Influence of moderate pre-oxidation treatment on the physical, chemical and phosphate adsorption properties of iron-containing activated carbon

A novel adsorbent based on iron oxide dispersed over activated carbon(AC) were prepared, and used for phosphate removal from aqueous solutions. The influence of pre-oxidation treatment on the physical, chemical and phosphate adsorption properties of iron-containing AC were determined. Two series of ACs, non-oxidized and oxidized carbon modified by iron(denoted as AC-Fe and AC/OFe), resulted in a maximum impregnated iron of 4.03% and 7.56%, respectively. AC/O-Fe showed 34.0%–46.6% higher phosphate removal efficiency than the AC-Fe did. This was first attributed to the moderate pre-oxidation of raw AC by nitric acid, achieved by dosing Fe(II) after a pre-oxidation, to obtain higher iron loading, which is favorable for phosphate adsorption. Additionally, the in-situ formed active site on the surface of carbon, which was derived from the oxidation of Fe(II) by nitric acid dominated the remarkably high efficiency with respect to the removal of phosphate. The activation energy for adsorption was calculated to be 10.53 and 18.88 kJ/mol for AC-Fe and AC/OFe, respectively. The results showed that the surface mass transfer and intra-particle diffusion were simultaneously occurring during the process and contribute to the adsorption mechanism.     

受污染土壤的微生物修复

污染土壤的微生物修复技术是一项非常有应用前景的环保新技术,它既经济又无二次污染,具有其它修复技术难以比拟的优势。本文介绍了中国土壤中重金属、农药、烃类污染的现状与危害,总结了土壤污染的微生物修复技术的研究现状,重点介绍了能够降解污染物的微生物,并从土壤微生物与污染物质的相互作用入手,较为系统地综合评述了国内外污染土壤的微生物修复原理与技术。同时,结合当前土壤污染的新特点对微生物修复技术进行预测和展望．指出了需要进一步研究的领域。     

炉渣填料用于前置反硝化BAF处理生活污水的启动性能研究

曝气生物滤池(BAF)是在普通生物滤池的基础上,借鉴给水滤池工艺开发的污水处理新工艺。以炉渣为填料采用前置反硝化曝气生物滤池处理模拟生活污水,研究了前置反硝化曝气生物滤池处理生活污水的启动状况,考察了启动过程中COD、NH4+-N等主要污染物的去除情况。试验结果表明,在水力负荷为1.74m/h、回流比150%、气水比为3∶1的条件下,COD和NH4+-N分别在35d和45d内得到了有效地去除。其中,COD出水浓度降到30mg/L以下,去除率稳定在85%以上;NH4+-N出水浓度降到10mg/L以下,去除率稳定在65%以上。研究结果表明选用炉渣作填料的前置反硝化曝气生物滤池在相对较短的时间内启动效果良好。     

主分量分析法用于湖泊富营养化评价的相互比较

应用主分量分析法,建立一个度量湖泊富营养化程度的综合指标,根据该综合指标的大小,可以进行湖泊富营养化程度的相互比较.通过实例分析并与统计评分评价结果比较表明,该法具有显著辨别不同富营养程度的变异性能力.