Design of polymeric carbon nitride-based heterojunctions for photocatalytic water splitting: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Developing high-efficiency and stable photocatalysts able to accomplish spontaneous overall water splitting, without using sacrificial agents, is the ultimate goal...     

Toughness Enhancement of Poly(lactic acid), Bamboo Particle and Ultrafine Bamboo-Char Ternary Biocomposites by Polyethylene Glycol Plasticization

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG) was introduced into PLA/BP/UFBC ternary biocomposites as a plasticizer to improve the toughness of the...     

Comparative understanding of metal hyperaccumulation in plants: a mini-review

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Hyperaccumulator plants are ideal models for investigating the regulatory mechanisms of plant metal homeostasis and environmental adaptation due to their...     

拉萨河放射性核素238U和232Th分布特征及健康风险评估

为了解拉萨河中放射性核素238 U和232 Th的污染水平及其对人类的致癌风险,利用拉萨河中下游和堆龙曲支流16个采样点水样的238 U和232 Th含量,采取美国环境保护局(U.S.Environmental Protection Agency,US EPA)推荐的放射性核素健康风险评价方法,评估不同年龄人群因饮水途径摄入核素的致癌风险.结果表明,拉萨河中238U和232Th平均活度浓度分别为(2.62±3.46)×10-2 Bq·L-1和(2.3±0.478)×10-3 Bq·L-1,比我国地表水平均值分别高31％和低61.7％;238U和232Th含量沿程分别呈波动稳定和波动变化的趋势;不同人群平均总致癌风险分别为(4.81±4.61)×10-8(幼儿组)、(2.29±1.81)×10-8(少年组)和(3.08±2.13)×10-8 a-1(成年组),均低于1×10-6 a-1(US EPA标准)和我国地表水平均致癌风险值,但对幼儿的致癌危害最大;238U和232Th的致癌风险贡献率随年龄的增长分别下降和上升;建议对羊八井镇附近河水进行持续监测,确保地热资源开发不会造成拉萨河放射性核素的污染.本研究不仅可以为拉萨河放射性核素污染的研究提供参考,而且可以为拉萨河未来的环境保护提供科学依据.     

纳米银对蒙古黄芪种子和幼苗的毒性研究与数据挖掘分析

探讨纳米银(AgNPs)对蒙古黄芪种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,并基于文献数据讨论AgNPs对单一物种的影响是否与数据挖掘趋势相符合.蒙古黄芪种子置于9个不同浓度的AgNPs溶液中,每日观察并记录种子萌发情况.观察结束后进行萌发和生长指标测定,并基于实验结果和文献数据进行比较分析.结果 表明,随着AgNPs浓度升高,蒙古黄芪最终发芽率受到抑制,高浓度时显著降低(P＜0.05);浓度为600 mg·L-1和1000 mg·L-1时平均发芽时间显著高于其他处理组(P＜0.05);浓度升高到400～1000mg·L-1时,胚根长、子叶长和子叶宽受到抑制,显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);胚轴的长度未受到AgNPs浓度变化的影响;叶绿素和氮含量在AgNPs浓度为200 mg·L-1时开始显著降低(P＜0.05);与对照组相比,各浓度处理组(除20 mg·L-1外)的鲜质量与干质量均显著减少(P＜0.05);幼苗地上部分和地下部分抗氧化酶过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性变化趋势基本一致.通过计算抑制率表明,600 mg·L-1和1000 mg·L-1的AgNPs对蒙古黄芪具有毒害作用.总的来说,实验结果部分符合数据挖掘模型趋势.比较几种分析模型发现,隶属函数法分析和主成分分析结果一致,meta分析比冗余分析更适用于单一物种趋势的预测.AgNPs抑制蒙古黄芪种子萌发,低浓度AgNPs对幼苗影响不明显,高浓度严重抑制幼苗生长.     

Fabrication of highly efficient Bi2WO6/CuS composite for visible-light photocatalytic removal of organic pollutants and Cr(VI) from wastewater

• A novel Bi₂WO₆/CuS composite was fabricated by a facile solvothermal method. • This composite efficiently removed organic pollutants and Cr(VI) by photocatalysis. • The DOM could promoted synchronous removal of organic pollutants and Cr(VI). • This composite could be applied at a wide pH range in photocatalytic reactions. • Possible photocatalytic mechanisms of organic pollutants and Cr(VI) were proposed. A visible-light-driven Bi₂WO₆/CuS p-n heterojunction was fabricated using an easy solvothermal method. The Bi₂WO₆/CuS exhibited high photocatalytic activity in a mixed system containing rhodamine B (RhB), tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH), and Cr (VI) under natural conditions. Approximately 98.8% of the RhB (10 mg/L), 87.6% of the TCH (10 mg/L) and 95.1% of the Cr(VI) (15 mg/L) were simultaneously removed from a mixed solution within 105 min. The removal efficiencies of TCH and Cr(VI) increased by 12.9% and 20.4%, respectively, in the mixed solution, compared with the single solutions. This is mainly ascribed to the simultaneous consumption electrons and holes, which increases the amount of excited electrons/holes and enhances the separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes. Bi₂WO₆/CuS can be applied over a wide pH range (2–6) with strong photocatalytic activity for RhB, TCH and Cr(VI). Coexisiting dissolved organic matter in the solution significantly promoted the removal of TCH (from 74.7% to 87.2%) and Cr(VI) (from 75.7% to 99.9%) because it accelerated the separation of electrons and holes by consuming holes as an electron acceptor. Removal mechanisms of RhB, TCH, and Cr(VI) were proposed, Bi₂WO₆/CuS was formed into a p-n heterojunction to efficiently separate and transfer photoelectrons and holes so as to drive photocatalytic reactions. Specifically, when reducing pollutants (e.g., TCH) and oxidizing pollutants (e.g., Cr(VI)) coexist in wastewater, the p-n heterojunction in Bi₂WO₆/CuS acts as a “bridge” to shorten the electron transport and thus simultaneously increase the removal efficiencies of both types of pollutants.     

2019年8月世警会期间成都平原臭氧污染及其气象成因分析

利用2015-2019年夏季成都平原的空气质量监测数据、气象数据及再分析资料,研究了2019年8月世警会(第十八届世界警察和消防员运动会)期间成都平原持续性高浓度臭氧(O3)污染特征及其气象成因.结果表明:①2015-2019年夏季成都平原地表O3-8 h(O3日最大8小时平均浓度)的90百分位呈上升趋势,7月臭氧超标...     

兰州市街道尘埃粒度空间变化特征

采用Mastersizer2000激光粒度仪对2006年3月采集的兰州市街道尘埃进行了粒度分析。结果表明,兰州市街道尘埃中颗粒物平均粒径范围在46．83μm-266．59μm,平均值为118．73μm;其中〉2μm的颗粒占总量的92％-99．5％,〈2μm的颗粒占10％以下。受地形因素影响,兰州市西部和东部地区粒径较粗,中间地段粒径相对较细;进一步分析发现在风动能大的区域,尘埃主要以较粗物质为主;在风动能相对较弱区域,细颗粒和粗颗粒含量差别不大,而在风动能小的区域,街道尘埃主要以细颗粒物为主。由此可见,兰州市街道尘埃中的颗粒物的主要来源是由于风力和人为活动产生的土壤尘和人为排放的污染物所共同贡献的;粒度分布特征受到风动力条件和物源（污染源）两方面因素的控制。     

长江中、上游水质变化趋势与环境酸化关系初探

根据我国水利部水年鉴和全球水质监测计划中国站点的水化学资料，对长江中游干流主要水站和四川与贵州省境内长江主要支流下游的水站自６０年代初至８０年代中期（个别站点至９０年代中期）的主要离子含量资料进行了统计分析，发现这些站点在主要离子含量变化趋势方面存在着共同的特点，即：碱度有所降低，钙离子和硫酸根离子含量有所升高，相应地，总梗度与总碱度的比值也有所升高，将这一现象产生的原因与我国西南地区酸雨对     

华南地区城市道路雨水径流对降雨特征的响应机制——以深圳市为例

合理设计道路面源污染控制设施(如低冲击开发设施)需要深入掌握被治理地区的径流污染特征及其影响因素。通过利用单变量与多变量数据分析相结合的方式对位处华南地区的深圳市道路雨水径流特性进行研究,结果表明道路雨水径流污染与降雨特征和污染物种类有着密切的关系。氮类污染物在小雨强所产生的降雨径流中浓度较高而颗粒物则相反,化学需氧量和磷随降雨特征变化相对较小。这说明不同的污染物种类呈现出对降雨特征不同的响应机制。因此在设计相关径流污染控制措施时,应该选择合适的降雨类型作为设计依据以满足对不同污染物的去除要求。