Suspended solid abatement in a conical fluidized bed flocculator

With the random movement of silica gel beads in a conical fluidized bed, micro-vortices resulting from the fluidization promoted the collision and aggregation of suspended fine kaolin powders. The abatement efficiencies of the suspended fine solids under several hydrodynamic conditions were studied, and a suitable control strategy for operating the conical fluidized bed flocculators was identified. The suspended solids abatement efficiency was found to increase with increasing Camp Number and flocculation time (T), but decreased with the increase of velocity gradient (G) within the range studied in this research (165.1–189.6 s^-1). The abatement efficiencies were all more than 60% at the range of G = 165–180 s^-1 and T = 15–33 s at an initial kaolin solid concentration of 150 mg·L^-1, polymer aluminum chloride dosage of 60 mg·L^-1 and sedimentation time of 20 min. However, the formation of flocs was influenced by the liquid backmixing. Excessive backmixing caused the breakup of flocs and resulted in difficulty for the fine powders to aggregate and sediment to the reactor bottom. The results of the calculated fractal dimension and measured free sedimentation velocity of flocs obtained at different runs showed similar flocs properties, and indicated an easy control strategy for sedimentation of the flocs.     

碲化镉量子点(CdTe QDs)对肝细胞的毒性效应及线粒体介导的毒性机制研究

本文探讨了碲化镉量子点(CdTe QDs)对肝细胞的毒性效应及其影响因素,为探索量子点的肝毒性机制提供一定依据。采用人肝癌细胞(Hep G2)和人正常肝细胞(L02)为细胞模型,设置0、25、50和100μmol·L-14个浓度组,采用CCK-8法检测细胞生存率,石墨炉法检测细胞内镉元素含量,采用流式细胞术,装载荧光探针DCFH-DA检测细胞内活性氧水平,采用FITC/PI检测细胞凋亡以及JC-1检测细胞ATP水平。研究结果显示:CdTe QDs诱导2种肝细胞生存率降低,细胞凋亡率升高,细胞对QDs的摄入水平具有时间依赖性,细胞内活性氧水平显著升高,线粒体膜电位降低和ATP含量显著减少,且2种肝细胞比较发现L02细胞损伤程度更为严重。CdTe QDs对2种肝细胞造成损伤,对L02细胞损伤更明显,其原因是L02细胞对CdTe QDs摄取更多,导致进入细胞的QDs引发更为严重的损伤效应。     

梯级水库建设下的水沙营养盐协同变化规律研究：以嘉陵江为例

水库建设在兴利防洪的同时对多个环境要素造成了影响,现有研究主要分析水、沙、营养盐等单一要素变化,缺乏不同要素间的协同分析.本研究基于IHA指标、MK分析、Spearman相关分析等方法讨论了1995—2017年嘉陵江梯级水库建设对流域水-沙-污染物等单个要素和多个要素协同性的综合影响.结果表明,水库建设对河流流量具有"削峰填平"作用,其中枯水期流量增加13.3%～47.0%,丰水期流量下降率最高则达19.4%;相对于流量,水库建设对泥沙的削减作用更为明显,且对上游河流泥沙输移影响更大.同时,水库建设后其下游水、沙、营养盐过程线趋同,尤其是丰水期,水、沙、营养盐指标相关系数显著提升,均达0.75以上.该结果补充了目前水库建设对水、沙、营养盐综合影响研究的不足,为水利工程影响下的水环境综合管理提供了支撑.     

原位电热脱附技术在某有机污染场地修复中的应用效果

以某退役化学试剂厂土壤及地下水中氯乙烯、顺-1,2-二氯乙烯、苯、氯苯为目标污染物,基于电热脱附技术开展了中试规模的修复研究。结果表明：经电热脱附处理后,土壤中氯乙烯、氯苯的平均去除率分别达到100%、99%,均低于北京市《场地土壤环境风险评价筛选值》中污染场地(住宅用地)中土壤筛选值;地下水中氯乙烯、顺-1,2-二氯乙烯、苯、氯苯的平均去除率分别为90.5%、93.5%、96.4%、99.3%。此外,加热井设计间距对土壤温度变化有明显影响,间距为3.0 m的加热井布设方案下的升温时间短且升温效果好,优于间距为4.0 m的加热井布设方案,但两者均可达到去除污染物的目标;加热边界有效热传递范围可达2.0 m;止水帷幕与加热边界的最佳间距至少为3.0 m;目标温度越高,热脱附时间越长,热脱附效率则越高。同时,还讨论了土壤含水率及渗透性等因素对脱附效果的影响。电热脱附技术对修复氯代烃类有机物污染场地具有良好的效果,可进行大规模的工程应用。     

A comprehensive review of the circulation of microplastics in aquatic ecosystem using scientometric method

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nowadays, the extensive application of microplastics (MPs) has led to the gradual accumulation of toxicity in aquatic environment and caused potential...