深圳地区典型大气污染过程分析

分析了深圳地区2003～2004年发生的6个典型污染过程.基于WRF中尺度气象模式的分析表明深圳地区的空气污染过程主要受副热带高压、热带气旋及变性冷高压脊的影响.HYSPLIT气流轨迹分析说明珠江三角洲上游地区的污染对深圳地区存在影响,当深圳处于海上气团控制时,空气质量较好.     

Competitive role of nitrogen functionalities of N doped GO and sensitizing effect of Bi2O3 QDs on TiO2 for water remediation

The promising solar irradiated photocatalyst by pairing of bismuth oxide quantum dots (BQDs) doped TiO₂ with nitrogen doped graphene oxide (NGO) nanocomposite (NGO/BQDs-TiO₂) was fabricated. It was used for degradation of organic pollutants like 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and stable dyes, i.e. Rhodamine B and Congo Red. X-ray diffraction (XRD) profile of NGO showed reduction in oxygenic functional groups and restoring of graphitic crystal structure. The characteristic diffraction peaks of TiO₂ and its composites showed crystalline anatase TiO₂. Morphological images represent spherical shaped TiO₂ evenly covered with BQDs spread on NGO sheet. The surface linkages of $\text{NO}?\mathrm{O}?\text{Ti}$, $\mathrm{C}?\mathrm{O}?\text{Ti}$, $\mathrm{B}\mathrm{i}?\mathrm{O}?\text{Ti}$ and vibrational modes are observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman studies. BQDs and NGO modified TiO₂ results into red shifting in visible region as studied in diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). NGO and BQDs in TiO₂ are linked with defect centers which reduced the recombination of free charge carriers by quenching of photoluminescence (PL) intensities. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) shows that no peak related to $\mathrm{C}?\mathrm{O}$ in NGO/BQDs-TiO₂ is observed. This indicated that doping of nitrogen into GO has reduced some oxygen functional groups. Nitrogen functionalities in NGO and photosensitizing effect of BQDs in ternary composite have improved photocatalytic activity against organic pollutants. Intermediate byproducts during photo degradation process of 2,4-DCP were studied through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Study of radical scavengers indicated that ${\mathrm{O}}_2^{·?}$ has significant role for degradation of 2,4-DCP. Our investigations propose that fabricated nanohybrid architecture has potential for degradation of environmental pollutions.     

秦皇岛港贮煤场的生态恢复与煤尘防治

分析了秦皇岛港后煤场边界整体大气环境现在能够达到的质量水平，指出在现有基础上改善后煤场边界大气环境水平的有效途径是建设生态防风林带，给出了建设防风林带所需详细理论测算资料。     

酸性铬深蓝-示波吸附计时电位法快速测定土壤溶液中不同形态铝

报道了酸性铬深蓝-示波吸附计时电位法分别在酸性和碱性条件下直接检测土壤溶液中的无机单核铝[AIi]和总单核铝[AIa]浓度，并用该法测定了酸消化水样中的总铝[AIT]．由[AI8]-[AIi]间接得到有机单核铝[AIo]，[AIT]-[AIa]得到酸溶态铝[AIr]，从而实现了土壤溶液中5种AI形态的电化学测定测定了十多个实际土壤水样，与Driscoll方法所获结果进行了对照，结果基本一致。     

Kachchh (India) earthquake 2001--causes,severity and impact on groundwater resources

Earthquake 2001 in Bhuj region of Kachchh district of Gujarat(India) was one of the most devastating earthquakes in the Indian history. This earthquake has caused severe damage to human life and properties. The impact of earthquake on groundwater resources at many locations was significant. Steep rise in static water level due to earthquake was observed at Bhachau and Chandarani. At other location groundwater followed the declining trend.     

大气甲醛稳定碳同位素分析方法研究

利用气相色谱/燃烧/同位素比值质谱(GC/C/IRMS)技术,采用2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)衍生化,初步研究了单体化合物稳定碳同位素方法研究大气甲醛来源问题.根据不同同位素组成的甲醛与DNPH反应,模拟大气采样,具体讨论了甲醛与DNPH衍生化过程的同位素效应及分析方法的重现性与精确度.结果表明,每个甲醛2,4-二硝基苯腙样品分析的最大标准偏差为0.3‰;不同同位素组成的甲醛衍生化产物甲醛2,4-二硝基苯腙与理论值的平均偏差为0.24‰±0.14‰(从0.03‰到0.35‰),小于仪器分析误差0.5‰,该衍生化过程不存在同位素分馏.采用该方法对酒店大厅内外大气甲醛碳同位素组成进行了初步研究,结果表明不同来源的甲醛同位素组成具有显著差异,可以为大气甲醛的来源分析提供非常有效的信息.     

典型电子垃圾拆解区大气中多溴联苯醚的污染

分别在典型电子垃圾拆解区(E)和其上风向参考点(S)采集了大气颗粒相和气相样品，以研究该区域大气中PBDEs的浓度水平、污染特征和气/固分布特点.分析过程中运用气相色谱-质谱联用仪，负化学离子源(GC-NCI-MS)检测了11种PBDEs.结果表明，电子垃圾拆解造成了比较严重的PBDEs污染，三溴～十溴联苯醚的浓度范围为51.1～2685 pg·m^-3(平均值830 pg·m^-3)，而对照区由于制衣行业的影响也造成了一定程度的PBDEs污染，三溴～十溴联苯醚的浓度范围为1.00～98.9 pg·m^-3(平均值28.7 pg·m^-3).在气/固分布的研究中发现，不同的PBDEs在气相和颗粒相的分布比例相差很大，从低溴至高溴PBDEs在气相中的比例呈降低趋势，而在颗粒相中的比例呈上升趋势.电子垃圾拆解区以五溴-联苯醚污染为主，占∑₁₁PBDEs总量的54.3%；而十溴-联苯醚污染次之，占∑₁₁PBDEs总量的23.8%，该污染特征进一步证实了该地区电子垃圾的来源，不仅来自亚洲国家，而且还来自欧美等国家.     

基于模糊聚类神经网络的煤炭资源分类研究

采用模糊聚类神经网络方法建立了煤炭资源分类模型 ,通过自适应算法与误差逆传播算法相结合 ,解决了以往神经网络不能处理模糊问题的缺陷 ,从而更适应现实评价条件的需要。     

国内利用水生生物治理废水技术及其发展

详细地论述了利用水生生物治理废水技术在环境污染治理方面的应用和发展趋势,以及该技术在国内的研究成果。