胶州湾污染物COD的三维扩散与输运研究

笔者较系统地对环胶州湾工业污染源、生活污染源和海水养殖污染源进行收集和分析,给出影响胶州湾海域环境的主要污染源强的大小及分布;在三维潮流模拟的基础上,建立了一个三维保守污染物COD输运的对流扩散数值模型;模拟所得的COD污染物分布结果与胶州湾的实际监测资料符合良好。      

Profiles of cuticular hydrocarbons mediate male mate choice and sexual isolation between hybridising <Emphasis Type="Italic">Chrysochus</Emphasis> (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Summary. Chemical signals frequently underlie sexual isolation between insect species. Our understanding of the evolutionary forces influencing these signaling systems is known for very few systems, challenging both our efforts to understand insect speciation, and our ability to predict long-term changes in the chemical communication systems of insects. Thus, we are in need of more systems in which both the chemical signals causing sexual isolation and the evolutionary forces driving sexual isolation are understood. Sexual isolation in the hybrid zone between Chrysochus cobaltinus and C. auratus has apparently increased in response to natural selection against hybridisation (i.e. reinforcement). Previous experiments suggested that this isolation was due, at least in part, to male preferences for conspecific females. Here, we confirm this role of male choice, and document that male mate choice in this system is influenced by cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles. Specifically, male C. cobaltinus responses to control cadavers and conspecific female cadavers painted with different cuticular hexane extracts, together with analyses of the composition of those extracts, revealed that male mate choice is governed by CHC profiles. Multivariate analyses of GC profiles demonstrated that those profiles are indeed both sex- and species-specific. Although GC-MS enabled identification and quantification of the specific cuticular hydrocarbons, we have not yet determined which individual compounds govern mate choice. Having established that CHCs influence sexual isolation in this system, we can now assess the evolutionary lability of these cues, which will inform both our understanding of speciation, and of the conditions under which the chemical signaling systems that influence mate choice in insects can evolve.     

宁夏地区变电工程造价与地质环境影响分析研究

为了系统了解当前宁夏地区变电工程的造价水平现状及趋势变化,提升基建的造价管理水平,对宁夏地区各电压等级变电工程的造价水平和变化趋势进行分析,梳理了引起造价波动的原因。同时,地质环境条件对输变电工程区域规划和战略部署具有重要的意义,还研究分析了湿陷黄土地质对变电工程的影响。通过对宁夏地区变电工程造价以及地质环境影响的分析,为宁夏地区变电工程的开展以及环境的保护等提供有效的参考,也促进宁夏地区电力事业的发展。     

阿哈水库枯水期入库河流可溶性氮、磷含量分布特征

以贵阳市阿哈水库五条入库河流为研究对象,研究了阿哈水库枯水期入库河流水体可溶性氮、磷含量分布特征,可溶性氮组分比例及沿程变化规律。结果表明：五条入库河流水体可溶性氮、磷含量差异较大,可溶性总氮（DTN）、可溶性总磷（DTP）平均含量分别为1.71~9.74 mg/L和0.03~0.52 mg/L。蔡冲河、烂泥沟河、金钟河受人类活动影响较大,水体DTN、DTP含量较高。不同河流水体可溶性氮组分比例差异显著,受人类活动影响小的游鱼河、白岩河,其水体可溶性氮以可溶性有机氮（DON）为主,DON占DTN的比例高达94%。受人类活动影响大的蔡冲河、烂泥沟河、金钟河则相反,以可溶性无机氮（DIN）为主。不同河流氮、磷含量自上到下游沿程波动较大,人为源造成的氮、磷污染远高于自然源。金钟河的DTN、DTP年输入量分别为97.03 t、46.64 t,对阿哈水库的DTN、DTP输入贡献最大,分别达到45%和66%。     

预测低温冷害的门限回归模型

提出用门限回归模型（TR）来描述低温灾害指标变量在灾害状况与非灾害状况的突变性。研制了TR建模的一套简便通用的方案，用笔者改进的遗传算法可同时优化门限值和回归系数，从而解决了TR建模过程所涉及的大量复杂寻优工作这一问题，为TR模型的广泛应用提供了有效工具。实例的计算结果说明了其可行性和有效性。该方案具有通用性，在各种自然灾害时序预测中具有广泛的实用价值。     

采用减隔震支座提高桥梁结构的安全性

研究了减隔震技术对提高桥梁结构抗震安全性的作用 ,采用有限元动力非线性分析程序 ,对设置板式橡胶支座、铅芯橡胶支座的桥梁结构进行了非线性时程分析 ,分析中考虑了桥梁结构与减隔震支座的非线性特性。结果表明铅芯橡胶支座较板式橡胶支座具有较好的抗震性能 ,同时针对采用铅芯橡胶支座的减隔震桥梁 ,分析了支座参数变化对桥梁结构抗震安全性的影响     

陕西未来50年区域旱涝气候预测研究

用陕西省近526a的旱涝等级资料,根据超低频气候振动理论和尺度对应原理,通过旱涝气候对天体物理、太阳活动等周期,特别是ENSO对天体物理显著敏感的周期响应关系的物理统计分析,选取周期概率显著的周期,进行外延叠加集成预测,给出了未来50a陕西省不同区域旱涝趋势的预测结果．     

The failure of non-invasive prenatal testing due to maternal dermatomyositis

We experienced a case of a pregnant woman who failed to obtain a result from NIPT, due to the high level of total cell-free DNA. A subsequent ultrasound examination discovered that the fetus had severe intrauterine growth restriction, so the woman decided to abort the baby. At the same time, the woman developed slight swelling and tenderness of the proximal interphalangeal and meta-carpophalangeal joints. At first, these symptoms were not noticed, but, when the pregnant woman was admitted to the hospital, her laboratory tests were seriously abnormal, such as serum lactate dehydrogenase (640U/L), creatine phosphor kinase (4525U/L), kinase isoenzyme MB (170U/L), and a hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (398U/L). The patient had no other symptoms at this time. Misoprostol and subsequent forceps curettage were used for the induced abortion, a 167-g female fetus was aborted. Fetal skin tissue was taken for chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and placenta (biopsied in four places and tested as two composite samples) were taken for postnatal karyotyping to exclude a confined placental mosaicism, chromosomal microarray analysis of the fetal skin tissue revealed that the karyotype was 46, XX, karyotyping of placenta (100 cells) gave results of 46, XX, no abnormalities were detected. Ten days after induction, the patient had developed progressive symmetric muscle weakness in the proximal extremities. Physical examination revealed Gottron's sign and erythema. A manual muscle test showed weakness of the muscles (4/5) of her proximal extremities. Electromyography showed myogenic impairment. After excluding the possibility of neoplasia, the patient was diagnosed with dermatomyositis.     

浅议《周易·同人》的义战思想

战争在古代是"国之大事",孔子曰:"国之大事,在祀与戎。"可见在古代人们把战争看作与祭祀一样重要的大事,所以二者殊途同重,互相交结,有别有同。既有关于战争的祭祀,又有祭祀时形成的卜辞,积累了丰富的战争智慧。《周易·同人》就是此例:之所以叫"同人",是因为战亦有道,多助和同。对"同人"的理解,对于帮助我们理解孟子所说的"义战",追溯古人的战争智慧有着重要意义。