浙东燕山晚期花岗岩的地球化学特征

浙东燕山晚期侵入岩分为I型和A型,本文研究了两个不同成因类型花岗岩的岩石化学、地球化学特征。A型花岗岩与I型花岗岩相比较,富硅、富碱、贫镁、贫钙、低铝,(Na+K)/Al(分子数)比值高,富Nb、Zr、Ga、F,而贫Sr、Ba、Cr、Ni、Co、V,Rb/Sr、Ga/Al比值高,LREE/HREE比值低,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线为“V”型,δEu强烈亏损;是下地壳残留的麻粒岩相较低程度部分熔融或是早期部分熔融形成Ⅰ型岩浆之后残余的亏损物质部分熔融的产物。Ⅰ型花岗岩是由下地壳岩石部分熔融形成母岩浆,在岩浆上升过程中与中上陆壳物质发生混染和分离结晶而形成。     

城市交通诱发地面振动测试时域分析

针对日益严重的城市交通所引起的环境振动问题,主要基于广州火车站附近高架路诱发沿线地面振动的现场实测,并包括动车组通过时的测试,通过对实测数据进行深入分析,总结出高架路诱发环境振地的传播规律,在最小二乘准则条件下,提出了更加符合环境振动实际传播特征的衰减经验公式。分析结果表明:竖向振动幅值高出水平向较多,在评价环境振动时,应以竖向振动为主;高架路诱发环境振动和动车组诱发环境振动均呈现脉冲响应特征;高架路诱发环境振动随距桥墩距离增加,脉冲响应特征快速消失,而动车组诱发环境振动的这个特征则相对不明显;存在局部振动放大区域;相比传统经验衰减公式,本文提出的环境振动经验衰减公式更能反映实际环境振动波的传播特点。     

串联氧化塘中氮、磷去除的容积分配效应的研究

在人工模拟条件下,串联厌氧 好氧塘在总容积相同,不同的容积分配的情况下,污水中的氮、磷去除效率不同,存在最佳容积分配比：V_厌/V_总约为0.27。在最佳容积分配比处,COD、氮、磷的去除率可分别提高11.4％、26.0％、51.6％。随着负荷、污水C/N比、温度、光照时间等因素的变化,氮磷去除呈一定的变化规律。说明了串联厌氧 好氧塘氮、磷去除的容积分配效应是客观存在的,合理的容积分配对氮、磷去除尤其重要     

微生物诱导微细粒硫化矿的絮凝浮选工艺研究

从湖南有色金属研究院采集的硫化金属矿渣中筛选出氧化亚铁硫杆菌,并将其应用于微细粒硫化矿的絮凝浮选实验研究。借助动电测定、微生物电镜观察研究了T.f菌与微细粒硫化矿在絮凝浮选实验中的作用形态。Zeta电位测定和微生物电镜观察结果表明,T.f菌在微细粒硫化矿表面形成了特效吸附;絮凝浮选数据表明,T.f菌作用后的微细粒硫化矿,Zn的品位提高到34%,回收率达到68.56%。这一研究为微细粒矿物废渣的资源回收提供了一条新的工艺路线。     

广东、广西地区酸沉降统计模式的研究

介绍了两广地区酸沉降模式,该模式的基础是定常欧拉型酸沉降模式,其中包括硫污染物的人工排放源,扩散输送,化学转化和干湿沉降,对全年120天气象资料进行计算和平均以后,得到广东、广西地区硫沉降的基本图象.从模式计算的结果可以看出,在目前低空排放(排放源在300m以下)的条件下,城市污染源排放的硫污染物的输送范围约10~2km量级、污染物的浓度及干湿沉降量都有显著的非均匀分布.     

环境战略的新发展

论文指出,环境战略从环境领域延伸到经济社会领域,将发展下环境作为一个整体对待,环境战略重点从污染防治转向资源和生态系统的保护,污染防治从尾端治理转向发展清洁生产,即从产业规划、产品规划,技术和工艺开发,产品设计,废物的综合利用和合理处理实行全过程的管理;从发展经济消除贫困寻求保护生态环境的正确道路,切断“贫困－过度开发自然资源－生态环境恶化－自然灾害加剧－更加贫困”的恶性循环,中国环境战略应与全球     

Effects of plant species coexistence on soil enzyme activities and soil microbial community structure under Cd and Pb combined pollution

The relationship between plant species coexistence and soil microbial communities under heavy metal pollution has attracted much attention in ecology. However, whether plant species coexistence could o set the impacts of heavy metal combined pollution on soil microbial community structure and soil enzymes activities is not well studied. The modified ecological dose model and PCR-RAPD method were used to assess the e ects of two plant species coexistence on soil microbial community and enzymes activities subjected to Cd and Pb combined stress. The results indicated that monoculture and mixed culture would increased microbe populations under Cd and Pb combined stress, and the order of sensitivity of microbial community responding to heavy metal stress was: actinomycetes > bacteria > fungi. The respirations were significantly higher in planted soil than that in unplanted soil. The plant species coexistence could enhance soil enzyme activities under Cd and Pb combined. Furthermore, planted soil would be helpful to enhance soil genetic polymorphisms, but Cd and Pb pollution would cause a decrease on soil genetic polymorphisms. Mixed culture would increase the ecological dose 50% (ED50) values, and the ED50 values for soil enzyme activities decreased with increasing culture time. The dehydrogenase was most sensitive to metal addition and easily loses activity under low dose of heavy metal. However, it was di cult to fully inhibit the phoshpatase activity, and urease responded similarly with phosphatase.     

国外大气中消耗臭氧层物质及其替代物的监测概况与启示

大气中消耗臭氧层物质(ODS)及其替代物监测是科学评估履约成效的重要基础。美国等发达国家针对大气中ODS及其替代物开展了长期的网络化监测,中国相关监测起步相对较晚,基础比较薄弱。该文总结了发达国家大气中ODS及其替代物的监测经验,分析了中国的监测现状及存在的问题,提出了中国大气中ODS及其替代物监测的建议:明确监测目标,推进国家大气中ODS及其替代物监测网络建设;加快相关监测设备研发及方法研究进程,形成规范统一的监测技术体系;定期开展监测数据质量评价,加强综合分析利用。通过采取相应措施,逐步形成中国履行保护臭氧层国际环境公约的监测支撑能力。     

Collaborative influence of morphology tuning and RE (La,Y, and Sm) doping on photocatalytic performance of nanoceria

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Tuning morphology and doping additional rare earth (RE) cations are potential techniques to promote the photocatalytic performance of ceria (CeO2),...     

Global burden analysis and AutoGluon prediction of accidental carbon monoxide poisoning by Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Accidental carbon monoxide poisoning (ACOP) is the most common occupational toxic disease, but related data are scarce or non-existent in many...