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91.
Bosch J 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2002,89(12):575-578
Female midwife toads (genus Alytes) emit highly variable reciprocal calls of unclear function prior to and during courtship. In some species, female-female competition, expressed as physical fighting, has been reported. Males of Majorcan midwife toads (Alytes muletensis) show phonotactic response to female calls, and females of Iberian midwife toads (Alytes cisternasii) respond differently according to the male call characteristics. In this study, I test the hypothesis of female-female acoustic competition as an additional function of female reciprocal calls. Playback tests indicate that female calls are not clearly involved in female acoustic competition in the Iberian midwife toad, therefore female calls could be directed at males rather than towards competitive females. 相似文献
92.
The Henze precipitate, a peculiar blue-green microparticulate obtained by lysis of the blood cells of the ascidian Phallusia mammillata (Protochordata), was investigated with atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray microanalysis. The precipitate was collected from the Henze solution, an unstable red-brown product obtained by treating blood with distilled water, whose degradation yields a characteristic blue-green product. The microparticulates measured 50–100 µm in diameter and appeared irregular in shape. SEM examination showed smooth, roughly round boundaries. The microparticulate surface examined with AFM appeared as an irregular matrix formed by 70–320-nm-wide mammillate composites, including and embedding small (500–800 nm wide) crystal-like multilayered formations. X- ray analysis showed that the elements present in these same precipitates were mainly C, Si, Al and O. The microparticulate composition appeared close to those of natural waxes or lacquers, embedding amorphous silicates and/or other Si–Al components. The unusual occurrence of Si in ascidian blood and its role are discussed. 相似文献
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C. Sheinbaum I. Jauregui L. Rodríguez V. 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》1998,2(4):359-372
An analysis of the impacts on Mexican energy demand and associated carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the year 2005 due to efficient lighting in the commercial and residential sectors and cogeneration in the industrial sector is presented. Estimation of CO2 abatement costs and an incremental cost curve for CO2 mitigation options are considered. These technologies are cost effective opportunities, and together are projected to reduce CO2 emissions in 2005 by nearly 13 percent. Implementation of efficient lighting is already part of the demand side management (DSM) programs of the Mexican state-owned utility. However, there are important barriers that may hinder the implementation of large scale cogeneration plants. 相似文献
100.
Enrique Castelán 《Ambio-人类环境杂志》2003,32(2):124-129
引言 墨西哥城大都市区(MCMA)位于被称作"墨西哥谷(Valle deMexico)"的天然围合的盆地里,海拔2240m.它下辖联邦区和墨西哥州的34个自治市.墨西哥城是墨西哥的首都,位于联邦区(DistritoFederal,DF),四面环山,海拔高度超过5000m.墨西哥州是墨西哥人口最稠密的地区(据报道有1300万居民),人口仅次于它的是墨西哥城,大约有860万人[1]. 相似文献