Assessing economic sustainability and ecological efficiency with genuine progress indicator: a case study of the Yangtze River Delta from 2000 to 2018

To achieve urban sustainability, it is critical to enhance the environment, economy, and society simultaneously. This study adopted the revised genuine progress indicator (GPI) and ecological footprint (EF) to evaluate the ecological efficiency and economic sustainability of the Yangtze River Delta from 2000 to 2018. Spatial analysis was utilized to identify spatial autocorrelation. A total of 27 cities were then partitioned through k-means cluster analysis. The results showed that GPI and ecological efficiency improved rapidly, but economic sustainability showed a downward trend. GPI and GDP had a high degree of spatial correlation, especially in Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou Metropolitan Area. However, no spatial correlation existed between GPI and EF. The city with high GEE can reach 3000 $/gha, indicating the city consumed 1 global hectare to create $3000 of genuine economic growth. Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Taizhou were cities with the highest level of economic sustainability and ecological efficiency. The spatiotemporal characteristics of economic sustainability and ecological efficiency revealed in this study will provide theoretical guidance for alleviating ecological pressure and promoting economic sustainable development.

     

活性污泥系统优化设计对不确定性参数的灵敏度研究

在活性污泥系统优化设计模型参数不确定性分析的基础上,考察了进水负荷、生物动力学参数、曝气设备性能参数和二沉池浓缩常数变化对优化设计的影响。灵敏度分析结果表明,对优化设计影响较大的参数为：进水水量水质、与氧转移效率相关的校正参数以及二沉池的浓缩常数等。研究结果对于低灵敏度系统的设计,提高优化设计结果的工程实用性具有重要的意义。     

有机固体废物堆肥化处理的微生物学机理研究

由于符合持续发展的理念 ,利用微生物技术处理有机固体废物越来越受到人们的重视 ,其核心问题则是木质纤维素的生物降解。随着园林废物等高木质纤维素含量的城市生活垃圾的不断增加 ,以及对农业固体废物和食品工业废物再利用的需要 ,这一领域的研究取得了很大的进展。在研究中 ,针对好氧堆肥和厌氧发酵 2项主要的微生物处理技术 ,对其优势微生物菌群、不同降解底物和微生物降解动力学方面的最新研究进展进行了回顾和总结 ,并对环境微生物制剂的应用以及有机固体废物的微生物处理技术的发展做了合理的展望。     

城市生活污水厌氧生物处理发展现状

回顾了国内外污水厌氧生物处理工艺的发展情况,着重分析了中国城市污水的特点以及厌氧生物处理工艺在城市生活污水处理中的应用情况。     

Ozonation of pentachlorophenol in unsaturated soils

A heterogeneous model was developed to describe interactions between ozone and hydrophobic organic compounds, exemplified by pentachlorophenol, in highly gas-saturated vadose zones where water moisture was limited to a thin film on soil particle surfaces. The soil was assumed to be free of soil organic matter. The model included a set of transient equations considering diffusion with simultaneous chemical reaction and hydrophobic partitioning. From dimensionless analysis, it was found that the film concentrations of ozone and the hydrophobic organic component were dependent on the Damk?hler numbers. Effects of Damk?hler numbers on the film profiles of components were examined. With the interfacial flux of ozone calculated from film profiles, dimensionless governing equations of ozone transport and contaminant removal across an experimental column were established. These equations were dependent on the Stanton number. One-dimensional column experiments were conducted to test the model. The optimal time for flow rate adjustment during the process was approximated. Finally, effects of ozone velocity and ozone gas concentration on the Stanton number were evaluated.     

The many benefits of employee well‐being in organizational research

We undertake three objectives in this Incubator. We begin with a discussion of how well‐being has been considered in organizational research. Second, we provide an overview of the relationship between employee well‐being and such workplace outcomes as job performance, employee retention, and cardiovascular health. Third, we introduce exciting research directions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种基于图像内容过滤的有线电视网信息审计系统

如何实现广播电视网节目内容的自动审计已成为目前广播电视网网络安全所面临的问题。笔者首先分析了目前有线电视网节目内容的审计,大多基于人工,不仅费时费力,且与先进的现代电视技术极不相匹配,接着对图像内容过滤的关键技术进行了分析,并用反差、能量、熵、相关4个特征量表示纹理特征,在此基础上用交互的动态规划法来进行图像对象分割然后利用相似度描述两个特征量的相似程度,最后以对黄色内容识别为实例,通过提取图像的纹理特征与定义好的特征库相匹配,监控包含不良人体图像信息的视频,实现对有线电视网节目内容的自动审计。     

电絮凝法处理重金属底泥清淤尾水

采用电絮凝法处理湘江霞湾港重金属底泥清淤尾水,研究了电极转换方式、起始pH值和电流密度对尾水中各污染物去除效果的影响。实验结果表明,采用先由铁作为阳极反应20 min,然后转换铝作为阳极反应10 min的组合方式,当起始pH值为6,电流密度为100 A·m-2时,Cd、Zn、Cu、Pb、Hg、As、NH4+-N和TP的去除效率分别可以达到99.2%、98.6%、99.3%、98.4%、99.5%、99.7%、84.8%和95.9%。电絮凝法去除尾水中重金属的主要机制是分布于悬浮物中的重金属主要通过疏松态铝的絮凝以及氢气的气浮作用去除,而分布于过滤液中的重金属主要以其氢氧化物沉淀去除。     

纳米TiO2光催化-超滤法处理模拟二级出水

采用纳米TiO2光催化-超滤对模拟二级出水进行处理。分别考察了纳米TiO2光催化剂的投加量、光催化反应时间、光催化过程曝气量、膜出水通量以及回流比对废水中污染物去除率的影响。结果表明:光催化反应最优处理工况,纳米TiO2投加量250 mg/L、反应时间150 min、曝气量为1.0 L/min、膜出水通量为115 L/(m2·h)、错流过滤的回流比200%;在此工况条件下,出水的UV254和TOC的去除率分别为96%和84%。     

臭氧对再生水中指示病原微生物的灭活特性

以臭氧投加量(TOD)为臭氧消耗剂量评价指标,研究了北京市某实际再生水中臭氧对大肠杆菌及枯草芽孢的灭活特性,以及消毒过程中臭氧对溶解性有机碳(DOC)、色度、UV254、荧光强度的去除效果。在此基础之上,分析了色度与指示病原微生物灭活特性之间的相关性。结果表明,臭氧对大肠杆菌及枯草芽孢的灭活特性与余臭氧浓度有关。当水中无法检测到余臭氧时,随着TOD的增加,大肠杆菌灭活率增加的速率较慢,TOD增加 3 mg/L,灭活率增加了1.5 log。枯草芽孢则无显著灭活。当水中余臭氧浓度大于0时,大肠杆菌灭活率增加的速率快速提升,TOD增加 3 mg/L,灭活率增加了3 log。枯草芽孢灭活率也随TOD的增加而显著增加。消毒过程中,DOC无显著变化,而臭氧对色度、UV254、三维荧光强度的去除效果显著。当色度随TOD的增加而趋于稳定时,水中余臭氧浓度开始显著上升,预示着指示病原微生物开始进入高效灭活阶段。同时,进水色度越大,指示病原微生物进入高效灭活阶段所需的TOD越大。