红碱淖生态环境质量评估及对策研究

红碱淖是中国最大、最年轻的沙漠淡水湖,水域面积67平方公里。通过数据收集统计及打分计算的方式对红碱淖水环境质量、生态环境质量、水生态健康进行定量分析,结果表明,红碱淖水环境质量从1981年至2010年有逐渐恶化的趋势;2010年红碱淖生态系统健康综合指数为59.86,属于中等水平,已经受到了一定影响;生态质量综合评价值为81.6分,具有较高的保护价值。并对造成红碱淖水质和生态系统逐步恶化的原因进行解析,同时提出相应的对策。     

衡阳地质灾害特点及与降水相关性研究

衡阳地质环境复杂,人类工程活动频繁,是湖南省地质灾害高-中易发区。本文对影响地质灾害发生的地形地貌、地质构造、降水、人类活动强度等诸多因子量化处理,将衡阳划分出6个崩塌、滑坡及泥石流灾害高发带及4个塌陷地质灾害高发带;无论在年、月时间尺度上,地质灾害发生数与降水量的相关性均不好,但与80 mm以上降水次数的相关度高(r=0.845),80 mm以上降水可作为地质灾害发生的重要指标;1990年代以来,衡阳地质灾害数呈波动性增长,目前处于灾害高发后的趋缓期。一年中,7月发生地质灾害的几率较大(34.8%)。     

基于LMDI模型的乌鲁木齐工业废气排放影响因素研究

本文运用对数平均的LMDI 分解模型,选取工业SO₂、工业烟(粉)尘排放量作为污染物指标,将2006—2013 年,乌鲁木齐工业废气排放量影响因素分解为规模效应、结构效应、技术效应,考虑到技术效应机制的复杂性,进一步将技术效应细化为污染治理效应和清洁技术效应。研究结果表明:规模效应和结构效应增加乌鲁木齐工业废气排放,其中规模效应对工业废气排放量贡献率由2007 年的119.10%增加到2013 年的263.03%,结构效应对工业废气排放量的增加也起到一定的促进作用,但影响效果远低于规模效应,年贡献率均低于10%,技术效应阻碍工业废气排放的增加,贡献率由2007 年的-19.86%增加到2013 年的-172.50%。制造业和电力、燃气及水的生产和供应业废气排放量占工业废气排放总量的70% 左右,是乌鲁木齐工业废气污染的主要行业。清洁技术效应对SO₂ 的减排起促进作用,是阻碍工业SO₂ 排放量增加的主要因素。污染治理效应是工业烟(粉)尘的减排主要因素,说明目前乌鲁木齐工业烟(粉)尘的减排依赖于排放后的治理。     

Application of different foliar iron fertilizers for enhancing the growth and antioxidant capacity of rice and minimizing cadmium accumulation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Iron (Fe) fertilizer can reduce cadmium (Cd) uptake and toxicity in rice, but the underlying mechanisms of Cd mitigation by different fertilizers are...     

The impact of urbanization and consumption patterns on China’s black carbon emissions based on input–output analysis and structural decomposition analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Urbanization in China has dramatically increased from 39.10 in 2002 to 58.52% in 2017. Studies have discussed the impacts of urbanization and its...     

Potential ecological and health risk assessment of different kiwifruit orchards in Qianjiang district,Chongqing city,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Heavy metal (HM) pollution in orchards is becoming serious in many countries, and some fruit HMs exceed the safety limits. In this study, contents of...     

Effects of synthesis methods on catalytic activities of CoOx–TiO2 for low-temperature NH3-SCR of NO

A series of cobalt doped TiO_2(Co-TiO_2) and Co Oxloaded TiO_2(Co/TiO_2) catalysts prepared by sol–gel and impregnation methods respectively were investigated on selective catalytic reduction with NH_3(NH_3-SCR) of NO. It was found that Co-TiO_2 catalyst showed more preferable catalytic activity at low temperature range. From characterization results of XRD,TEM, Raman and FT-IR, Co species were proved to be doped into TiO_2 lattice by replaced Ti atoms. After being characterized and analyzed by NH_3-TPD, PL, XPS, EPR and DRIFTS, it was found that the better NH_3-SCR activities of Co-TiO_2 catalysts, compared with Co/TiO_2 catalyst, were ascribed to the formation of more oxygen vacancies which further promoted the production of more superoxide ions(O-2). The superoxide ions were crucial for the formation of low temperature SCR reaction intermediates(NO-3) by reacting with adsorbed NO molecule. Therefore, these aspects were responsible for the higher low temperature NH_3-SCR activity of Co-TiO_2 catalysts.     

Keep swimming but stop peeing in the pools

正Swimming is excellent exercise and offers many health benefits.However,the"chlorine smell"in swimming pools may be a turn-off for some people.Although this smell is often thought to be of chlorine,it actually comes from volatile compounds that are produced from unintended reactions between disinfectants(e.g.,chlorine)and organic matter in     

Adsorption–desorption behavior of atrazine on agricultural soils in China

Adsorption and desorption are important processes that affect atrazine transport,transformation,and bioavailability in soils.In this study,the adsorption–desorption characteristics of atrazine in three soils(laterite,paddy soil and alluvial soil) were evaluated using the batch equilibrium method.The results showed that the kinetics of atrazine in soils was completed in two steps:a"fast" adsorption and a "slow" adsorption and could be well described by pseudo-second-order model.In addition,the adsorption equilibrium isotherms were nonlinear and were well fitted by Freundlich and Langmuir models.It was found that the adsorption data on laterite,and paddy soil were better fitted by the Freundlich model;as for alluvial soil,the Langmuir model described it better.The maximum atrazine sorption capacities ranked as follows:paddy soil alluvial soil laterite.Results of thermodynamic calculations indicated that atrazine adsorption on three tested soils was spontaneous and endothermic.The desorption data showed that negative hysteresis occurred.Furthermore,lower solution pH value was conducive to the adsorption of atrazine in soils.The atrazine adsorption in these three tested soils was controlled by physical adsorption,including partition and surface adsorption.At lower equilibrium concentration,the atrazine adsorption process in soils was dominated by surface adsorption;while with the increase of equilibrium concentration,partition was predominant.     

电锅炉技术及其应用对环境影响的分析研究

针对电锅炉技术及其应用对环境影响,以绿色电力能源代替煤、油、气等常规化石能源,减少因化石能源在城镇人群聚集区终端使用造成"雾霾"类大气污染,已经成为一种新的发展趋势.本文系统分析了电锅炉的常用技术,分别阐述了不同种类电锅炉的技术原理、技术特点、工艺流程、应用领域,并通过实际应用案例,分析了电锅炉技术推广应用对城镇人口聚集区环境污染改善的效果,最后提出电锅炉技术的应用建议,为推行电锅炉技术选型提供依据,保证绿色环境的生成.