Control of NOx emissions by air staging in small- and medium-scale biomass pellet boilers

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The effect of air staging strategies on NOx control was investigated on a 210-kW small-scale biomass boiler (SBB) and a 1.4-MW medium-scale biomass...     

山东省主要河流中抗生素污染组成及空间分布特征

采用固相萃取-液相色谱/串联质谱法研究了山东省境内四大流域主要河流中抗生素污染组成及空间分布特征,涉及我国用量最大的6类共20种抗生素。结果表明:20种抗生素均有检出,且大环内酯类、喹诺酮类和四环素类抗生素整体检出浓度较高。就流域而言,半岛诸河流域抗生素污染较小,平均总质量浓度61.4 ng/L;海河流域、小清河流域和淮河流域相对较为严重,平均总质量浓度分别为232、175、118 ng/L。抗生素空间分布呈现一定的规律,检出浓度较高的点位主要集中在人口密集区下游,抗生素污染与周边生活污水、养殖企业废水和城市污水处理厂排水密切相关,而且抗生素组成可从一定程度上反映出污染来源。     

Effective cleanup of oil contamination on bio-inspired superhydrophobic surface

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The oil-water separation is a popular issue and the removal of oil from bulk water is also meaningful especially in oil spill incident, which not only...     

Distribution,source, and environmental risk assessment of phthalate esters (PAEs) in water,suspended particulate matter,and sediment of a typical Yangtze River Delta City,China

Phthalates (PAEs) in drinking water sources such as the Yangtze River in developing countries had aroused widespread concern. Here, the water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediment samples were collected from 15 sites in wet and dry seasons in Zhenjiang, for the determination of six PAEs (DMP, DEP, DIBP, DBP, DEHP, and DOP) using the solid-phase extraction (SPE) or ultrasonic extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The total concentrations of six PAEs (Σ₆PAEs) spanned a range of 2.65–39.31 μg L^?1 in water, 1.97–34.10 μg g^?1 in SPM, and 0.93–34.70 μg g^?1 in sediment. The partition coefficients (K_d1) of PAEs in water and SPM phase ranged from 0.004 to 3.36 L g^?1 in the wet season and from 0.12 to 2.84 L g^?1 in the dry season. K_d2 of PAEs in water and sediment phase was 0.001–9.75 L g^?1 in the wet season and 0.006–8.05 L g^?1 in the dry season. The dominant PAEs were DIBP, DBP, and DEHP in water and SPM, DIBP, DEHP, and DOP in sediment. The concentration of DBP in water exceeded the China Surface Water Standard. The discharge of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater might be the main potential sources of PAEs. The risk quotient (RQ) method used for the risk assessment revealed that DBP (0.01 < RQ < 1) posed a medium risk, while DIBP and DEHP (RQ > 1) posed a high environmental risk in water, DIBP (RQ > 1) also showed a high risk in sediment.

     

用膨润土处理油田污水的研究进展

介绍了膨润土的基本特性及其存油田污水处理中的研究情况。天然膨润土经改性后,可吸附去除油田污水中的油、烃类衍生物、注聚残留聚合物及表面活性剂;负载金属氧化物的改性膨润土可对光催化氧化产生协同效应,提高光催化氧化油田污水中有机物的能力;在高压下将膨润土制成薄膜,对油田污水中的无机离了有一定的截留去除作用。     

活性污泥的固定化及其性能研究

用改进聚乙烯醇-硼酸法将活性污泥制成固定化颗粒,考察了改进聚乙烯醇-硼酸法的最佳条件及固定化颗粒的性能。实验结果表明：改进聚乙烯醇-硼酸法的最佳条件为聚乙烯醇质量分数6．5％、包泥比（包埋剂与活性污泥质量比）1．2：1、二氧化硅质量分数1．5％、活性炭质量分数0．3％、海藻酸钠质量分数0．6％;用最佳条件下制得的固定化颗粒处理模拟化工废水,连续运行15d后的COD去除率达90％以上,且固定化颗粒耐冲击负荷和pH变化能力强;固定化颗粒对模拟化工废水的COD去除速率随进水COD的变化曲线类似于米氏方程所描述的反应初速度随底物浓度的变化规律。     

膜过滤-气相色谱法测定涂料中的苯系物、环己酮和甲苯二异氰酸酯

采用膜过滤-气相色谱法测定涂料中的苯系物、环己酮和甲苯二异氰酸酯（TD I）。用7种规格的石英毛细管色谱柱对混合标准溶液和涂料试样进行了分析实验,实验结果表明,不同属性的涂料试样添加固定量的正十四烷作内标物,经膜过滤净化后,苯系物、环己酮和TD I可采用DB-1-3或DB-1-2色谱柱同时分离并测定。测试数据经多级校准曲线处理后涂料试样中苯系物、环己酮和TD I的加标回收率为98.6%～101.8%,各组分分析结果的变异系数均小于2.0%,检出限均小于1.50×10^-5g。     

从6-APA和7-ADCA生产废液中回收苯乙酸

采用溶剂萃取、水法提取等方法从6-氨基青霉烷酸和7-氨基-3-去乙酰氧基头孢烷酸生产废液（简称废液）中回收苯乙酸（PAA）,考察了各种因素对回收效果的影响。实验结果表明：以甲苯为萃取剂,在萃取温度30℃、萃取时间15m in、500mL废液中萃取剂加入量130mL的最佳条件下,萃取率为96.5%;在提取温度为65℃左右、结晶温度低于10℃的条件下,PAA收率大于89%,纯度大于99%;所得PAA产品质量好,可用于青霉素G等医药产品的生产。     

超声强化高级氧化技术降解水中有机污染物的研究进展

介绍了用于降解水中有机污染物的超声强化技术,分析了超声与臭氧氧化、Fenton试剂氧化和光催化氧化等高级氧化技术联用的机理,综述了这些联用技术在降解有机污染物方面的研究进展,并展望了超声强化高级氧化技术的发展前景。     

采用两段SBR工艺处理石化废水

采用两段序批式活性污泥反应器（SBR）工艺处理高浓度石化废水,考察了DO、MLSS、反应温度对废水处理效果的影响。实验结果表明,两段SBR系统中有机物降解存在着不同的作用机理,第一段主要以去除易降解有机物为主,第二段主要以去除难降解有机物为主。在进水COD为4000mg／L、SBR1中DO为4～5mg／L、MLSS为5000mg／L,SBR2中DO为2～4mg／L、MLSS为3000mg／L、反应温度约为20℃的条件下,废水COD去除率达90％以上。