河南省平顶山市大气降尘的化学特征及其来源解析

为系统反映河南省平顶山市大气降尘的特征,选取平顶山市5个典型功能区(工业区、交通区、居民区、文教区、居民商业混合区),于2008年5月-2009年4月用圆筒型集尘缸采集60个大气降尘样品,应用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)和离子色谱法(IC)分别对其中的20种元素浓度和14种离子浓度进行了分析.结果表...     

提高军官常服皮鞋穿着与视觉舒适性探讨

本文通过军人脚型测量分析、军鞋审美取向调查分析、军鞋重量与运动性能试验分析等探讨研究,获得了脚型、式样、重量等相关数据,对于新式军鞋研究、生产和使用具有一定的参考作用。     

室内环境安全及污染控制

近年来室内装修污染健康危害事件不断发生,成为居民投诉的热点,室内环境安全也已成为学术界和政府部门关心的焦点.本文以九江地区室内环境质量状况为例,指出了室内空气污染的来源,分析了各种室内主要污染物对人体健康的影响,对如何防治室内污染,达到居住环境安全的问题进行初步的探讨.     

世界粮食日纪念币

2004年10月16日是“联合国粮农组织”确定的第24个“世界粮食日”。     

One size fits all? An assessment tool for solid waste management at local and national levels

As environmental awareness rises, integrated solid waste management (WM) schemes are increasingly being implemented all over the world. The different WM schemes usually address issues such as landfilling restrictions (mainly due to methane emissions and competing land use), packaging directives and compulsory recycling goals. These schemes are, in general, designed at a national or regional level, whereas local conditions and constraints are sometimes neglected. When national WM top-down policies, in addition to setting goals, also dictate the methods by which they are to be achieved, local authorities lose their freedom to optimize their operational WM schemes according to their specific characteristics. There are a myriad of implementation options at the local level, and by carrying out a bottom-up approach the overall national WM system will be optimal on economic and environmental scales. This paper presents a model for optimizing waste strategies at a local level and evaluates this effect at a national level. This is achieved by using a waste assessment model which enables us to compare both the economic viability of several WM options at the local (single municipal authority) level, and aggregated results for regional or national levels. A test case based on various WM approaches in Israel (several implementations of mixed and separated waste) shows that local characteristics significantly influence WM costs, and therefore the optimal scheme is one under which each local authority is able to implement its best-fitting mechanism, given that national guidelines are kept. The main result is that strict national/regional WM policies may be less efficient, unless some type of local flexibility is implemented. Our model is designed both for top-down and bottom-up assessment, and can be easily adapted for a wide range of WM option comparisons at different levels.     

吉兰泰盐湖沙侵危害、原因与对策

内蒙古吉兰泰盐湖是荒漠区内很有经济价值的盐矿产地。本文针对近年来盐湖面临流沙覆埋危害的严峻现实,在分析盐湖区自然条件变化、沙侵危害规模、程度和原因的基础上,指出吉兰泰盐湖沙害导致盐湖自干盐中期阶段直接进入沙下盐湖阶段的过程,干旱化气候日益加剧是其自然控制因素,人类在盐湖区无节制地采樵和过度放牧,造成生态环境破坏是其触发因素,并提出了以保护生态环境为核心的综合治理对策。     

Fe/C微电解法去除制药废水中磷试验研究

用Fe/C微电解法处理制药废水中的含磷物质,并与加入直接铁屑对废水中总磷的去除方法加以对比。实验结果表明,在酸性条件下,铁碳微电解法经过4～6小时曝气后对总磷的去除率在80.0%～85.9%;再经过4小时曝气后调节至碱性情况下,总磷的去除率为96.0%～99.4%,铁碳微电解法的去磷效率远高于直接加入铁屑除磷,同时铁碳微电解法对废水中的COD也有一定的去除。     

Food additives for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Metal nanoparticles have found applications in many fields such as molecular diagnostics, electronic devices and environmental remediation. Nonetheless,...