镉对体外培养鸡脾淋巴细胞钙稳态的影响

为了探讨钙稳态在镉对禽类免疫抑制中的作用,以终浓度为10 pμmol·L-1的CdCI:对急性分离的鸡脾淋巴细胞进行染毒,分别在培养12、24、36、48 h和72 h时收集细胞,采用Eura-2/AM荧光标记、半定量RT-PCR和酶试剂盒比色的方法分别研究了细胞内游离钙离子浓度、CaMmRNA的表达以及钙泵的活性.结果表明,随着镉作用时间的延长,淋巴细胞内游离钙离子浓度不断升高.CaM mRNA表达水平和钙泵活性不断下降,试验组与对照组差异显著(p<0.05或P<0.01),提示镉可使淋巴细胞内钙稳态失调而发挥免疫毒性作用.     

镉对鸡垂体Fas和caspase-3 mRNA表达的影响

探讨氯化镉(CdCl2)诱导鸡脑垂体细胞凋亡的发生情况及对凋亡相关基因Fas和caspase-3表达的影响.选择健康50日龄海兰白蛋鸡90只,分为3组,每组30只,以CdCl2含量为0、140、210 mg·kg -1的拌料饲喂,分别于染毒20d、40d和60d时取垂体,用原位末端标记(Tunel)和RT-PCR方法检测细胞凋亡和基因表达情况.实验结果表明,CdCl2作用后可致鸡腺垂体细胞呈现明显的凋亡征象,并可诱导垂体细胞Fas和caspase-3 mRNA表达的增加;在整个试验期的各个时间点2个剂量组的凋亡率和基因表达量与对照组相比差异显著(p<0.01),且随着染镉时间的延长,低剂量组的凋亡率以及Fas、caspase-3 mRNA表达增加较明显.这表明,一定剂量的CdCl2可诱导鸡垂体细胞凋亡,在此过程中Fas和caspase-3 mRNA表达呈现出与凋亡较为一致的趋势.     

在有机废水处理领域内的CDM项目分析

介绍清洁发展机制(CDM)的主要内容及国内外在废水领域的温室气体的排放现状。同时结合国内废水领域的温室气体的排放情况,以《中华人民共和国气候变化初始国家信息通报》的数据为基础,分析了CDM项目的经济、能源和环境效益。     

T-2毒素的毒性效应及致毒机制研究进展

T-2毒素是由多种镰刀菌产生的单端孢霉烯族化合物中毒性较强的一种毒素,广泛存在于谷物和谷类食品中.经食物连续摄入T-2毒素会对人类和动物的健康造成潜在危害.目前,T-2毒素对人和动物健康的影响受到了社会的广泛关注,已成为毒理学领域研究的热点课题之一.在综述了T-2毒素的生物转化、代谢途径及其毒理学效应与机制基础上,对现...     

Speciation characterization and coagulation of poly-silica-ferric-chloride：The role of hydrolyzed Fe（Ⅲ） and silica interaction

The highly e cient inorganic polymer flocculants (IPFs) of the ferric-silica system is a new and promising coagulant. Interactions between ferric species and silica play a large part in the coagulation of suspensions. These e ects are quite distinct from those associated with polymeric or colloid silica. However, although these species are key to coagulation e ciency, they have not been comprehensively discussed. A new type of coagulant, poly-silica-ferric-chloride (PFSC), was synthesized by co-polymerization and characterized by time complexation spectroscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. Compared with traditional ferric salt, the results indicated that PFSC had a higher molecular weight, lesser positive charge, lower Feb and higher Fec. The higher the Si/Fe ratio, the higher the silica and lower the silicac found. The PFSC with appropriate polysilica acid not only obtained better coagulation/flocculation e ciency in turbidity removal, enhanced the flocculation index (FI) and provided less residual ferric, it also lowered water treatment costs compared to traditional ferric salt. Results showed that PFSC could remove colloid particles in water by charge neutralization and sweeping, adsorption bridging mechanism.     

Fabrication and characterization of lightweight aggregate prepared from steel mill sludge in one step

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The qualified green lightweight aggregate (LWA) was successfully prepared from steel mill sludge (SMS) and fly ash (FAS) in one step using the...     

Direct degradation of methylene blue by unactivated peroxymonosulfate: reaction parameters,kinetics, and mechanism

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are efficient methods for water purification. However, there are few studies on using peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to...     

The U.S.-China Supply Competition for Rare Earth Elements: a Dynamic Game View

Environmental Modeling & Assessment - Rare earth elements govern today’s high-tech world and are deemed to be essential for the attainment of sustainable development goals. Since the...     

基于多因素分析的玻璃行业员工不安全行为研究

采用问卷调查、信效度分析和因子分析等方法,研究玻璃行业不安全行为影响因素,研究结果表明：玻璃行业员工不安全行为主要包括车间照明、PPE佩戴等18个影响因素指标;根据方差分析结果将影响因素归结为工作环境与行为要求（F₁）、安全教育与培训（F₂）、群体与组织行为影响（F₃）和激励沟通与奖惩（F₄）等4个主因子,其方差解释率分别为32%、12%、10%、10%,权重分别为0.51、0.19、0.15、0.15;根据分析结果针对性提出“4+1”安全管理模式,为玻璃行业降低不安全行为几率、保障安全生产提供理论依据。     

Multiple-pattern parameter identification and uncertainty analysis approach for water quality modeling

This paper presents a multiple-pattern parameter identification and uncertainty analysis approach for robust water quality modeling using a neural network (NN) embedded genetic algorithm (GA). The modeling approach uses an adaptive NN–GA framework to inversely solve the governing equations in a water quality model for multiple parameter patterns, along with an alternating fitness method to maintain solution diversity. The procedure was demonstrated through a coupled 2D hydrodynamic and eutrophication model for Loch Raven Reservoir in Maryland. The inverse problem was formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem minimizing the degree of misfit (DOM) between model results and observed data. A set of NN models was developed to approximate the input-output response relationship of the Loch Raven Reservoir model and was incorporated into a GA framework in an adaptive fashion to search for near-optimal solutions minimizing the DOM. The numerical example showed that the adaptive NN–GA approach is capable of identifying multiple parameter patterns that reproduce the observed data equally well. The resulting parameter patterns were incorporated into the numerical model, and a multiple-pattern robust water quality modeling analysis, along with a compound margin of safety (CMOS) method, was proposed and applied to analyze the parameter pattern uncertainty.