全文获取类型
收费全文 | 348篇 |
免费 | 7篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 29篇 |
废物处理 | 17篇 |
环保管理 | 59篇 |
综合类 | 54篇 |
基础理论 | 92篇 |
污染及防治 | 67篇 |
评价与监测 | 23篇 |
社会与环境 | 12篇 |
灾害及防治 | 7篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 6篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 14篇 |
2016年 | 21篇 |
2015年 | 10篇 |
2014年 | 9篇 |
2013年 | 29篇 |
2012年 | 15篇 |
2011年 | 20篇 |
2010年 | 20篇 |
2009年 | 15篇 |
2008年 | 16篇 |
2007年 | 22篇 |
2006年 | 23篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 6篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 8篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1958年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有360条查询结果,搜索用时 10 毫秒
261.
In the space of three to four years, gas has changed from being a premium fuel, not to be utilized in power stations, to virtually the only fuel being considered for future electricity generation in the UK. This paper reviews the growth in the use of gas for electricity generation within the UK, with particular regard to the adoption of the gas-fired combined cycle power station. The environmental, economic and strategic issues associated with the proposed development of approximately 27 GW of new gas-fired plant are analysed and the resulting effects on existing base load power plant within the UK are considered.Dr James W.S. Longhurst is Director of the Atmospheric Research and Information Centre, ARIC, at Manchester Metropolitan University He is an environmental scientist who has specialized in the air quality impacts of transport and energy. He holds a BSc, MSc and PhD in Environmental Science from, Plymouth Polytechnic, Aston University and Birmingham University, respectively. He has written numerous papers, consultancy reports, books and technical reports since 1986.Jane Bantock joined ARIC in 1992 with a degree in Environmental Studies from Manchester Polytechnic. She jointly manages ARIC's information and education programmes. Her research interests include the inter-relationship of UK energy policy and emission control in the electricity generating sector, the subject of her part time PhD, and urban air quality issues. 相似文献
262.
Andre Deppermann Markus Blesl Ole Boysen Harald Grethe David Bruchof 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2016,21(5):743-759
Over the past decade, the relationship between agricultural and energy markets has strengthened. Traditional energy sources have been increasingly replaced by energy from biomass, and this trend is expected to continue into the future. Consequently, an assessment of the efficiency of bioenergy policies requires a comprehensive analysis of both agricultural and energy markets. The objective of this paper is to analyze the impacts of two detailed European Union (EU) greenhouse gas (GHG) emission mitigation policies on the utilization of biomass for energy production and the implications for agricultural prices and trade. The consequences of a policy-induced shift from consumption of fossil to renewable energy are assessed under full consideration of interrelations between the energy and agricultural sectors. To this end, we combine an energy system model and an agricultural sector model by establishing a consistent interface between them. Depending on the ambition of the GHG emission reduction scenarios, the results indicate significant price increases. Furthermore, the increase in European demand for energy crops is to a substantial degree covered by additional imports. These results highlight that GHG emission mitigation policies enacted in a large economy like the EU cannot be considered without accounting for indirect effects in the rest of the world. They put the efficiency and also the effectiveness of such policies in general into question. 相似文献
263.
Megan J. Huggett Rocky de Nys Jane E. Williamson Mike Heasman Peter D. Steinberg 《Marine Biology》2005,147(5):1155-1163
Surfaces from the habitat of adult Haliotis rubra were tested as inducers of larval settlement to determine the cues that larvae may respond to in the field. Settlement was
high on the green algal species Ulva australis and Ulva compressa (Chlorophyta), the articulated coralline algae Amphiroa anceps and Corallina officinalis, and encrusting coralline algae (Rhodophyta). Biofilmed abiotic surfaces such as rocks, sand and shells did not induce settlement.
Ulvella lens was also included as a control. Treatment of U. australis, A. anceps and C. officinalis with antibiotics to reduce bacterial films on the surface did not reduce the settlement response of H. rubra larvae. Similarly, treatment of these species and encrusting coralline algae with germanium dioxide to reduce diatom growth
did not significantly reduce larval settlement. These results suggest that macroalgae, particularly green algal species, may
play an important role in the recruitment of H. rubra larvae in the field and can be used to induce larval settlement in hatchery culture. 相似文献
264.
Albert Robbat Jonathan E. Kenny Sigurdur Smarason Jane Wu Pepper Andrew O. Wright 《补救:环境净化治理成本、技术与工艺杂志》1998,9(1):95-111
This article describes new field-based technologies that support the Dynamic Workplan/Adaptive Sampling and Analysis Program employed to better characterize hazardous waste sites at lower cost. A laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) probe was designed and field-tested with a cone penetrometer (CP) for investigating petroleum contaminants present at under-ground tank farms. The LIF produced real-time quantitative data for naphthalene and semiquantitative results for total petroleum hydrocarbons and diesel range organics. Two different projects are described employing fast gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in the field. A 70-foot heated transfer line and probe were used in combination with a cone penetrometer to thermally extract (TE) subsurface soil-bound semivolatile organics. In the second project, soil samples were collected by a GeoprobeTM and brought to the surface for analysis. The direct measurement TECP data produced semiquantitative results while the more conventional means of collecting and analyzing samples produced risk analysis quality data in the field. A new set of mass spectrometry algorithms provided the technology breakthrough for identifying and quantifying a wide range of Environmental-Protection-Agency-listed target compounds in the presence of high levels of matrix (petroleum) interferents under fast, 7 min/sample, GC conditions. 相似文献
265.
266.
Modern Biomass Conversion Technologies 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
Andre Faaij 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2006,11(2):335-367
This article gives an overview of the state-of-the-art of key biomass conversion technologies currently deployed and technologies
that may play a key role in the future, including possible linkage to CO2 capture and sequestration technology (CCS). In doing so, special attention is paid to production of biofuels for the transport
sector, because this is likely to become the key emerging market for large-scale sustainable biomass use. Although the actual
role of bio-energy will depend on its competitiveness with fossil fuels and on agricultural policies worldwide, it seems realistic
to expect that the current contribution of bio-energy of 40–55 EJ per year will increase considerably. A range from 200 to
300 EJ may be observed looking well into this century, making biomass a more important energy supply option than mineral oil
today. A key issue for bio-energy is that its use should be modernized to fit into a sustainable development path. Especially
promising are the production of electricity via advanced conversion concepts (i.e. gasification and state-of-the-art combustion
and co-firing) and modern biomass derived fuels like methanol, hydrogen and ethanol from ligno-cellulosic biomass, which can
reach competitive cost levels within 1–2 decades (partly depending on price developments with petroleum). Sugar cane based
ethanol production already provides a competitive biofuel production system in tropical regions and further improvements are
possible. Flexible energy systems, in which biomass and fossil fuels can be used in combination, could be the backbone for
a low risk, low cost and low carbon emission energy supply system for large scale supply of fuels and power and providing
a framework for the evolution of large scale biomass raw material supply systems. The gasification route offers special possibilities
to combine this with low cost CO2 capture (and storage), resulting in concepts that are both flexible with respect to primary fuel input as well as product
mix and with the possibility of achieving zero or even negative carbon emissions. Prolonged RD&D efforts and biomass market
development, consistent policy support and international collaboration are essential to achieve this. 相似文献
267.
Ecosystems are often modeled as stocks of matter or energy connected by flows. Network environ analysis (NEA) is a set of mathematical methods for using powers of matrices to trace energy and material flows through such models. NEA has revealed several interesting properties of flow–storage networks, including dominance of indirect effects and the tendency for networks to create mutually positive interactions between species. However, the applicability of NEA is greatly limited by the fact that it can only be applied to models at constant steady states. In this paper, we present a new, computationally oriented approach to environ analysis called dynamic environ approximation (DEA). As a test of DEA, we use it to compute compartment throughflow in two implementations of a model of energy flow through an oyster reef ecosystem. We use a newly derived equation to compute model throughflow and compare its output to that of DEA. We find that DEA approximates the exact results given by this equation quite closely – in this particular case, with a mean Euclidean error ranging between 0.0008 and 0.21 – which gives a sense of how closely it reproduces other NEA-related quantities that cannot be exactly computed and discuss how to reduce this error. An application to calculating indirect flows in ecosystems is also discussed and dominance of indirect effects in a nonlinear model is demonstrated. 相似文献
268.
Measuring terrestrial subsidies to aquatic food webs using stable isotopes of hydrogen 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Understanding river food webs requires distinguishing energy derived from primary production in the river itself (autochthonous) from that produced externally (allochthonous), yet there are no universally applicable and reliable techniques for doing so. We compared the natural abundance stable isotope ratios of hydrogen (deltaD) of allochthonous and autochthonous energy sources in four different aquatic ecosystems. We found that autochthonous organic matter is uniformly far more depleted in deuterium (lower deltaD values) than allochthonous: an average difference of approximately 100% per hundred. We also found that organisms at higher trophic levels, including both aquatic invertebrates and fish, have deltaD values intermediate between aquatic algae and terrestrial plants. The consistent differences between leaves and algae in deltaD among these four watersheds, along with the intermediate values in higher trophic levels, indicate that natural abundance hydrogen isotope signatures are a powerful tool for partitioning energy flow in aquatic ecosystems. 相似文献
269.
Oceanic variability and coastal topography shape genetic structure in a long-dispersing sea urchin 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Understanding the scale of marine population connectivity is critical for the conservation and sustainable management of marine resources. For many marine species adults are benthic and relatively immobile, so patterns of larval dispersal and recruitment provide the key to understanding marine population connectivity. Contrary to previous expectations, recent studies have often detected unexpectedly low dispersal and fine-scale population structure in the sea, leading to a paradigm shift in how marine systems are viewed. Nonetheless, the link between fine-scale marine population structure and the underlying physical and biological processes has not been made. Here we show that patterns of genetic structure and population connectivity in the broadcast-spawning and long-distance dispersing sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii are influenced by physical oceanographic and geographic variables. Despite weak genetic differentiation and no isolation-by-distance over thousands of kilometers among samples from eastern Australia and northern New Zealand, fine-scale genetic structure was associated with sea surface temperature (SST) variability and geography along the southeastern Australian coast. The zone of high SST variability is characterized by periodic shedding of eddies from the East Australian Current, and we suggest that ocean current circulation may, through its influence on larval transport and recruitment, interact with the genetic consequences of large variance in individual reproductive success to generate patterns of fine-scale patchy genetic structure. If proven consistent across species, our findings suggest that the optimal scale for fisheries management and reserve design should vary among localities in relation to regional oceanographic variability and coastal geography. 相似文献
270.
Markey M. Johnson Ron Williams Zhihua Fan Lin Lin Edward Hudgens Jane Gallagher Alan Vette Lucas Neas Halûk Özkaynak 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(38):4927-4936
The Mechanistic Indicators of Childhood Asthma (MICA) study in Detroit, Michigan introduced a participant-based approach to reduce the resource burden associated with collection of indoor and outdoor residential air sampling data. A subset of participants designated as MICA-Air conducted indoor and outdoor residential sampling of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This participant-based methodology was subsequently adapted for use in the Vanguard phase of the U.S. National Children’s Study. The current paper examines residential indoor and outdoor concentrations of these pollutant species among health study participants in Detroit, Michigan.Pollutants measured under MICA-Air agreed well with other studies and continuous monitoring data collected in Detroit. For example, NO2 and BTEX concentrations reported for other Detroit area monitoring were generally within 10–15% of indoor and outdoor concentrations measured in MICA-Air households. Outdoor NO2 concentrations were typically higher than indoor NO2 concentration among MICA-Air homes, with a median indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio of 0.6 in homes that were not impacted by environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) during air sampling. Indoor concentrations generally exceeded outdoor concentrations for VOC and PAH species measured among non-ETS homes in the study. I/O ratios for BTEX species (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and m/p- and o-xylene) ranged from 1.2 for benzene to 3.1 for toluene. Outdoor NO2 concentrations were approximately 4.5 ppb higher on weekdays versus weekends. As expected, I/O ratios pollutants were generally higher for homes impacted by ETS.These findings suggest that participant-based air sampling can provide a cost-effective alternative to technician-based approaches for assessing indoor and outdoor residential air pollution in community health studies. We also introduced a technique for estimating daily concentrations at each home by weighting 2- and 7-day integrated concentrations using continuous measurements from regulatory monitoring sites. This approach may be applied to estimate short-term daily or hourly pollutant concentrations in future health studies. 相似文献