Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was decomposed by using gamma irradiation in the presence of different additives such as NO3−, NO2−, Cr(VI), 2-propanol, and tert-butanol. The results demonstrated that NO3−, NO2−, 2-propanol, and tert-butanol inhibited SMX radiolytic removal. However, there existed a synergetic effect for radiolytic removal of the mixture containing SMX and Cr(VI). At an absorbed dose of 150 Gy, the removal percentages of SMX and Cr(VI) in the mixture were 73.5 and 84.6%, respectively, which was higher than the removal percentages of 70.6 and 4.1% for the single component of SMX and Cr(VI). This provides us an insight into treating the combined pollution in micro-polluted water. The SMX radiolytic removal followed a pseudo first-order reaction kinetic model, and the rate constant ratios of ·OH, eaq−, and H· towards SMX radiolysis were 10.4:1:2.9. In addition, 24-h bio-inhibitory to the macroalgae of SMX solution during gamma irradiation reached the maximum of 0.85 at an adsorbed dose of 100 Gy, then gradually decreased with the increasing adsorbed dose. Based on LC-MS analysis and quantum chemical calculation, the degradation intermediates were determined and concluded that SMX radiolytic removal was mainly via ·OH radical attack and direct decomposition of SMX molecule by gamma ray.
Pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of water management,namely continuous flooding(CF),intermittent flooding(IF) and non-flooding(NF),on Cd phytoavailaility in three paddy soils that differed in p H and in Cd concentrations.Diffusive gradients in thin films(DGT) technique was employed to monitor soil labile Cd and Fe concentrations simultaneously at three growth stages(tillering,heading and mature stage)of rice.The Cd phytoavailability were generally in the order of NF > IF ... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - We attempt to understand the pollution characteristics and carcinogenic risk of toxic elements around Hutou Village, Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province,... 相似文献
预应力锚固系统为核心的变形主动控制技术为隧道挤压大变形的治理开辟了新途径,作为其中协同支护的钢带,其受力特性及结构效应未明确。鉴于此,在分析钢带主要结构形式的基础上,理论分析与数值仿真结合,开展了软岩隧道预应力锚固系统中钢带的结构效应研究。研究结果表明:基于单跨简支梁理论,得到随钢带惯性矩增大,围岩(跨中)挠度和最大主应力均呈现“先急后缓再平”的减小趋势,以此建议软岩隧道优先采用 W 形钢带、且惯性矩>2.92E?01cm4 ;通过建立“预应力锚杆+钢带”与围岩作用模型,发现较单一预应力锚杆支护,钢带协同预应力锚杆支护具有更优的围岩变形控制效果和更佳的围岩应力改善功效,同时,锚杆的受力减小,相互间也更趋均匀。 相似文献