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801.
802.
Persistent organochlorines in human breast milk collected from primiparae in Dalian and Shenyang, China 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Kunisue T Someya M Kayama F Jin Y Tanabe S 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2004,131(3):381-392
The present study determined the concentrations of organochlorines (OCs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), chlordane compounds (CHLs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and tris(4-chlorophenyl)methane (TCPMe) in human breast milk collected from primiparae in Dalian and Shenyang, northeastern China during 2002. In addition, dioxins and related compounds in pooled samples of human breast milk from Dalian and Shenyang were also analyzed. OCs were detected in all the human breast milk samples analyzed in this study. The predominant contaminants in human breast milk were HCHs, DDTs and HCB, and the levels were relatively higher than those in other countries. On the other hand, concentrations of dioxins and related compounds, PCBs, and CHLs were relatively low. Concentrations of OCs in human breast milk from Dalian, which is located along the coast of Bo Hai Strait, were significantly higher than those from Shenyang, implying that the residents in Dalian might be mainly exposed to these contaminants from seafood. When the relationship between concentrations of OCs in human breast milk and age of primiparae was examined, no significant correlation was observed. This might be caused by the limited sample numbers and narrow range of mother's age and/or recent ban of DDT and HCH production and use. Significant correlation between concentrations of TCPMe and DDTs in human breast milk suggested that technical DDT might be a source of TCPMe in the Chinese population. When daily intakes of DDTs and HCHs to infants through human breast milk were estimated, human breast milk from Dalian showed significantly higher contribution than Shenyang, implying that infants in Dalian might be at higher risk by these contaminants. 相似文献
803.
超声波有机改性凹凸棒土的苯酚吸附性能研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
采用超声波技术,对凹凸棒土进行有机改性,提高凹凸棒土的苯酚吸附能力,比较了不同的阳离子表面活性剂的改性效果,并且通过正交实验得出了超声波改性的最优化工艺条件为:十八烷基三甲基氯化铵的添加比例为35 mmol/100 g,超声波处理时间10 min,屏极电流0.5 A.在此条件下,苯酚去除率可达酸处理凹凸棒土的80倍以上,是搅拌有机改性的1.5倍. 相似文献
804.
在对评估工作的过去和现状进行回顾的基础上,对评估工作的市场化和拓展评估领域进行了分析和展望,以使评估工作发挥更大的作用,更好地为环境管理工作服务。 相似文献
805.
Overflows and leakage from aboveground storage tanks and pipelines carrying crude oil and petroleum products occur frequently. The spilled hydrocarbons pose environmental threats by contaminating the surrounding soil and the underlying ground water. Predicting the fate and transport of these chemicals is required for environmental risk assessment and for remedial measure design. The present paper discusses the formulation and application of the Oil Surface Flow Screening Model (OILSFSM) for predicting the surface flow of oil by taking into account infiltration and evaporation. Surface flow is simulated using a semi-analytical model based on the lubrication theory approximation of viscous flow. Infiltration is simulated using a version of the Green and Ampt infiltration model, which is modified to account for oil properties. Evaporation of volatile compounds is simulated using a compositional model that accounts for the changes in the fraction of each compound in the spilled oil. The coupling between surface flow, infiltration and evaporation is achieved by incorporating the infiltration and evaporation fluxes into the global continuity equation of the spilled oil. The model was verified against numerical models for infiltration and analytical models for surface flow. The verification study demonstrates the applicability of the model. 相似文献
806.
807.
环评中人群健康评价的指标探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在环境污染对人群健康的影响评价中,为了选择的指标能够确切地反映污染与效应之间的关系,比较系统地总结和研究了各项指标的适用范围、敏感性、可操作性及应用实例,阐述了环境污染对人体的非特异性危害的原理及其指标应用。提出5方面共10项指标作为评价的常用指标。 相似文献
808.
白腐菌是一种可有效处理染料废水的丝状真菌 ,它可通过其分泌的特殊的降解酶系或其他机制将各种人工合成的染料彻底降解为CO2 和H2 O ,同时 ,对脱色具有良好的作用。本文就白腐菌的生物学特性及其对染料的降解酶系、机理和白腐菌发酵的主要影响因子、白腐菌处理染料废水的有关研究及应用现状进行了综述 相似文献
809.
810.
应用11种限制性内酶BamHⅠ、BstEⅡ、EcoRⅠ、EcoRⅤ、HindⅢ、KpnⅠ、PstⅠ、SalⅠ、SstⅠ、XbaⅠaⅠ和XⅠⅠ和XhoⅠ分别将中国棉铃虫核多角体病毒(单粒包埋HaSNPV)湖北株基因组D组DNA酶切为10、12、22、21、13、6、6、40、6、21、6个片段,并求得基因组大小平均为1什什Mr≈79.1×106.以家委核多角体病毒BmNPV多角体基因为探针,利用Southern杂交技术将病毒多角体基因定位在SalⅠ4.2×103b左右的片段上.与棉铃虫核多角体病毒其它株系酶切图谱比较结果表明,本株病毒与上海等株系及美洲棉铃虫核多角体病毒HaSNPVElkar株系酶切图谱相似,它们之间的条带数和大小差异较小,而与已发现的所有多粒包埋型病毒HaSNPV酶切图主谱差异较大.据此认为HaSNPV和HaMNPV属于基因型不同的两类病毒,而HaSNPV不同分离株的同源性很高 相似文献