Stabilization effects of surplus soft clay with cement and GBF slag

Utilization of industrial waste and surplus construction soft clay as construction material was recommended, and many attempts at geotechnical waste utilization were undertaken. This study aimed at the application of cement and a kind of industrial wastes, i.e. granulated blast furnace slag, on stabilization of surplus soft clay. The results showed that the cement and slag can successfully stabilize Ariake clays even though this high organic clay fails to be stabilized by lime and cement. Addition of slag in cement for stabilization induces higher strength than cement alone for longer curing time. The application of the cement with slag is more suitable than cement alone for stabilization because of economical consideration.     

新生态MnO2吸附剂对酸性媒介染料废水脱色特性研究

本文主要报道了一种用于染料废水处理的新型材料即新生态MnO2 及其对三种酸性媒介染料染色废水的脱色作用及影响脱色效果的主要因素。研究结果表明 ,新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介染料的吸附能力很强 ,当染料浓度为2 0 0mg/L、pH <2时 ,其对酸性媒介黑T、酸性媒介绿G和酸性媒介黄GG的脱色率分别达 98.2 %、94.5 %和 96 .4%。染料吸附效果受体系pH值、MnO2 投加量、吸附时间及温度等因素的影响 ,其中pH值是最主要的影响因素。新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介黄GG的吸附作用符合Langmuir吸附等温式     

卷烟企业安全检查考核管理模式研究

安全检查考核是解决企业安全生产过程中存在的问题,有效预防安全事故发生的重要环节和有效手段。根据《国家烟草专卖局关于认真落实国务院办公厅进一步推进安全生产＂三项行动＂通知的通知》和《烟草行业安全生产工作要点》等一系列文件精神和要求,明确安全管理目标和任务指标,认真落实安全生产责任制,严格执行安全生产监管考核机制,结合滕州卷烟厂的实际情况,提出了卷烟企业安全检查考核管理模式。     

浅谈国内外安全帽生产技术

安全帽作为对自然人头部受坠落物体或其他特定因素引起的伤害所采用的个人防护用品,越来越受到世界各国的安全防护行业的重视。特别是在发达国家,不断进行技术创新,更新安全帽标准。本文从安全帽技术领域方面．详细介绍各国制造安全帽常用材料的性能与特点,安全帽的模具材料、加工工艺、先进生产技术以及主要国家的安全帽检测标准差异。     

美军信息化单兵防护装备浅析

信息化单兵防护装备集战场防护、信息处理功能于一体,以士兵作战需求为核心,采用新材料及新技术,通过一体化、系统化集成设计,有效利用士兵身体作为携行平台,实现了单兵综合作战效能的提升。     

Effect of varying two key parameters in simulating evacuation for subway stations in China

With the rapid development in economics, subway systems have been constructed in many big cities of China. Computer evacuation models developed overseas are commonly applied in working out safety management scheme. However, input evacuation parameters are not compiled from surveying passenger behavior in China. In fact, very few studies were conducted on justifying such parameters. Staircases in subway stations, particularly those connecting the platform and the ticket hall, are identified as the ‘bottleneck’ during evacuation in the subway stations. The maximum upstairs speed and the average minimum width of staircase utilized per person are the two key parameters affecting the evacuation through the staircase. Effect of varying these two parameters will be studied in this paper by taking two subway stations in China as examples. Evacuation performance is predicted with the software buildingEXODUS. The default values in the software are used and adjusted through field survey. Effect of varying either or both of the two parameters is discussed. The possible causes on the differences and the factors to affect such effect are explored. It is found that changing both parameters simultaneously would reduce the overall evacuation time by 50%. The effect of varying the two parameters on the overall evacuation performance of the whole station depends also on the occupancy density in the station; and the travel distance from the outlet of the staircase between the platform and the ticket hall to the inlet of the staircase between the ticket hall and the ground surface.     

赤泥基纳米零价铁对多金属污染土壤修复效果

为实现重金属复合污染（Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd）土壤同步修复,构建土壤-小白菜体系,探究赤泥（RM）、纳米赤泥（RMn）以及纳米赤泥负载纳米零价铁（RMn-nZVI）这3种不同赤泥基钝化剂对Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd复合污染土壤的修复效果与机制,并考察土壤中Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd形态分布对小白菜积累Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd的控制作用.结果显示,3种钝化剂施用可显著提高土壤pH,降低土壤酸可提取态（F1）Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd含量,增加残渣态（F4）含量,最终钝化效果表现为：RMn-nZVI>RMn>RM.此外,3种钝化剂显著降低了小白菜可食用部分Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd的积累,其中RMn-nZVI处理下降低程度最高,Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd含量分别下降35.11%、45.05%、69.52%和59.63%.结果表明,纳米赤泥负载纳米零价铁新型钝化材料在重金属复合污染土壤修复领域具有一定的应用潜力.     

考虑侧壁阻力的顺层边坡失稳机制及稳定性评价∗

侧壁阻力作用下,顺层边坡主滑方向将偏离岩层倾向,其变形及失稳机制具有典型特征。以四川盆地马边河流域某顺层边坡为例,基于其工程地质条件,总结顺层边坡不同变形区域的特征,结合失稳边界条件研究了考虑侧壁阻力的顺层边坡失稳演化机制;最后,对比主滑方向偏离岩层倾向与否的受力差异,分析考虑侧壁阻力的顺层边坡三维稳定性,并研究了各影响因素的作用效应。结果表明：（1）考虑侧壁阻力的顺层边坡变形可划为失稳滑走区、滑坡区和稳定区,滑坡区包含滑动区和蠕滑变形区,滑动区岩体滑动后解体风化为碎、块石土,蠕滑变形区受侧壁阻力影响岩体仅变形拉裂;（2）顺层边坡经岩体劣化和前缘临空后,总体呈下部滑动、中部蠕滑拉裂的顺层临空-后退式破坏;滑动区边界受前缘及侧壁临空控制,长度与侧壁冲沟下切段长度相近;蠕滑变形区部分侧壁由节理面转化为挤压带,侧壁阻力增大,稳定性高于临界失稳状态;受侧壁阻力及滑体厚度控制,蠕滑变形区与稳定区界限处因滑体厚度削薄而拉裂;（3）建立了考虑侧壁阻力的顺层边坡稳定性系数计算式,以及岩层倾角δ、滑面倾角α、主滑方向偏离岩层倾向夹角β 三角度间的换算关系式,侧壁摩擦系数和β 越大,侧壁阻力越利于顺层边坡稳定。     

六种表面活性剂对斑马鱼胚胎发育的毒性效应

为评价六种常见农药表面活性剂对水生生物的风险,采用斑马鱼胚胎发育技术,研究其对斑马鱼胚胎的致死效应和致畸效应.结果表明,NP-10、OP-10、农乳700、农乳602、农乳1602、宁乳33对斑马鱼胚胎的致死中浓度分别为16.44、21.13、55.86、8446、109.90、120.08 mg·L-1,其中NP-10对斑马鱼胚胎急性毒性最大,宁乳33毒性最低;随着染毒剂量的增加,斑马鱼胚胎孵化率逐渐降低,致畸率逐渐提高,六种表面活性剂显示出相似的趋势,处理浓度与胚胎孵化率(致畸率)之间存在剂量-效应关系;NP-10、OP-10、农乳700处理组均诱导斑马鱼胚胎出现躯干侧翻、游囊关闭、躯干弯曲症状;农乳602、农乳1602、宁乳33处理组出现躯干侧翻、游囊关闭症状.     

雌激素受体作为壬基酚的主要作用靶点导致机体免疫毒性

雌激素作为一类重要的性腺类固醇化学信使,已经被证实能够直接调节机体免疫反应,因此,一些具有拟雌激素特性的环境内分泌干扰物(endocrine disruptors,EDs),会通过影响雌激素相关信号通路对免疫系统产生干扰作用。壬基酚(nonylphenol,NP)作为典型的环境内分泌干扰物,已有大量的文献报道其通过拟雌激素特性或干扰雌激素的合成、分泌、转运以及与靶点的结合,破坏机体生殖功能以及神经-免疫-内分泌系统,影响整体生理平衡与稳定。近年来,NP对免疫系统的干扰作用逐渐引起重视,研究发现,NP暴露会引起小鼠免疫器官及免疫细胞的发育异常,并且会导致新生小鼠肝毒性,肝脏细胞内炎性因子TNF-α、IL-1β分泌增加。除NP作为配体干扰雌激素信号通路外,尚未发现其他明确的分子机制解释NP造成的免疫毒性。本综述主要结合近年来相关的实验结果,总结了NP对免疫系统的潜在影响及其可能的分子机制。