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排序方式: 共有266条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Buschmann J Berg M Stengel C Winkel L Sampson ML Trang PT Viet PH 《Environment international》2008,34(6):756-764
This study presents a transnational groundwater survey of the 62,000 km(2) Mekong delta floodplain (Southern Vietnam and bordering Cambodia) and assesses human health risks associated with elevated concentrations of dissolved toxic elements. The lower Mekong delta generally features saline groundwater. However, where groundwater salinity is <1 g L(-)(1) Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), the rural population started exploiting shallow groundwater as drinking water in replacement of microbially contaminated surface water. In groundwater used as drinking water, arsenic concentrations ranged from 0.1-1340 microg L(-)(1), with 37% of the studied wells exceeding the WHO guidelines of 10 microg L(-)(1) arsenic. In addition, 50% exceeded the manganese WHO guideline of 0.4 mg L(-)(1), with concentrations being particularly high in Vietnam (range 1.0-34 mg L(-)(1)). Other elements of (minor) concern are Ba, Cd, Ni, Se, Pb and U. Our measurements imply that groundwater contamination is of geogenic origin and caused by natural anoxic conditions in the aquifers. Chronic arsenic poisoning is the most serious health risk for the ~2 million people drinking this groundwater without treatment, followed by malfunction in children's development through excessive manganese uptake. Government agencies, water specialists and scientists must get aware of the serious situation. Mitigation measures are urgently needed to protect the unaware people from such health problems. 相似文献
102.
Summary. We tested the hypothesis that Daphne gnidium is an ancestral host plant of Lobesia botrana. To this end, we studied the oviposition response of this moth to various aerial organs of this plant. Our results show that
females prefer to lay eggs on daphne berries rather than on grapes (cv. chasselas) and that polar surface extracts of daphne
berries and leaves strongly stimulate oviposition in a dosedependant way, whereas flower extracts are weakly stimulant and
branch extracts are inactive or deterrent for oviposition. Furthermore, a total extract of daphne berries stimulates oviposition
in semi-natural conditions when applied onto fresh grapes. Oviposition stimulants from berries were isolated by HPLC coupled
with a dual-choice oviposition bioassay. The ecological value of D. gnidium for L. botrana is discussed and the possible use of oviposition stimulants from daphne, contrasting with the oviposition signal of the cultivated
host plant, is proposed in the perspective of developing behavioural manipulation methods such as stimulo-deterrent diversionary
strategies compatible with IPM programs. 相似文献
103.
Kosuke Kawai Luong Thi Mai Huong Masato Yamada Masahiro Osako 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2016,18(3):517-526
The organic fraction of municipal solid wastes in Southeast Asia, which has a high moisture content, accounts for a large proportion of total waste. Local governments need to pay adequate attention to the composition of wastes to determine alternative waste management technologies. This study proposed the use of a triangle diagram to describe changes in proximate composition and rates of successful source separation of municipal solid waste and to identify technical challenges about alternative waste management technologies such as incineration, composting, and refuse-derived fuel production based on physical and proximate composition analysis of household waste sampled in Hanoi, Vietnam, as a case study. The analysis indicated the effectiveness of different types of source separation as well as different levels of successful achievement of source separation as an adjustment mechanism for the proximate composition of waste. Proper categorization of wastes for source separation is necessary for the appropriate use of alternative waste management technologies. The results showed that, at a source separation rate of just greater than 0.52 in a three-way separation scheme, the waste separated as combustible waste would be suitable for incineration with energy recovery. Based on well-designed schemes of source separation, alternative waste management technologies can be applied. 相似文献
104.
Pham Thi Anh Tran Thi My Dieu Arthur P.J. Mol Carolien Kroeze Simon R. Bush 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2011,19(17-18):2107-2118
The concept of industrial ecology has been applied in this research to study possibilities to develop an eco-industrial cluster model for fishery production industry in Vietnam. By learning from experiments of other developed countries, we apply the principles of Industrial Ecology and of Ecological Modernization in the context of Vietnam. We design a physical-technological conceptual model for minimizing waste in agro-industries, with a case study of frozen shrimp production. The results indicate that it is possible and feasible to develop an eco-industrial cluster including aquaculture, fishery processing companies, by-product plants, and wastewater treatment units. By doing so, aquaculture and industry can cooperate for environmentally sound development. Actors and institutions that may govern the proposed eco-industrial cluster of shrimp processing industry are also analysed in this paper. The economic feasibility of the designed eco-agro industrial cluster for fish production in Vietnam depends on the energy savings and effective revenues gained from selling the produced valuable materials, such as Chitosan and animal feed. 相似文献
105.
Drivers of Forest Cover Dynamics in Smallholder Farming Systems: The Case of Northwestern Vietnam 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The national-scale forest recovery of Vietnam started in the early 1990s and is associated with a shift from net deforestation to net reforestation. Large disparities in forest cover dynamics are, however, observed at the local scale. This study aims to unravel the mechanisms driving forest cover change for a mountainous region located in northwest Vietnam. Statistical analyses were used to explore the association between forest cover change and household characteristics. In Sa Pa district, deforestation rates are decreasing, but forest degradation continues at similar rates. Deforestation is not necessarily associated with impoverished ethnic communities or high levels of subsistence farming, and the largest forest cover dynamics are found in villages with the best socio-economic conditions. Our empirical study does not provide strong evidence of a dominant role of agriculture in forest cover dynamics. It shows that empirical studies on local-scale forest dynamics remain important to unravel the complexity of human–environment interactions. 相似文献
106.
Nguyen Cao Don Hiroyuki Araki Nguyen Thi Minh Hang Hiroyuki Yamanishi Kenichi Koga 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2008,10(2):219-231
Groundwater is an important resource in the alluvial coastal lowland plains. In the Shiroishi lowland plain, southwestern
Kyushu Island of Japan, land subsidence due to groundwater development has long been recognized as an environmental issue.
Land subsidence can have several negative economic and social implications. In this study, an integrated numerical groundwater
and land subsidence model, which combines a three-dimensional numerical groundwater flow model and a one-dimensional soil
consolidation model, was used to simulate the dynamic groundwater flow and ground subsidence due to pumping. On the other
hand, a groundwater optimization model was also formulated to search for an optimal safe yield of groundwater pumping without
violating physical, environmental, social-economic constraints. The model results reveal that groundwater levels in the aquifers
greatly vary from season to season in response to varying climatic and pumping conditions. Consequently, land subsidence has
rapidly occurred throughout the area with the central prone in Shiroishi plain. The study also proposes a countermeasure against
subsiding process in the area by means of numerical models. The optimization model result suggests that pumping can be increased
in the northern part of the study area without leading to significant land subsidence. 相似文献
107.
Thu Lan T. Nguyen Shabbir H. Gheewala Masayuki Sagisaka 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2010,18(5):412-418
One of the major justifications for bio-energy systems is their low greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions compared to fossil-energy ones. Transforming a sugar mill into a bio-energy plant would contribute to climate change mitigation via the extraction of renewable electricity and ethanol. This study takes the case of the sugar industry in Thailand and identifies scenario options that offer GHG reduction benefits. Improving efficiency in electricity generation from sugar cane residues e.g. excess bagasse and cane trash is such a beneficial option. Furthermore, extracting ethanol in a so-called bio-refinery, where the co-product stillage is utilized for energy, tends to magnify the potential benefit. The largest savings potential achieved with extracting ethanol from surplus sugar versus current practice in the sugar industry in Thailand amounts to 14 million tonnes CO2e a year. This cannot be realized in practice until the carbon debt from land conversion is repaid, which takes 4.5–7 years, assuming that the land converted is grassland. 相似文献
108.
The concept of school-based disaster risk reduction (DRR) education has increasingly become popular as greater emphasis is placed on the role of schools in reducing risks and building the resilience of the education system. This paper discusses the variations in the implementation of DRR education among primary schools in different areas including urban, rural, mountainous, plain and coastal areas in Da Nang City, Central Vietnam. For rural schools, similarities in the implementation of DRR education are observed and schools in both rural plain and rural mountainous areas stress the provision of disaster-related training. In addition, improvement of school buildings and external relationship is important for the resilience of urban schools. Specifically, for schools in urban coastal areas, school location and structure are significant, while for schools in the urban plain lands, enhancement of collaboration with their community has the most potential to contribute to the resilience of a school. From that, this research proposes that leadership and prioritization are key factors in helping schools to manage internal and external resources to efficiently overcome challenges and effectively promote DRR education towards the enhancement of schools’ resilience. 相似文献
109.
Nguyen Lan Huong Nguyen Tien Dung Tran Thi Viet Nga Nguyen Duc Luong Tran Hoai Son Nguyen Thuy Lien Nguyen Thi Huong Nguyen Hoang Giang Nguyen Tan Phong Nguyen Ngoc Tuan Isawa Tomoo Ta Yasutaka Sato Ryoichi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(28):41983-41991
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Steel slag is an industrial by product of steel manufacturing processes and has been widely utilized within civil and construction materials for road... 相似文献
110.
Nguyen Ngoc-Lien Bui Van-Hoi Pham Hoang-Nam To Hien-Minh Dijoux-Franca Marie-Geneviève Vu Cam-Tu Nguyen Kieu-Oanh Thi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(58):87268-87280
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aims to find the interaction between ionome and metabolome profiles of Pteris vittata L., an arsenic hyperaccumulator plant, to reveal its... 相似文献