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11.
John C. Mycock Rodney A. Gibson Joyce M. Foster James H. Turner 《Environment international》1981,6(1-6)
As a follow-up to a pilot study, a full scale investigation of applying high velocity fabric filtration to coal-fired boiler fly ash control was conducted. Two filter systems were separately applied to two 60,000 lb/h coal-fired boilers. Performance evaluations conducted over the course of a year included total mass removal efficiency and fractional efficiencies. One filtration system employed Teflon felt as the filter media while the second system employed Gore-Tex, a Polytetrofluorethylene (PTFE) laminate on PTFE woven backing. During the course of the year, a limited number of glass felt and woven glass bags were introduced into the house containing Gore-Tex. As a separate option, the second system was outfitted entirely with woven glass bags. Preliminary results indicate acceptable performance at air-to-cloth ratio of 6 to 1. Future plans call for utilizing one of the baghouse systems for SO2 removal. 相似文献
12.
Joyce H. Poole Katherine Payne William R. Langbauer Jr. Cynthia J. Moss 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1988,22(6):385-392
Summary Several types of low frequency calls made by African elephants, Loxodonta africana, and the contexts in which they occurred are described. These calls had fundamental frequencies ranging from 14–35 Hz and sound pressure levels as high as 103±3dB (re 20 Pa) at 5 m from the source. Very low frequency sounds are subject to very little environmental attenuation, suggesting that sounds at the frequencies and sound pressure levels measured from elephants may be audible to conspecifics several km away. Long-term records on the behavior of elephants and on the contexts of specific call types suggest that elephants make use of infrasound in the spatial coordination of groups and as they search for mates. 相似文献
13.
Frank J. Joyce 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1993,32(2):71-77
Summary Rufous-naped wrens (Campylorhynchus rufinucha) in northwestern Costa Rica build breeding nests most frequently in ant-acacia trees (Acacia collinsii) and occasionally near wasp nests in ant-acacia trees. By moving occupied wasp nests (Polybia rejecta) to randomly chosen ant-acacia trees with wren nests, I tested the hypothesis that wrens nesting near wasp nests were more likely to fledge young than wrens not nesting near wasp nests. Wrens whose nests were near experimentally relocated wasp nests were significantly more likely to fledge young (37.5% of 16 attempts in 1987 and 75% of 12 attempts in 1988) than were wrens whose nests had no wasp nests placed near them (0% of 16 attempts in 1987 and 20% of 15 attempts in 1988). In 15 cases, repeated nesting attempts occurred in the same trees both with and without experimentally-placed wasp nests. Analysis of these data allowed a comparison of the effect of wasp nests on fledging success while differences among trees were controlled. Within the same tree, nesting attempts associated with wasp nests were significantly more likely to fledge young than nesting attempts without wasp nests. Predation was the primary cause of nest failure, and within forest, white-faced monkeys (Cebus capucinus) were the most important predators. The difference in success of wren nests with and without wasps and observations of predators indicate that enhancement of fledging success was due to deterrence of predatory vertebrates by wasps. 相似文献
14.
This study examined protégé characteristics that mentors reported were most influential when choosing a protégé. Based on existing research, two variables were identified related to protégé selection: perceptions regarding the protégé's potential/ability and perceptions regarding the protégé's need for help. The relationships of these two factors with perceived barriers to mentoring others, mentor advancement aspirations, and mentor gender were investigated. Data from 282 mentors revealed that mentors were more likely to choose a protégé based on perceptions regarding the protégé's ability/potential than based on perceptions regarding the protégé's need for help. Additionally, women were more likely to choose a protégé based on the protégé's perceived ability than were men. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
We examined whether participative leadership behavior is associated with improved work performance through a motivational process or an exchange‐based process. Based on data collected from 527 employees from a Fortune 500 company, we found that the link between superiors' participative leadership behaviors and subordinates' task performance and organizational citizenship behavior toward organizations (OCBO) was mediated by psychological empowerment (motivational mediator) for managerial subordinates. Yet, for non‐managerial subordinates such as supporting and front‐line employees, the impact of participative leadership on task performance and OCBO was mediated by trust‐in‐supervisor (exchange‐based mediator). Implications for theories and practices are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
This study applied theory from the employee learning and development literature to examine factors related to employees' perceptions of being job content plateaued and hierarchically plateaued. Results indicated that both types of plateauing were related to support from top management, career planning, job involvement, and education level. Furthermore, career exploration, motivation to learn, organizational tenure, and job tenure were related to perceptions of hierarchical plateauing, while supervisor support was related to job content plateauing. Additionally, the two types of plateauing differed in the relative strength of their relationship with the variables studied. Implications and future research suggestions are provided. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
Michael H. Huesemann Joyce A. Huesemann 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2008,10(6):787-825
Industrial society will move towards collapse if its total environmental impact (I), expressed either in terms of energy and
materials use or in terms of pollution, increases with time, i.e., dI/dt > 0. The traditional interpretation of the I = PAT
equation reflects the optimistic belief that technological innovation, particularly improvements in eco-efficiency, will significantly
reduce the technology (T) factor, and thereby result in a corresponding decline in impact (I). Unfortunately, this interpretation
of the I = PAT equation ignores the effects of technological change on the other two factors: population (P) and per capita
affluence (A). A more heuristic formulation of this equation is I = P(T)·A(T)·T in which the dependence of P and A on T is
apparent. From historical evidence, it is clear that technological revolutions (tool-making, agricultural, and industrial)
have been the primary driving forces behind successive population explosions, and that modern communication and transportation
technologies have been employed to transform a large proportion of the world’s inhabitants into consumers of material- and
energy-intensive products and services. In addition, factor analysis from neoclassical growth theory and the rebound effect
provide evidence that science and technology have played a key role in contributing to rising living standards. While technological
change has thus contributed to significant increases in both P and A, it has at the same time brought about considerable eco-efficiency
improvements. Unfortunately, reductions in the T-factor have generally not been sufficiently rapid to compensate for the simultaneous
increases in both P and A. As a result, total impact, in terms of energy production, mineral extraction, land-use and CO2 emissions, has in most cases increased with time, indicating that industrial society is nevertheless moving towards collapse.
The belief that continued and even accelerated scientific research and technological innovation will automatically result
in sustainability and avert collapse is at best mistaken. Innovations in science and technology will be necessary but alone
will be insufficient for sustainability. Consequently, what is most needed are specific policies designed to decrease total
impact, such as (a) halting population growth via effective population stabilization plans and better access to birth control
methods, (b) reducing total matter-energy throughput and pollution by removing perverse subsidies, imposing regulations that
limit waste discharges and the depletion of non-renewable resources, and implementing ecological tax reform, and (c) moving
towards a steady-state economy in which per-capita affluence is stabilized at lower levels by replacing wasteful conspicuous
material consumption with social alternatives known to enhance subjective well-being. While science and technology must play
an important role in the implementation of these policies, none will be enacted without a fundamental change in society’s
dominant values of growth and exploitation. Thus, value change is the most important prerequisite for avoiding global collapse.
相似文献
Michael H. HuesemannEmail: |
18.
Recent years have seen advancements in the development and use of life-cycle assessment (LCA) analytic techniques. Although these techniques have highlighted the power of LCA to identify the environmental consequences of a product system through its entire life cycle, they have also highlighted a major shortcoming of LCA—the lack of cost information. Because companies make daily decisions that involve trade-offs between economics and the environment, including cost information in LCA is critical for advancing its use as an overall environmental decision-making tool. This article outlines the current state of LCA methodology development, defines key life-cycle cost assessment terms and concepts, and evaluates existing cost assessment techniques with the objective of building an integrated life-cycle cost assessment tool. 相似文献
19.
Linda A. Joyce Curtis H. Flather Patricia A. Flebbe Thomas W. Hoekstra Stan J. Ursic 《Environmental management》1990,14(4):489-500
The impact of timber management and land-use change on forage production, turkey and deer abundance, red-cockaded woodpecker
colonies, water yield, and trout abundance was projected as part of a policy study focusing on the southern United States.
The multiresource modeling framework used in this study linked extant timber management and land-area policy models with newly
developed models for forage, wildlife, fish, and water. Resource production was integrated through a commonly defined land
base that could be geographically partitioned according to individual resource needs. Resources were responsive to changes
in land use, particularly human-related, and timber management, particularly the harvest of older stands, and the conversion
to planted pine. 相似文献
20.
Dr Joyce C. Harper Edith Coonen Alan H. Handyside Robert M. L. Winston Anton H. N. Hopman Joy D. A. Delhanty 《黑龙江环境通报》1995,15(1):41-49
We have previously detected chromosome abnormalities in human embryos whilst identifying the sex for preimplantation diagnosis of X-linked disease. In this study we assess the incidence of these abnormalities, both for sex chromosomes and autosomes 1 and 17, using dual fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Sixty-nine normally fertilized embryos of good morphology at the 6–10 cell stage (day 3 post-insemination) were examined. The embryos were spread whole using HCl and Tween 20 to dissolve the cytoplasm. Thirty-four embryos were analysed for the sex chromosomes and 35 for autosomes 1 and 17. All probes were directly labelled with fluorochromes allowing analysis in 2 h. Control lymphocytes demonstrated that the probes were of high specificity. For the sex chromosomes, five embryos were mosaic (15 per cent) with the remaining 29 being uniformly XX or XY. In no case was an XX nucleus found in an otherwise XY embryo, indicating that even though mosaicism for the sex chromosomes is present, such abnormalities would not lead to a misdiagnosis of sex. For the autosomes, 16 embryos were abnormal (46 per cent); one embryo was triploid, one was monosomic for chromosome 1, and ten others were diploid mosaics (three diploid/aneuploid, three diploid/polyploid, and four diploid/haploid). A further four embryos had variable chromosome numbers in the majority of nuclei which appeared to be the result of uncontrolled mitotic division. The presence of haploidy or double monosomy, which occurred in 15 per cent of nuclei, has important implications for the diagnosis of trisomies and dominant disorders. 相似文献