京沪高速氯气泄漏以及处置过程对水体环境的影响

本文对京沪高速淮阴区段发生的氯气泄漏事故对周围水体的污染进行了分析,提出了处理意见。     

Assessment of heavy metal levels in sediment samples of Kapulukaya Dam Lake (Kirikkale) and lower catchment area

In this study, the concentrations of 13 elements (Al, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Zn, Co, As, Pb, Cu, Mo, Hg, and Cd) were determined in the sediments of three different sites in the Kapulukaya Dam Lake between May 2007 and November 2008. They ranged from 1.47 to 4.64 for Al, 0.92 to 3.48 for Fe (in percent), 326.60 to 1053.00 for Mn, 98.00 to 1,116.00 for Cr, 24.70 to 127.10 for Ni, 14.80 to 124.20 for Zn, 11.0 to 43.20 for Co, 5.00 to 29.30 for Cu, 9.10 to 69.70 for As, 8.60 to 34.00 for Pb, 2.50 to 5.20 for Mo, 1.00 to 1.60 for Hg, and 0.50 to1.80 for Cd in microgram per gram dry weight sediment. The contamination degree of the sediment was assessed on the basis of enrichment factor and corresponding sediment quality guideline. The calculated enrichment factors (EF, measured metal vs. background concentrations) indicated that the effect of man-made activities on the occurrence of concentrations could be accounted for the majority of heavy metals namely Mn, As, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cr, Co, Mo, and Cd, whereas such affect was not detected for Hg and Pb. The maximum values of the EF were represented by As, minimum values by Hg at all sites. Mean EF values were 36.60 and 0.70 for As and Hg, respectively. This study has clearly assessed a certain level of heavy metal pollution in the region, based particularly on the findings from sediment.     

Evaluation of ecological risk,source, and spatial distribution of some heavy metals in marine sediments in the Middle and Eastern Black Sea region,Turkey

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the present study, the concentration levels of heavy metals such as Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Pb in sediment samples collected from 16 sampling...     

Flexible and high-efficiency Sb2S3/solid carrier solar cell at low light intensity

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Producing green and efficient energy sources is a major challenge. As a consequence, the use of photovoltaic devices for conversion of light into electricity is...     

Biologically active antimicrobial and antioxidant substances in the Helianthus annuus L. bee pollen

The objective of this study was to measure the content of flavonoids, polyphenols, and carotenoids in the Helianthus annuus L. bee pollen. It was also to evaluate the ability of the dried, frozen, and freeze-dried extracts of sunflower (H. annuus) pollen, its scavenged free radicals and reducing action. Another aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial in vitro action of the H. annuus pollen extracts against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. All pollen extracts showed medium antiradical activity and reductive ability. The most effective was the freeze-dried extract in both evaluation systems. The evaluation of the protective effects of DNA using a biosensor showed an opposite trending—frozen ? dried ? freeze-dried pollen. For the evaluation of antiradical activity, the DPPH method was used, and reductive ability was assessed by means of phosphomolybdic complex formation. The comparison of the polyphenols content shows higher values in freeze-dried bee pollen than in the dried and frozen pollen. The highest content of flavonoids was found in the frozen samples and the most carotenoids were present in the dried samples. In our study, the best antibacterial effects of the dried sunflower bee pollen extracts were found against Paenibacillus larvae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus raffinosus. The best inhibitory properties of the frozen sunflower bee pollen extracts were found against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Paenibacillus larvae. Very good inhibitory effects of freeze-dried sunflower bee pollen were found against Paenibacillus larvae, Brochotrix thermosphacta, and Enterococcus raffinosus. The best antifungal activity of the sunflower bee pollen was found in the frozen bee pollen extracts against Aspergillus ochraceus and freeze-dried bee pollen extracts against Aspergillus niger.     

香港及珠三角地区MODIS高分辨率气溶胶光学厚度的反演

为了有效解决地区性和城市范围内的气溶胶分布并反演陆地上气溶胶的性质,一种针对中分辨率成像光谱辐射计(MODIS)的气溶胶反演新算法应运而生.本文首先通过改良的最小反射率技术(MRT)来确定季节性的地表反射率和利用瑞利通道辐射率中解析出大气上气溶胶的反射率来估计气溶胶的反射系数.结果表明,MRT地表反射率的图像和MODIS地表反射系数的产品(MOD09)有很好的契合度.两者的相关系数高达0.9.此外,考虑到不同气溶胶的光学性质和太阳观测组合对计算辐射传输的影响,本研究还制定了全面广泛的差算表(LUT).由此产生的卫星500m分辨率的气溶胶光学厚度(AOT)和香港太阳光度计(AERONET)及MicrotopsⅡ观测资料的相关系数r分别为0.96和0.87(相伴概率值P<0.0001).该研究证明了城区高分辨率气溶胶反演的可行性,还能帮助研究气溶胶的分布和城区大气瞬态污染的影响.此外,MODIS 500m分辨率的气溶胶光学厚度图像还可用于研究跨境气溶胶,使定位珠江三角洲区域污染源变得可行.