生物膜填料塔净化低浓度有机废气的可行性验证实验

用生物膜填料塔对实际工业低浓度甲苯废气的净化处理进行可行性验证。结果表明；用生物膜填料塔对实际工业低浓度甲苯废气净化是可行的，净化效果良好。     

饮用水中挥发性有机污染物的直接测定液氮冷阱/色谱/质谱—毛细管柱法

将冷阱用于液样浓缩器(LSC)/色谱/质谱(GC/MS)装置中,可对饮用水中挥发性有机污染物进行快速定性、定量分析.此方法适用于对饮用水及天然水体中挥发性有机污染物的普查和监测.     

RS和GIS技术在重大自然灾害监测评估中的应用

本文综述了ＲＳ和ＧＩＳ一体化技术在重大自然灾害监测评估中的应用，包括应用领域、应用范围、应用特点和应用技术方法四个方面。     

敏化剂特性及其耦合微波强化污泥破解研究

采用污泥活性炭（SAC）、TiO₂/SAC、Fe₃O₄/SAC作为敏化剂,结合微波处理技术对污泥进行了预处理,通过分析滤液中COD、DNA、氮、磷、有机物的含量及组分,探索微波+敏化剂的最佳处理条件.SAC负载TiO₂和Fe₃O₄后强化了其对电磁波的介电损耗和磁滞损耗,tan δ_ε分别增加了1.8和1.3倍,tan δ_μ分别增加到0.26和0.67.TiO₂/SAC投加量为0.25g/gSS时,样品滤液的COD浓度是1900mg/L,是原污泥和单独微波处理的4.52倍和1.86倍;Fe₃O₄/SAC投加量为0.35g/gSS时,样品滤液的COD浓度是2540mg/L,是原污泥和单独微波处理的6.05倍和2.45倍,Fe₃O₄/SAC强化污泥破壁效果更好.此时,样品滤液中TN、TP、蛋白质、多糖浓度分别为原污泥的7.7倍、16倍、7.49倍和71.69倍,微生物胞内和胞外聚合物中的物质大量释放,滤液中的溶解性有机物大大增加.微波+敏化剂的预处理方法有利于对污泥中氮、磷及有机物进行资源化利用与回收.     

Injury-related hospital admission of female firefighters in South Korea

Purpose. The main objective of this study was to ascertain whether injury-related hospital admission in all South Korea female firefighters is greater than that in the general population. Methods. To perform this comparison, the standardized admission ratios (SARs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by person-years and mortality computation software. Results. Compared to the general population, the SARs for overall injury (SAR?=?1.57, 95% CI [1.24, 1.96]) and for injury to the lower back (SAR?=?2.78, 95% CI [1.81, 4.07]) in the female firefighters were significantly higher. The SARs for injury to the knee (SAR?=?2.48, 95% CI [1.18, 4.55]) in emergency medical services (EMS) workers were significantly higher than those in the general population. Conclusions. Our study shows that the SARs of overall injury and injury to the lower back in female firefighters and knee injury in the EMS were significantly higher than those in the general population. Further studies are needed to protect the lower back of firefighters and the knees of EMS.     

Gaseous emissions from compressed natural gas buses in urban road and highway tests in China

The natural gas vehicle market is rapidly developing throughout the world, and the majority of such vehicles operate on compressed natural gas(CNG). However, most studies on the emission characteristics of CNG vehicles rely on laboratory chassis dynamometer measurements, which do not accurately represent actual road driving conditions. To further investigate the emission characteristics of CNG vehicles, two CNG city buses and two CNG coaches were tested on public urban roads and highway sections. Our results show that when speeds of 0–10 km/hr were increased to 10–20 km/hr, the CO_2, CO, nitrogen oxide(NO_x), and total hydrocarbon(THC) emission factors decreased by(71.6 ± 4.3)%,(65.6 ± 9.5)%,(64.9 ± 9.2)% and(67.8 ± 0.3)%, respectively. In this study, The Beijing city buses with stricter emission standards(Euro Ⅳ) did not have lower emission factors than the Chongqing coaches with Euro Ⅱ emission standards. Both the higher emission factors at 0–10 km/hr speeds and the higher percentage of driving in the low-speed regime during the entire road cycle may have contributed to the higher CO_2 and CO emission factors of these city buses. Additionally, compared with the emission factors produced in the urban road tests, the CO emission factors of the CNG buses in highway tests decreased the most(by 83.2%), followed by the THC emission factors, which decreased by 67.1%.     

木质素基聚合物的制备及亚甲基蓝的吸附

以木质素磺酸钠为原料单体、环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,采用反相乳液聚合法制备了木质素磺酸钠交联聚合物(SLCP),并将其用于水中有机染料的吸附。表征结果显示:SLCP基本保留了木质素磺酸钠的骨架和官能团,具有良好的热稳定性。实验结果表明:SLCP对亚甲基蓝(MB)有较好的吸附选择性,在加入量为0.5 g/L时就有较高的吸附效率;在溶液p H2~6范围内吸附量随溶液p H增大而迅速提高,溶液p H6后吸附量趋于稳定;最佳吸附温度为35℃;在SLCP加入量0.5 g/L、溶液p H 6.5、吸附温度25℃、初始MB质量浓度100.5 mg/L的条件下,吸附150 min基本可达平衡,吸附平衡时的吸附量和MB去除率分别为191.2 mg/g和95.1%;SLCP对MB的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,吸附动力学符合Lagergren拟二级动力学方程。     

不同 pH 浸提条件对生活垃圾焚烧炉渣重金属浸出影响研究

生活垃圾焚烧炉渣富集了大量重金属,对环境有严重影响。对生活垃圾焚烧炉渣以（ HJ／T 299－2007）硫酸硝酸法浸提,在不同的pH浸提条件下对炉渣中重金属浸出特性进行了实验研究。结果表明重金属浸出量随着浸出pH的下降有明显上升趋势,尤其在酸性条件下有明显提升。炉渣在酸雨长期浸泡下会浸出大量重金属,对周边土壤及地下水造成严重影响。     

固体废物中氰化物全量的测定方法研究

建立了固体废物中氰化物全量的测定方法.选择金矿、电镀污泥等典型固废实际样品为研究对象,探讨了氰化物的全量测定结果与提取液pH的关系,确定使用pH值>12的氢氧化钠水溶液做为全量提取液.提取液中氰化物的含量采用硝酸银滴定法、异烟酸-吡唑啉酮或异烟酸-巴比妥酸分光光度法进行测定.方法检出限分别为0.24、0.03及0.02 mg/kg,实际固废样品加标回收率范围在92.2%~107%,6次测定结果的RSD为1.5%~11.7%.该方法检出限低、回收率高,精密度和准确度良好,适用于固体废物中氰化物的全量测定.