城市生活垃圾处理工程模式模糊综合评判系统的开发

通过设计出的评价指数表 ,运用模糊综合评判原理 ,建立城市生活垃圾处理工程模式的逻辑推理数学模型 ,并利用Delphi6 .0高级编程语言研制出工程模式模糊综合评判系统 ,以确定可选择的城市生活垃圾处理工程模式     

活性艳蓝X-BR的电化学行为及机理研究

采用循环伏安法、线性扫描伏安法及微分脉冲伏安法研究了活性艳蓝X BR在0 1mol·l- 1 KCl HCl溶液中的电化学行为 .研究发现 ,在 - 0 45V— 1 0VvsSCE电压范围内的循环过程中出现两对氧化还原电流峰 ,通过考察峰电压随溶液pH值的变化 ,提出了可能的电极反应机理 :阳极区的电极反应是属于失 1质子和 2电子的氧化反应 ,而阴极区的电极反应则是蒽醌基团被还原加氢成为氢醌基团的反应     

水体重金属修复研究现状

综述了地表水环境重金属污染现状和重金属治理主要方法,讨论了物理、化学和生物修复法的研究现状.生物修复法中的植物修复法,以及复合生态法联合功能材料的应用修复方法具有绿色环保和资源回收等显著优势,具有重要的应用前景.     

水果好吃须防病

长期以来人们普遍认为多吃营养丰富、香甜可口的水果有益于人体健康和美容,却不知如果不加选择或者过量地食用水果,反而会损害健康,引发疾病。美国专家研究表明,食用过多的果糖会使人体缺铜。他们在实验中用高果     

Chamber evaluation of a portable GC with tunable retention and microsensor-array detection for indoor air quality monitoring

The evaluation of a novel prototype instrument designed for on-site determinations of VOC mixtures found in indoor working environments is described. The instrument contains a miniature multi-stage preconcentrator, a dual-column separation module with pressure-tunable retention capabilities, and an integrated array of three polymer-coated surface acoustic wave sensors. It was challenged with dynamic test-atmospheres of a set of 15 common indoor air contaminants at parts-per-billion concentrations within a stainless-steel chamber under a range of conditions. Vapours were reliably identified at a known level of confidence by combining column retention times with sensor-array response patterns and applying a multivariate statistical test of pattern fidelity for the chromatographically resolved vapours. Estimates of vapour concentrations fell within 7% on average of those determined by EPA Method TO-17, and limits of detection ranged from 0.2 to 28 ppb at 25 degrees C for 1 L samples collected and analyzed in <12 min. No significant humidity effects were observed (0-90% RH). Increasing the chamber temperature from 25 to 30 degrees C reduced the retention times of the more volatile analytes which, in turn, demanded alterations in the scheduling of column-junction-point pressure (flow) modulations performed during the analysis. Reductions in sensor sensitivities with increasing temperature were predictable and similar among the sensors in the array such that most response patterns were not altered significantly. Short-term fluctuations in concentration were accurately tracked by the instrument. Results indicate that this type of instrument could provide routine, semi-autonomous, near-real-time, multi-vapour monitoring in support of efforts to assess air quality in office environments.     

苏玛罐采样-GC-FID/MS同时测定环境空气中多种VOCs

采用苏玛罐采样-大气预浓缩仪结合气相冷柱箱与Deans Switch中心切割技术,将C2～C3组分切割至HP-PLOT/Q+PT柱,用FID检测器分析,其余组分通过DB-1柱子分离后进入质谱分析,实现1次进样同时测定环境空气中57种PAMS和65种TO-15.结果表明:108种VOCs在0.15 nmol/mol～8....     

Planning for environmental justice in an urban national park

Urban national parks were designed in the 1970s to bring nature and recreational opportunities to socio-economically disadvantaged communities in the USA. Using the theoretical frame of environmental justice, this paper discusses findings of a recent survey of visitors to Los Angeles' Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area – the United States' largest urban national park. Findings show park visitors were predominantly white, affluent, and lived nearby. People of colour travelled further, were significantly less likely to be return visitors, and were less inclined to use the park for active recreation. Seemingly, this park fails to meet the needs of the disadvantaged urban communities for whom it was created, a problem that may also affect other parks in the United States and potentially parks in other countries. Park planners and managers can take practical steps to increase accessibility to this park for people of colour and low-income earners, and should monitor other parks for patterns of ethno-racially differentiated access and utilisation.     

采油污水深度处理和回收再利用

辽河油田欢喜岭采油厂是通过蒸汽吞吐减轻原油粘度进行开采的稠油油田,每日需要使用大量的水资源。针对其特点,建成投产了欢喜岭采油厂欢四联污水深度处理站。文章介绍了欢四联污水深度处理的流程、回注流程,进行了试验结果分析以及效益评价;并通过深度处理污水回注的成功降低了生产成本,产生了良好的经济效益并大幅度减少了对环境的污染。     

清罐油泥资源化综合利用技术应用

采用清罐含油污泥资源化综合利用技术,处理后的含油污泥经检测其灰渣重金属含量均小于我国GB 15618-1995《土壤环境质量标准》和GB 4284-84《农用污泥中污染物控制标准》,灰渣浸出液达到GB5085.3-2007《危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别》二级标准、燃烧后产生的废气和烟尘达到GB 13271-2001《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》。解决了清罐油泥处理难的问题,同时符合国家推行清洁生产,大力发展循环经济的要求,使生产过程中的废物减量化、资源化、无害化,减小了油泥排污费用,具有显著环境效益和社会效益。     

Pyrolysis characteristics of organic components of municipal solid waste at high heating rates

The pyrolysis characteristics of six representative organic components of municipal solid waste (MSW) and their mixtures were studied in a specially designed thermogravimetric analysis apparatus with a maximum recorded heating rate of 864.8 degrees Cmin(-1). The pyrolysis behavior of individual components was described by the Avrami-Erofeev equation. The influence of final temperature on individual components was studied, and it was concluded that final temperature was a factor in reaction speed and intensity, but that it played only a limited role in determining the reaction mechanism. The interactions between different components were evaluated, and it was concluded that the interaction between homogeneous materials was minimal, whereas the interaction between polyethylene and biomass was significant.