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201.
Juan A. Amat Miguel A. Rendón Juan Garrido-Fernández Araceli Garrido Manuel Rendón-Martos Antonio Pérez-Gálvez 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2011,65(4):665-673
It was long thought that the colour of bird feathers does not change after plumage moult. However, there is increasing evidence
that the colour of feathers may change due to abrasion, photochemical change and staining, either accidental or deliberate.
The coloration of plumage due to deliberate staining, i.e. with cosmetic purposes, may help individuals to communicate their
quality to conspecifics. The presence of carotenoids in preen oils has been previously only suggested, and here we confirm
for the first time its presence in such oils. Moreover, the carotenoids in the uropygial secretions were the same specific
pigments found in feathers. We show not only that the colour of feathers of greater flamingos Phoenicopterus roseus became more colourful due to the application of carotenoids from uropygial secretions over the plumage but also that the
feathers became more colourful with the quantity of pigments applied over them, thus providing evidence of cosmetic coloration.
Flamingos used uropygial secretions as cosmetic much more frequently during periods when they were displaying in groups than
during the rest of the year, suggesting that the primary function of cosmetic coloration is mate choice. Individuals with
more colourful plumage initiated nesting earlier. There was a correlation between plumage coloration before and after removal
of uropygial secretions from feathers’ surfaces, suggesting that the use of these pigmented secretions may function as a signal
amplifier by increasing the perceptibility of plumage colour, and hence of individual quality. As the cosmetic coloration
strengthens signal intensity by reinforcing base-plumage colour, its use may help to the understanding of selection for signal
efficacy by making interindividual differences more apparent. 相似文献
202.
Parra A Oyarzún J Maturana H Kretschmer N Meza F Oyarzún R 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,181(1-4):69-82
This contribution analyzes water chemical data for the Choapa basin, North Central Chile, for the period 1980-2004. The parameters considered are As, Cu Fe, pH, EC, SO??2, Cl?1, and HCO[Formula: see text], from samples taken in nine monitoring stations throughout the basin. Results show rather moderate contents of As, Cu, and Fe, with the exception of the Cuncumén River and the Aucó creek, explained by the influence of the huge porphyry copper deposit of Los Pelambres and by the presence of mining operations, respectively. When compared against results obtained in previous researches at the neighboring Elqui river basin, which host the El Indio Au-Cu-As district, a much reduced grade of pollution is recognized for the Choapa basin. Considering the effect of acid rock drainage (ARD)-related Cu contents on the fine fraction of the sediments of both river basins, the differences recorded are even more striking. Although the Los Pelambres porphyry copper deposit, on the headwaters of the Choapa river basin, is between one and two orders of magnitude bigger than El Indio, stream water and sediments of the former exhibit significantly lower copper contents than those of the latter. A main factor which may explain these results is the smaller degree of H(?+?)-metasomatism on the host rocks of the Los Pelambres deposit, where mafic andesitic volcanic rocks presenting propylitic hydrothermal alteration are dominant. This fact contrast with the highly altered host rocks of El Indio district, where most of them have lost their potential to neutralize ARD. 相似文献
203.
Multi-year monitoring of estuarine sediments as ultimate sink for DDT, HCH, and other organochlorinated pesticides in Argentina 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Andr��s Hugo Arias Marcelo T. Pereyra Jorge E. Marcovecchio 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,172(1-4):17-32
Forty-nine superficial sediment samples used in this study were collected from eight sites in the Bahia Blanca Estuary, located in the Buenos Aires Province southwest, Argentina, in a period between April 2005 and March 2009, to assess the concentration levels, spatial and seasonal distribution, and putative input sources of 18 selected organochlorine pesticides (OCs), following UNEP-IAEA procedures. Average concentration levels in sediments ranged between 3.54 and 63.79 ng g???1, d.w. (mean = 15.99 ng g???1, d.w.), for ??OCs, and from nondetectable to 8.03 ng g???1, d.w. (mean = 2.16 ng g???1, d.w.), and from nondetectable to 3.20 ng g???1 (mean = 0.97 ng g???1, d.w.) for hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), respectively. Principal component analysis allowed the classification of sampling sites according to the main OCs inputs over the estuary. In comparison to other worldwide locations and to the world coastal sediment concentrations range, sediment DDTs and HCHs levels were in the low range; on the opposite, ??OCs average was in the medium range. OCs seasonal distribution was found to be highly correlated with the precipitations seasonality and sowing seasons in the adjacent agriculture fields. In addition, an ecotoxicological risk assessment pointed industrial and agriculture catchment zones with intermediate probability of adverse effects to biota, while the city sewage outfall was classified with none indication of an immediate threat. Data indicated that the estuary sediments were functioning as a sink for persistent OC pesticides (either in use or banned), however, it was found a declining trend on their environmental burden. 相似文献
204.
Nancy ArandaCirerol Francisco Com��n Jorge Herrera-Silveira 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,172(1-4):493-505
Human activities have altered the balance of ecosystems to the detriment of natural environments. Eutrophication is a serious risk in Yucatán, a state in the eastern peninsula of México where groundwater supplies the only freshwater to a karst shelf environment. While economic development in Yucatán is increasing, environmental awareness is lagging, and efficient waste treatment systems are lacking. To assess potential nitrogen and phosphorus inputs into the coastal zone of Yucatán, we analyzed government reports and the chemical composition of groundwater and aquaculture wastewater. Swine, poultry, and tourism are revealed as the main continental nutrient sources, while groundwater with high nitrate concentrations is the principal coastal nutrient source, a pattern similar to other river discharges around the world. This study demonstrates that environmental risk management practices must be implemented in the Yucatán region to protect groundwater quality. 相似文献
205.
Benkdad A Laissaoui A Tornero MV Benmansour M Chakir E Garrido IM Moreno JB 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,182(1-4):317-324
Macroalgae species Codium sp, Bangia atropurpurea, Membranoptera alata, Plocamium cartilagineum, Dictyota dichotoma, Fucus spiralis and Stypocaulon scoparia were collected from seven stations along the north coast of Morocco. Samples were analysed to determine activities of naturally occurring radionuclides ((210)Pb, U isotopes and (40)K) and concentrations of metals (Zn, Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, Mn, Pb, Cd, As and Cr) using radiometric and ICP-OES techniques, respectively. Metal concentrations were within ranges reported in the scientific literature, and concentrations of bio-essential elements were in the order Mn>Fe> Zn>Cu in all samples. Brown algae had the highest concentrations of almost all metals, and concentrations decreased in the order brown>red>green algae. With respect to radionuclides, the red alga P. cartilagineum had the highest activities of (210)Pb, in most cases an order of magnitude higher than for the green alga Codium sp. (234)U and (238)U activities in all algae samples were in the range 0.96- 7.61 and 1.16-6.14 Bq/kg dry weight, respectively. Our analyses of radionuclide activities and metal concentrations in marine macroalgae showed large differences among taxa. These results provide insights into which algal species should be used for biomonitoring programmes. 相似文献
206.
Jorge Alberto Achcar Douglas Ernesto Fazioni Sousa Eliane R. Rodrigues Guadalupe Tzintzun 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2011,16(3):251-264
Ozone air pollution is a serious problem in several cities of the world. Hence, to analyse the behaviour of this pollutant
is a very important issue. One problem of interest is to study the behaviour of the inter-occurrences times between two ozone
exceedances, i.e. between two days in which the pollutant’s measurement surpasses a given threshold. Another interest resides
in comparing the behaviour of ozone measurements in different seasons of the year. In this paper we use some Poisson models
to analyse this problem. The time interval at which the ozone measurements were taken is split into subintervals corresponding
roughly to the seasons of the year. We consider three parametric forms for the mean of the Poisson model, and consequently
for the mean of the inter-occurrences times. In each model, the parameters describing its mean are estimated using Bayesian
inference via Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. The models are applied to the ozone measurements provided by the Mexico City
monitoring network. Theoretical results suggest that an increase has occurred in the mean inter-exceedances times and this
is corroborated by the observed data. Differences between the behaviour of the pollutant during different seasons of the year
are also detected as well as similarities in the same season in different years. Besides estimating the mean of the Poisson
models, inference for the possible presence and location of change-points indicating change of parameters of the model is
also performed. 相似文献
207.
Garrido Isabel Fenoll José Flores Pilar Hellín Pilar Pérez-Lucas Gabriel Navarro Simón 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):23647-23656
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - One of the consequences of phytosanitary treatments applied to crops is the generation of a great volume of agro-wastewater having pesticide residues.... 相似文献
208.
da Silva Maryne Patrícia de Souza Ziani Santana Bandeira Cavalcanti Jorge Vinicius Fernandes Lima Fraga Tiago José Marques da Motta Sobrinho Maurício Alves Ghislandi Marcos Gomes 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):23684-23698
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Multilayer graphene oxide (mGO) was synthesized and functionalized via co-precipitation method to produce magnetic Fe3O4-functionalized multilayer... 相似文献
209.
Delgado-Alvarez Carolina Guadalupe Ruelas-Inzunza Jorge Osuna-Martínez Carmen Cristina Bergés-Tiznado Magdalena Elizabeth Escobar-Sánchez Ofelia Ocampo-Rodríguez Pedro Octavio Soto-Romero Karen Lizbeth Garzón-Raygoza Nancy Lorena Aguilar-Júarez Marisela Osuna-López José Isidro Frías-Espericueta Martín 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(9):10909-10917
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Mercury and selenium concentrations and Se:Hg molar ratio in edible muscle and hepatopancreas of the crab Callinectes arcuatus from coastal lagoons of... 相似文献
210.
The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) is a Multilateral Environmental Agreement (MEA) focused on species that regularly travel across international borders. Despite covering an important group of species, CMS is under-utilized compared to other conservation-focused MEAs. CMS suffers from a lack of participation across North America and most of Asia. Our goal is to illustrate differences in species richness and average range-size across signatory and nonsignatory nation-states using range–diversity plots. We also show differences in the cost of CMS membership relative to species patterns to highlight which countries may be discouraged from becoming CMS signatories. Despite containing many CMS species, large economies such as the United States, Russia, and China are not members of the convention. To facilitate migratory species conservation into the future, CMS should seek to fill gaps in participation, potentially directing recruitment efforts toward nonsignatory states that would receive the largest benefit at the lowest relative cost. 相似文献