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101.
Mikhail Yu Semenov Irina I. Marinaite Natalia A. Zhuchenko Anton V. Silaev Konstantin E. Vershinin Yuri M. Semenov 《Chemistry and Ecology》2018,34(10):925-940
The concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), total carbon (TC), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in water and sediments of Lake Baikal and its tributaries were measured. It was found that according to existing water and sediment quality standards limiting permissible PAH concentrations, both surface waters and sediments in Lake Baikal watershed can be considered as unpolluted with PAHs compounds. Nevertheless, the spatial distribution of PAH concentrations in lake water indicates the existence of some point PAH sources in and around the lake. These sources were natural oil seeps and communal facilities such as residential coal-fired and oil-fired boilers. It was observed that concentrations of PAHs in both water and sediments are controlled by organic matter content and organic matter mineralisation degree, as indicated by PAH-to-carbon and nitrogen-to-carbon ratios respectively. It was found that PAH/TOC and PAH/TC ratios characterise PAH loading on water and sediments respectively, whereas DIN/TOC and TN/TC ratios characterise self-purification of water and sediments respectively. It was proved that PAH/TOC and DIN/TOC ratios can be used as tracers to evaluate the PAH contributions from tributaries to Lake Baikal. 相似文献
102.
Evgeny Ya. Davydov Irina S. Gaponova Tatiana V. Pokholok Georgy B. Pariiskii 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2011,19(1):312-327
Mechanism of nitrogen dioxide interaction with polymers containing amide and imide groups in the main or side chains of macromolecules
(polycaproamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide and polypyromellitimide) is considered. The initiators of conversions of polymers of the given classes
are not monoradicals of nitrogen dioxide rather than its equilibrium dimers in the form of nitrosyl nitrate. In primary oxidizing
reaction of an electron transfer from donor groups of macromolecules to nitrosyl nitrate, radical cations, nitric oxide and
nitrate anion are formed, which in the subsequent reactions give products of nitration and nitrosation. These products are
precursors of stable acylalkylaminoxyl, acylarylaminoxyl, iminoxyl macroradicals. The specific interactions of nitrogen dioxide
dimers with functional groups of macromolecules determine features of the mechanism of ion-radical conversions of the polymers
and the composition of radical and molecular products. The direct detection of radical cations has been realized by ESR method
for confirmation of the ion-radical initiation concept using model reaction of nitrogen dioxide with triphenylamine. 相似文献
103.
104.
Physiological and biochemical characteristic of Miscanthus × giganteus grown in heavy metal – oil sludge co-contaminated soil
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Anna Muratov Yelena Lyubun Irina Sungurtsev Olga Turkovskay Asil Nurzhanova 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(5):114-125
The effect of oil sludge and zinc, present in soil both separately and as a mixture on the physiological and biochemical parameters of Miscanthus × giganteus plant was examined in a pot experiment. The opposite effect of pollutants on the accumulation of plant biomass was established: in comparison with uncontaminated control the oil sludge increased, and Zn reduced the root and shoot biomass. Oil sludge had an inhibitory effect on the plant photosynthetic apparatus, which intensified in the presence of Zn. The specific antioxidant response of M. × giganteus to the presence of both pollutants was a marked increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase (mostly owing to oil sludge) and glutathione-S-transferase (mostly owing to zinc) in the shoots. The participation of glutathione-S-transferase in the detoxification of both the organic and the inorganic pollutants was assumed. Zn inhibited the activity of laccase-like oxidase, whereas oil sludge promoted laccase and ascorbate oxidase activities. This finding suggests that these enzymes play a part in the oxidative detoxification of the organic pollutаnt. With both pollutants used jointly, Zn accumulation in the roots increased 6-fold, leading to increase in the efficiency of soil clean-up from the metal. In turn, Zn did not significantly affect the soil clean-up from oil sludge. This study shows for the first time the effect of co-contamination of soil with oil sludge and Zn on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the bioenergetic plant M. × giganteus. The data obtained are important for understanding the mechanisms of phytoremediation with this plant. 相似文献
105.
Kuzikova Irina Andronov Evgeny Zaytseva Tatyana Metelkova Larissa Zhakovskaya Zoya Medvedeva Nadezda 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(46):69849-69860
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Pollution of aquatic ecosystems with nonylphenol (NP) and butyltins (BuTs) is of great concern due to their effects on endocrine activity, toxicity to... 相似文献