荒漠生态系统监测研究指标体系

新疆环境保护科学研究所自1984年接受“荒漠生态系统监测指标体系的观测研究”课题,在乌鲁木齐北部90km处的沙漠边缘建立了“准噶尔沙漠生态系统定位研究站”,自1987年正式开展了“荒漠生态系统定位观测研究”工作,从古尔班通沙漠中部至天山博格达峰中山带选定了沙漠、沙漠边缘、山前洪冲积扇、前山和中山带五个观测场,沙漠四季进行定位观测,同时,在站内进行多项目的连续观测,现集五年观测研究经验,结合中国科学院及国外研究站的先进经验,建立了荒漠生态系统指标体系。     

含油污水处理技术进展

综述了含油污水处理的主要方法，重点讨论了重力分离、气浮、生化和水力旋流等技术，并对新型含油污水处理技术及处理药剂进行介绍。     

额济纳绿洲生物多样性保护与可持续发展对策研究

本文论述了额济纳绿洲生物多样性的基本内涵与保护价值，提出保护绿洲生物多样性的措施及策略。     

包装废弃物回收模式探讨

介绍了国外包装废弃物的回收方法，分析了上海市包装废弃物的回收现状，提出了包装废弃物可采用的回收模式设计方案。     

重庆市区地质灾害信息数据库设计

本文通过对重庆市地质灾害系统分析，得到重庆市地质灾害的基本规律，在此基础上，将重庆市各种地质灾害的信息输入计算机，基于地理信息系统（MAPGIS）建立重庆市地质灾害属性数据库，实现地质灾害空间信息管理，查询，更新以及稳定性分析，为城市地质灾害的防治和管理提供了可靠的平台。     

液膜分离在造纸黑液治理中的应用

液膜分离在造纸黑液治理中的应用潘碌亭朱亦仁（阜阳师范学院化学系，阜阳２３６０３２）吴成康（阜阳师范学院科技处）关键词液膜法；黑液；木质素．１前言目前，我国造纸工业普遍采用碱法制浆，而蒸煮制浆过程中产生的黑液含有大量的有机物和无机物，ＣＯＤ值很高，黑液...     

晋普山煤矿通风系统阻力测定与分析

矿井通风系统阻力测定是煤矿通风技术管理的重要内容,阻力的大小直接影响矿井的通风效果,笔者介绍了矿井通风阻力测定常用的几种方法,分别评述了其优缺点及适用条件,并根据晋普山煤矿通风系统实际情况,选用基点法对其通风阻力进行了测定,全面、准确地掌握了全矿井通风阻力分布情况,为今后进行通风系统调整,提供了有参考价值的基础数据资料。同时依据测定结果,对晋普山煤矿通风系统进行了合理分析。     

混凝剂在污水处理中的现状与发展

介绍了无机絮凝剂、有机絮凝剂及微生物絮凝剂在污水处理中的研究和应用情况,并分析研究发展趋势.     

The Influence of Synoptic-scale Air Flow and Local Circulation on the Dust Layer Height in the North of the Taklimakan Desert

The present study investigates the influences of synoptic-scale air flows and local wind circulations on the dust layer height (DLH) in the Taklimakan Desert, based on lidar observations performed in the north of the desert in March 2003. The DLH fluctuates approximately every three days between 2500 m (above sea level) and 5000 m, including diurnal variations. Meteorological analyses and numerical simulations show that the three-day fluctuation of DLH corresponds with variations in synoptic-scale air flows over the Taklimakan Desert, and the diurnal variations are linked to downdrafts and updrafts that are formed over the north of the desert as part of local circulations. When strong northerly winds prevail in the upper troposphere and a developed valley wind blows toward the Tienshan Mountains in the lower troposphere, the downdrafts strengthen in the middle troposphere over the north of the desert, lowering the DLH to about 2500 m. In contrast, the DLH rises to about 5000 m when the updrafts develop between strong southerly winds in the upper troposphere and a developed mountain wind blowing from the Tienshan Mountains. Simulations for the local circulation behavior without the presence of the Tienshan Mountains demonstrate that the valley and mountain winds on the southern slope of the Tienshan Mountains control the intensity of the downdrafts and updrafts, thereby influencing the DLH over the north of the Taklimakan Desert.     

Climatic and Environmental Changes in the Source Areas of Dust Storms in Xinjiang, China, during the Last 50 Years

The desert environmental changes in the source areas of dust storms occurring in Xinjiang are discussed based on the climate changes and the impacts of human activities in Xinjiang during the past 50 years. The results show that the climate in Xinjiang is changing from a warm-dry type to a warm-wet one. The warm-wet climate has been obvious since the mid-1970's, and especially the sensitivity of the regional climate change in this arid area is obviously revealed by many factors, such as the characteristics of the local climate change in south Xinjiang and north Xinjiang, the difference of climate change in the alpine zones and the basins, and the change of areas of the waters bodies. Furthermore, these factors also reveal the difference in the regional climate change between Xinjiang and central and eastern areas of China. The occurrence and development of dust storms are directly affected by the precipitation, air humidity, status of underlying surface, etc. in the arid areas. The frequency and intensity of dust storms are closely related to the natural conditions, changes of climate and desert environment, as well as the dynamic conditions (i.e., weather systems) in the source areas of dust storms. Therefore, global warming is one of the main causes resulting in the degradation of the ecological environment and the frequent occurrence of natural disasters, especially the disasters of sand drift and dust storms in the arid areas since the late-1980's, which reveals that the inland arid areas are sensitive regions to climate changes.