各类VOCs对臭氧生成的相对贡献率的大小均表现为烷烃烯烃芳香烃,其中环戊烷、正丁烷和1-戊烯的贡献率较高,气团光化学年龄较长. 相似文献
78.
A restoration-promoting integrated floating bed and its experimental performance in eutrophication remediation 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Yiming Guo Yunguo Liu Guangming Zeng Xinjiang Hu Xin Li Dawei Huang Yunqin Liu Yicheng Yin 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(5):1090-1098
Numerous studies on eutrophication remediation have mainly focused on purifying water first, then restoring submerged macrophytes. A restoration-promoting integrated floating bed (RPIFB) was designed to combine the processes of water purification and macrophyte restoration simultaneously. Two outdoor experiments were conducted to evaluate the ecological functions of the RP1FB. Trial 1 was conducted to compare the eutrophication purification among floating bed, gradual-submerging bed (GSB) and RPIFB technologies. The results illustrated that RPIFB has the best purification capacity. Removal efficiencies of RPIFB for TN, TP,NH4+-N, NO3-N, CODcr, Chlorophyll-a and turbidity were 74.45%, 98.31%, 74.71%, 88.81%, 71.42%, 90.17% and 85%, respectively. In trial 2, influences of depth of GSB and photic area in RPIFB on biota were investigated. When the depth of GSB decreased and the photic area of RPIFB grew, the height of Potamogeton crispus Linn. increased, but the biomass of Canna indica Linn. was reduced. The mortalities of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Bellamya aeruginosa in each group were all less than 7%. All results indicated that when the RPIFB was embedded into the eutrophic water, the regime shift from phytoplankton-dominated to macrophyte-dominated state could be promoted. Thus, the RPIFB is a promising remediation technology for eutrophication and submerged macrophyte restoration. 相似文献
79.
80.
上覆水中磷被结合到底泥中时,不同形态磷的数量将会改变, 由此导致磷的释放能力和生物有效性被显著改变.以富营养化河道上覆水和底泥为材料,考察了静态条件下,底泥中不同形态磷的变化规律及其对磷的生物有效性的影响.结果表明, 潜在活性磷(PMP)含量显著增加,NH4Cl-P、BD-P、NaOH-nrP分别增加了297.68%、1O.73%、30.49%.难释放态磷则基本保持不变.潜在活性磷对生物有效磷的形成具有显著的影响,4种生物有效磷中的3种(WSP、Olsen-P、AAP)均与其在a<0.01水平上显著正相关,并且其对AAP形成的影响最为显著.因此推测,静态条件下,当上覆水中磷向底泥迁移时,首先会形成潜在活性磷和生物有效磷. 相似文献